Abstract: For a given a simple connected graph, we present
some new bounds via a new approach for a special topological index
given by the sum of the real number power of the non-zero
normalized Laplacian eigenvalues. To use this approach presents an
advantage not only to derive old and new bounds on this topic but
also gives an idea how some previous results in similar area can be
developed.
Abstract: Cognitive Radio is a turning out technology that
empowers viable usage of the spectrum. Energy Detector-based
Sensing is the most broadly utilized spectrum sensing strategy.
Besides, it's a lot of generic as receivers doesn't would like any
information on the primary user's signals, channel data, of even the
sort of modulation. This paper puts forth the execution of energy
detection sensing for AM (Amplitude Modulated) signal at 710 KHz,
FM (Frequency Modulated) signal at 103.45 MHz (local station
frequency), Wi-Fi signal at 2.4 GHz and WiMAX signals at 6 GHz.
The OFDM/OFDMA based WiMAX physical layer with
convolutional channel coding is actualized utilizing USRP N210
(Universal Software Radio Peripheral) and GNU Radio based
Software Defined Radio (SDR). Test outcomes demonstrated the
BER (Bit Error Rate) augmentation with channel noise and BER
execution is dissected for different Eb/N0 (the energy per bit to noise
power spectral density ratio) values.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the ability to
identify and acquire knowledge from external sources at the regional
level in the Czech Republic. The results show that the most important
sources of knowledge for innovative activities are sources within the
businesses themselves, followed by customers and suppliers.
Furthermore, the analysis of relationships between the objective of
the innovative activity and the ability to identify and acquire
knowledge implies that knowledge obtained from (1) customers aims
at replacing outdated products and increasing product quality; (2)
suppliers aims at increasing capacity and flexibility of production;
and (3) competing businesses aims at growing market share and
increasing the flexibility of production and services. Regions should
therefore direct their support especially into development and
strengthening of networks within the value chain.
Abstract: A simple, accurate and precise direct spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of cefixime in tablets and capsules. The method is based on the reaction of cefixime with a mixture of potassium iodide and potassium iodate to form yellow coloured product in ethanol-distilled water medium at room temperature which absorbed maximally at 352 nm. The factors affecting the reaction product were carefully studied and optimized. The validation parameters based on International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH, USA) guidelines were followed. The effect of common excipients used as additives has been tested and the tolerance limit was calculated for the determination of cefixime. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 4 – 24 ug mL-1 with apparent molar absorptivity of 1.52 × 104 L mol-1cm-1 and Sandell’s sensitivity of 0.033 ug/cm2/ 0.001 absorbance unit. The limits of detection and quantitation for the proposed method are 0.32 and 1.06 ug mL-1, respectively. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical formulations. The results obtained by the proposed method were statistically compared with the reference method using t- and F- values and found no significant difference between the two methods. The proposed method can be used as an alternate method for routine quality control analysis of cefixime in pharmaceutical formulations.
Abstract: The aim of the present study is to investigate the
potential use of the selected seed oils. The oil was extracted using
Soxhlet apparatus and the physicochemical characteristics of the oil
determined using standard methods. The following results were
obtained for the physicochemical parameters analysed: for Egusi seed
oil, Oil yield 53.20%, Saponification value 178.03±1.25 mgKOH/g,
Iodine value 49.10±0.32 g I2/100g, Acid value 4.30±0.86 mgKOH/g,
and Peroxide value 5.80±0.27 meq/kg were obtained. For Pawpaw
seed oil, Oil yield 40.10%, Saponification value 24.13±3.93
mgKOH/g, Iodine value 24.87±0.19 g I2/100g, Acid value 9.46±0.40
mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 3.12±1.22 meq/kg were obtained. For
Sweet orange seed oil, Oil yield 43.10%, Saponification value
106.30±2.37 mgKOH/g, Iodine value 37.08±0.04 g I2/100g, Acid
value 7.59±0.77 mgKOH/g, and Peroxide value 2.21±0.46 meq/kg
were obtained. From the obtained values of the determined
parameters, the oils can be extracted from the three selected seeds in
commercial quantities and that the egusi and sweet orange seed oils
may be utilized in the industrial soap production.
