Abstract: Motion detection is very important in image
processing. One way of detecting motion is using optical flow.
Optical flow cannot be computed locally, since only one independent
measurement is available from the image sequence at a point, while
the flow velocity has two components. A second constraint is needed.
The method used for finding the optical flow in this project is
assuming that the apparent velocity of the brightness pattern varies
smoothly almost everywhere in the image. This technique is later
used in developing software for motion detection which has the
capability to carry out four types of motion detection. The motion
detection software presented in this project also can highlight motion
region, count motion level as well as counting object numbers. Many
objects such as vehicles and human from video streams can be
recognized by applying optical flow technique.
Abstract: According to the Auckland climate, building passive
design more focus on improving winter indoor thermal and health
conditions. Based on field study data of indoor air temperature and
relative humidity close to ceiling and floor of an insulated Auckland
townhouse with and without a whole home mechanical ventilation
system, this study is to analysis variation of indoor microclimate data
of an Auckland townhouse using or not using the mechanical
ventilation system to evaluate winter indoor thermal and health
conditions for the future house design with a mechanical ventilation
system.
Abstract: The use and management of projects has risen to
a new prominence, with projects seen as critical to economic in
both the private and public sectors due challenging and dynamic
business environment. However, failure in managing project is
encountered regularly, which cause the waste of company
resources. The impacts of projects that failed to meet
stakeholders expectations have left behind long lasting negative
consequences in organization. Therefore, this research aims to
investigate on key success factors of project management in an
organization. It is believed that recognizing important factors
that contribute to successful project will help companies to
increase the overall profitability. 150 questionnaires were
distributed to respondents and 110 questionnaires were collected
and used in performing the data analysis. The result has strongly
supported the relationship between independent variables and
project performance.
Abstract: Software organizations are constantly looking for
better solutions when designing and using well-defined software
processes for the development of their products and services.
However, while the technical aspects are virtually easier to arrange,
many software development processes lack more support on project
management issues. When adopting such processes, an organization
needs to apply good project management skills along with technical
views provided by those models. This research proposes the
definition of a new model that integrates the concepts of PMBOK
and those available on the OPEN metamodel, helping not only
process integration but also building the steps towards a more
comprehensive and automatable model.
Abstract: Vector quantization is a powerful tool for speech
coding applications. This paper deals with LPC Coding of speech
signals which uses a new technique called Multi Switched Split
Vector Quantization, This is a hybrid of two product code vector
quantization techniques namely the Multi stage vector quantization
technique, and Switched split vector quantization technique,. Multi
Switched Split Vector Quantization technique quantizes the linear
predictive coefficients in terms of line spectral frequencies. From
results it is proved that Multi Switched Split Vector Quantization
provides better trade off between bitrate and spectral distortion
performance, computational complexity and memory requirements
when compared to Switched Split Vector Quantization, Multi stage
vector quantization, and Split Vector Quantization techniques. By
employing the switching technique at each stage of the vector
quantizer the spectral distortion, computational complexity and
memory requirements were greatly reduced. Spectral distortion was
measured in dB, Computational complexity was measured in
floating point operations (flops), and memory requirements was
measured in (floats).
Abstract: The purpose of this work is to identify the positive and negative aspects of parties- participation in the country-s modernization, which in turn, will help a country to determine the necessary steps to improve the social-economic development. The article considers a question of the role of the dominating party of Kazakhstan and ruling party of China in the country-s modernization. Using a comparative analysis reveals differences between the People's Democratic Party “Nur Otan" and the Communist Party of China. It is discussed the policy of carrying out of modernization, the main actions of political parties of both countries with a view of modernization implementation.
Abstract: Dynamics of a vapour bubble generated due to a high local energy input near a circular thin bronze plate in the absence of the buoyancy forces is numerically investigated in this paper. The bubble is generated near a thin bronze plate and during the growth and collapse of the bubble, it deforms the nearby plate. The Boundary Integral Equation Method is employed for numerical simulation of the problem. The fluid is assumed to be incompressible, irrotational and inviscid and the surface tension on the bubble boundary is neglected. Therefore the fluid flow around the vapour bubble can be assumed as a potential flow. Furthermore, the thin bronze plate is assumed to have perfectly plastic behaviour. Results show that the displacement of the circular thin bronze plate has considerable effect on the dynamics of its nearby vapour bubble. It is found that by decreasing the thickness of the thin bronze plate, the growth and collapse rate of the bubble becomes higher and consequently the lifetime of the bubble becomes shorter.
