Abstract: This study addresses a concept of the Sustainable Building Environmental Model (SBEM) developed to optimize energy consumption in air conditioning and ventilation (ACV) systems without any deterioration of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The SBEM incorporates two main components: an adaptive comfort temperature control module (ACT) and a new carbon dioxide demand control module (nDCV). These two modules take an innovative approach to maintain satisfaction of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) with optimum energy consumption; they provide a rational basis of effective control. A total of 2133 sets of measurement data of indoor air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (Rh) and carbon dioxide concentration (CO2) were conducted in some Hong Kong offices to investigate the potential of integrating the SBEM. A simulation was used to evaluate the dynamic performance of the energy and air conditioning system with the integration of the SBEM in an air-conditioned building. It allows us make a clear picture of the control strategies and performed any pre-tuned of controllers before utilized in real systems. With the integration of SBEM, it was able to save up to 12.3% in simulation of overall electricity consumption, and maintain the average carbon dioxide concentration within 1000ppm and occupant dissatisfaction in 20%.Â
Abstract: This paper presents the modeling results of an
innovative system for the temperature control in the interior
compartment of a stationary automobile facing the solar energy from
the sun. A very thin layer of PCM inside a pouch placed in the
ceiling of the car in which the heating energy is absorbed and release
with melting and solidification of phase change materials. As a result
the temperature of the car interior is maintained in the comfort
condition. The amount of required PCM has been calculated to be
about 755 g. The PCM-temperature controlling system is simple and
has a potential to be implemented as a practical solution to prevent
undesirable heating of the automobile-s cabin.
Abstract: This paper presents the climatic range calculations for
comfort evaporative cooling for Tehran. In this study the minimum
climatic conditions required to achieve an appropriate comfort zone
will be presented.
Physiologically uncomfortable conditions in arid climates are
mainly caused by the extreme heat and dryness. Direct evaporative
cooling adds moisture to the air stream until the air stream is close to
saturation. The dry bulb temperature is reduced, while the wet bulb
temperature stays the same. Evaporative cooling is economical,
effective, environmentally friendly, and healthy.
Comfort cooling by direct evaporative cooling (passive or fan
forced) in the 35. 41 N (such as Tehran) latitude requires design
wet-bulb temperature not over 25.4 C. Evaporative cooling outside
this limit cannot achieve the required 26.7 ET, and is recommended
for relief cooling only.