Abstract: Red River Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) is a tree
of the genus Eucalyptus widely distributed in Algeria and in the
world. The value of its aromatic secondary metabolites offers new
perspectives in the pharmaceutical industry. This strategy can
contribute to the sustainable development of our country. Preliminary
tests performed on the essential oil of Eucalyptus camendulensis
showed that this oil has antibacterial activity vis-à-vis the bacterial
strains (Enterococcus feacalis, Enterobacter cloaceai, Proteus
microsilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa) and antifungic (Fusarium sporotrichioide and Fusarium
graminearum). The culture medium used was nutrient broth Muller
Hinton. The interaction between the bacteria and the essential oil is
expressed by a zone of inhibition with diameters of MIC indirectly
expression of. And we used the PDA medium to determine the fungal
activity. The extraction of the aromatic fraction (essentially oilhydrolat)
of the fresh aerian part of the Eucalyptus camendulensis
was performed by hydrodistillation. The average essential oil yield is
0.99%. The antimicrobial and fungal study of the essential oil and
hydrosol showed a high inhibitory effect on the growth of pathogens.
Abstract: In this paper we make a temperature investigations in
two type of superposed crimped connections using experimental
determinations. All the samples use 8 copper wire 7.1 x 3 mm2
crimped by two methods: the first method uses one crimp indents and
the second is a proposed method with two crimp indents. The ferrule
is a parallel one. We study the influence of number and position of
crimp indents. The samples are heated in A.C. current at different
current values until steady state heating regime. After obtaining of
temperature values, we compare them and present the conclusion.
Abstract: Color Histogram is considered as the oldest method
used by CBIR systems for indexing images. In turn, the global
histograms do not include the spatial information; this is why the
other techniques coming later have attempted to encounter this
limitation by involving the segmentation task as a preprocessing step.
The weak segmentation is employed by the local histograms while
other methods as CCV (Color Coherent Vector) are based on strong
segmentation. The indexation based on local histograms consists of
splitting the image into N overlapping blocks or sub-regions, and
then the histogram of each block is computed. The dissimilarity
between two images is reduced, as consequence, to compute the
distance between the N local histograms of the both images resulting
then in N*N values; generally, the lowest value is taken into account
to rank images, that means that the lowest value is that which helps to
designate which sub-region utilized to index images of the collection
being asked. In this paper, we make under light the local histogram
indexation method in the hope to compare the results obtained against
those given by the global histogram. We address also another
noteworthy issue when Relying on local histograms namely which
value, among N*N values, to trust on when comparing images, in
other words, which sub-region among the N*N sub-regions on which
we base to index images. Based on the results achieved here, it seems
that relying on the local histograms, which needs to pose an extra
overhead on the system by involving another preprocessing step
naming segmentation, does not necessary mean that it produces better
results. In addition to that, we have proposed here some ideas to
select the local histogram on which we rely on to encode the image
rather than relying on the local histogram having lowest distance with
the query histograms.
Abstract: The relationship between eigenstructure (eigenvalues
and eigenvectors) and latent structure (latent roots and latent vectors)
is established. In control theory eigenstructure is associated with
the state space description of a dynamic multi-variable system and
a latent structure is associated with its matrix fraction description.
Beginning with block controller and block observer state space forms
and moving on to any general state space form, we develop the
identities that relate eigenvectors and latent vectors in either direction.
Numerical examples illustrate this result. A brief discussion of the
potential of these identities in linear control system design follows.
Additionally, we present a consequent result: a quick and easy
method to solve the polynomial eigenvalue problem for regular matrix
polynomials.
Abstract: A generalized vortex lattice method for complex
lifting surfaces with flap and aileron deflection is formulated. The
method is not restricted by the linearized theory assumption and
accounts for all standard geometric lifting surface parameters:
camber, taper, sweep, washout, dihedral, in addition to flap and
aileron deflection. Thickness is not accounted for since the physical
lifting body is replaced by a lattice of panels located on the mean
camber surface. This panel lattice setup and the treatment of different
wake geometries is what distinguish the present work form the
overwhelming majority of previous solutions based on the vortex
lattice method. A MATLAB code implementing the proposed
formulation is developed and validated by comparing our results to
existing experimental and numerical ones and good agreement is
demonstrated. It is then used to study the accuracy of the widely used
classical vortex-lattice method. It is shown that the classical approach
gives good agreement in the clean configuration but is off by as much
as 30% when a flap or aileron deflection of 30° is imposed. This
discrepancy is mainly due the linearized theory assumption
associated with the conventional method. A comparison of the effect
of four different wake geometries on the values of aerodynamic
coefficients was also carried out and it is found that the choice of the
wake shape had very little effect on the results.
Abstract: The effect of various humidities on process yields and
degrees of crystallinity for spray-dried powders from spray drying of
lactose with humid air in a straight-through system have been
studied. It has been suggested by Williams–Landel–Ferry kinetics
(WLF) that a higher particle temperature and lower glass-transition
temperature would increase the crystallization rate of the particles
during the spray-drying process. Freshly humidified air produced by
a Buchi-B290 spray dryer as a humidifier attached to the main spray
dryer decreased the particle glass-transition temperature (Tg), while
allowing the particle temperature (Tp) to reach higher values by using
an insulated drying chamber. Differential scanning calorimetry
(DSC) and moisture sorption analysis were used to measure the
degree of crystallinity for the spray-dried lactose powders. The
results showed that higher Tp-Tg, as a result of applying humid air,
improved the process yield from 21 ± 4 to 26 ± 2% and crystallinity
of the particles by decreasing the latent heat of crystallization from
43 ± 1 to 30 ± 11 J/g and the sorption peak height from 7.3 ± 0.7% to
6 ± 0.7%.
Abstract: From an organizational perspective, leaders are a
variation of the same talent pool in that they all score a larger than
average value on the bell curve that maps leadership behaviors and
characteristics, namely competence, vision, communication,
confidence, cultural sensibility, stewardship, empowerment,
authenticity, reinforcement, and creativity. The question that remains
unanswered and essentially unresolved is how to explain the irony
that leaders are so much alike yet their organizations diverge so
noticeably in their ability to innovate. Leadership intersects with
innovation at the point where human interactions get exceedingly
complex and where certain paradoxical forces cohabit: conflict with
conciliation, sovereignty with interdependence, and imagination with
realism. Rather than accepting that leadership is without context, we
argue that leaders are specialists of their domain and that those
effective at leading for innovation are distinct within the broader pool
of leaders. Keeping in view the extensive literature on leadership and
innovation, we carried out a quantitative study with data collected
over a five-year period involving 240 participants from across five
dissimilar companies based in the United States. We found that while
innovation and leadership are, in general, strongly interrelated (r =
.89, p = 0.0), there are five qualities that set leaders apart on
innovation. These qualities include a large radius of trust, a restless
curiosity with a low need for acceptance, an honest sense of self and
other, a sense for knowledge and creativity as the yin and yang of
innovation, and an ability to use multiple senses in the engagement
with followers. When these particular behaviors and characteristics
are present in leaders, organizations out-innovate their rivals by a
margin of 29.3 per cent to gain an unassailable edge in a business
environment that is regularly disruptive. A strategic outcome of this
study is a psychometric scale named iLeadership, proposed with the
underlying evidence, limitations, and potential for leadership and
innovation in organizations.c
Abstract: Three dimensional non-Interlaced carbon fibre
reinforced silicon carbide (3-D-Cf/SiC) composites with pyrocarbon
interphase were fabricated using isothermal chemical vapor
infiltration (ICVI) combined with polymer impregnation pyrolysis
(PIP) process. Polysilazane (PSZ) is used as a preceramic polymer to
obtain silicon carbide matrix. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA),
Infrared spectroscopic analysis (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD)
analysis were carried out on PSZ pyrolysed at different temperatures
to understand the pyrolysis and obtaining the optimum pyrolysing
condition to yield β-SiC phase. The density of the composites was
1.94 g cm-3 after the 3-D carbon preform was SiC infiltrated for 280 h
with one intermediate polysilazane pre-ceramic PIP process.
Mechanical properties of the composite materials were investigated
under tensile, flexural, shear and impact loading. The values of
tensile strength were 200 MPa at room temperature (RT) and 195
MPa at 500°C in air. The average RT flexural strength was 243 MPa.
The lower flexural strength of these composites is because of the
porosity. The fracture toughness obtained from single edge notched
beam (SENB) technique was 39 MPa.m1/2. The work of fracture
obtained from the load-displacement curve of SENB test was 22.8
kJ.m-2. The composites exhibited excellent impact resistance and the
dynamic fracture toughness of 44.8 kJ.m-2 is achieved as determined
from instrumented Charpy impact test. The shear strength of the
composite was 93 MPa, which is significantly higher compared 2-D
Cf/SiC composites. Microstructure evaluation of fracture surfaces
revealed the signatures of fracture processes and showed good
support for the higher toughness obtained.
Abstract: Male factor infertility due to endocrine disturbances
such as abnormalities in prolactin levels are encountered in a
significant proportion. This case control study was carried out to
determine the effects of prolactin on the male reproductive tract,
using 200 male white rats. The rats were maintained as the control
group (G1), hypoprolactinaemic group (G2), 3 hyperprolactinaemic
groups induced using oral largactil (G3), low dose fluphenazine (G4)
and high dose fluphenazine (G5). After 100 days, rats were subjected
to serum prolactin (PRL) level measurements and for basic seminal
fluid analysis (BSA). The difference between serum PRL
concentrations of rats in G2, G3, G4 and G5 as compared to the
control group were highly significant by Student’s t-test (p
Abstract: Recently, to cope with the rapidly changing
construction trend with aging infrastructures, modular bridge
technology has been studied actively. Modular bridge is easily
constructed by assembling standardized precast structure members in
the field. It will be possible to construct rapidly and reduce
construction cost efficiently. However, the shape of the transverse
connection of T-type girder newly developed between the segmented
modules is not verified. Therefore, the verification of the connection
shape is needed. In this study, shape of the modular T-girder bridge
transverse connection was analyzed by finite element model that was
verified in study which was verified model of transverse connection
using Abaqus. Connection angle was chosen as the parameter. The
result of analyses showed that optimal value of angle is 130 degree.
Abstract: This paper presents the variation of the dynamic
characteristics of a spindle with the change of bearing preload. The
correlations between the variation of bearing preload and fundamental
modal parameters were first examined by conducting vibration tests on
physical spindle units. Experimental measurements show that the
dynamic compliance and damping ratio associated with the
dominating modes were affected to vary with variation of the bearing
preload. When the bearing preload was slightly deviated from a
standard value, the modal frequency and damping ability also vary to
different extent, which further enable the spindle to perform with
different compliance. For the spindle used in this study, a standard
preload value set on bearings would enable the spindle to behave a
higher stiffness as compared with others with a preload variation. This
characteristic can be served as a reference to examine the variation of
bearing preload of spindle in assemblage or operation.
Abstract: The fight against climate change and the replacement
of fossil energies nearing exhaustion gradually emerge as major
societal and economic challenges. It is possible to develop common
dates of low commercial value, and put on the local and international
market a new generation of products with high added values such as
bio ethanol. Besides its use in chemical synthesis, bio ethanol can be
blended with gasoline to produce a clean fuel while improving the
octane.
Abstract: Electronic market place plays an important
intermediary role for connecting dealers and retail customers. The
main aim of this paper is to design a value co-creation model in
used-car auctions. More specifically, the study has been designed in
order to describe the process of value co-creation in used-car auctions,
to explore the co-created values in used-car auctions, and finally
conclude the paper indicating the future research directions. Our
analysis shows that economic values as well as non-economic values
are co-created in used-car auctions. In addition, this paper contributes
to the academic society broadening the view of value co-creation in
service science.
Abstract: Bureaucracy reform program drives Indonesian
government to change their management to enhance their
organizational performance. Information technology became one of
strategic plan that organization tried to improve. Knowledge
management system is one of information system that supporting
knowledge management implementation in government which
categorized as people perspective, because this system has high
dependency in human interaction and participation. Strategic plan for
developing knowledge management system can be determine using
some of information system strategic methods. This research
conducted to define type of strategic method of information system,
stage of activity each method, strength and weakness. Literature
review methods used to identify and classify strategic methods of
information system, differentiate method type, categorize common
activities, strength and weakness. Result of this research are
determine and compare six strategic information system methods,
Balanced Scorecard and Risk Analysis believe as common strategic
method that usually used and have the highest excellence strength.
Abstract: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) trained using backpropagation
(BP) algorithm are commonly used for modeling
material behavior associated with non-linear, complex or unknown
interactions among the material constituents. Despite multidisciplinary
applications of back-propagation neural networks
(BPNN), the BP algorithm possesses the inherent drawback of
getting trapped in local minima and slowly converging to a global
optimum. The paper present a hybrid artificial neural networks and
genetic algorithm approach for modeling slump of ready mix
concrete based on its design mix constituents. Genetic algorithms
(GA) global search is employed for evolving the initial weights and
biases for training of neural networks, which are further fine tuned
using the BP algorithm. The study showed that, hybrid ANN-GA
model provided consistent predictions in comparison to commonly
used BPNN model. In comparison to BPNN model, the hybrid ANNGA
model was able to reach the desired performance goal quickly.
Apart from the modeling slump of ready mix concrete, the synaptic
weights of neural networks were harnessed for analyzing the relative
importance of concrete design mix constituents on the slump value.
The sand and water constituents of the concrete design mix were
found to exhibit maximum importance on the concrete slump value.