Abstract: This paper is a part of research, in which the way the
biomedical engineers follow in their work is analyzed. The goal of
this paper is to present a method for specification of user
requirements in the medical devices maintenance process. Data
Gathering Methods, Research Model Phases and Descriptive
Analysis is presented. These technology and verification rules can be
implemented in Medical devices maintenance management process to
the maintenance process.
Abstract: Droplet size distributions in the cold spray of a fuel
are important in observed combustion behavior. Specification of
droplet size and velocity distributions in the immediate downstream
of injectors is also essential as boundary conditions for advanced
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and two-phase spray transport
calculations. This paper describes the development of a new model to
be incorporated into maximum entropy principle (MEP) formalism
for prediction of droplet size distribution in droplet formation region.
The MEP approach can predict the most likely droplet size and
velocity distributions under a set of constraints expressing the
available information related to the distribution.
In this article, by considering the mechanisms of turbulence
generation inside the nozzle and wave growth on jet surface, it is
attempted to provide a logical framework coupling the flow inside the
nozzle to the resulting atomization process. The purpose of this paper
is to describe the formulation of this new model and to incorporate it
into the maximum entropy principle (MEP) by coupling sub-models
together using source terms of momentum and energy. Comparison
between the model prediction and experimental data for a gas turbine
swirling nozzle and an annular spray indicate good agreement
between model and experiment.
Abstract: We report in this paper the model adopted by our
system of continuous speech recognition in Arab language SySRA
and the results obtained until now. This system uses the database
Arabdic-10 which is a corpus of word for the Arab language and
which was manually segmented. Phonetic decoding is represented
by an expert system where the knowledge base is translated in the
form of production rules. This expert system transforms a vocal
signal into a phonetic lattice. The higher level of the system takes
care of the recognition of the lattice thus obtained by deferring it in
the form of written sentences (orthographical Form). This level
contains initially the lexical analyzer which is not other than the
module of recognition. We subjected this analyzer to a set of
spectrograms obtained by dictating a score of sentences in Arab
language. The rate of recognition of these sentences is about 70%
which is, to our knowledge, the best result for the recognition of the
Arab language. The test set consists of twenty sentences from four
speakers not having taken part in the training.
Abstract: We theoretically investigate the effects of frequency
detuning and injection power on the nonlinear dynamics of DFB
lasers under dual external optical injection.
Abstract: A passive system "Qanat" is collection of some
underground wells. A mother-well was dug in a place far from the
city where they could reach to the water table maybe 100 meters
underground, they dug other wells to direct water toward the city,
with minimum possible gradient. Using the slope of the earth they
could bring water close to the surface in the city. The source of water
or the appearance of Qanat, land slope and the ownership lines are
the important and effective factors in the formation of routes and the
segment division of lands to the extent that making use of Qanat as
the techniques of extracting underground waters creates a channel of
routes with an organic order and hierarchy coinciding the slope of
land and it also guides the Qanat waters in the tradition texture of salt
desert and border provinces of it. Qanats are excavated in a specified
distinction from each other. The quantity of water provided by
Qanats depends on the kind of land, distance from mountain,
geographical situation of them and the rate of water supply from the
underground land. The rate of underground waters, possibility of
Qanat excavation, number of Qanats and rate of their water supply
from one hand and the quantity of cultivable fertile lands from the
other hand are the important natural factors making the size of cities.
In the same manner the cities with several Qanats have multi central
textures. The location of cities is in direct relation with land quality,
soil fertility and possibility of using underground water by excavating
Qanats. Observing the allowable distance for Qanat watering is a
determining factor for distance between villages and cities.
Topography, land slope, soil quality, watering system, ownership,
kind of cultivation, etc. are the effective factors in directing Qanats
for excavation and guiding water toward the cultivable lands and it
also causes the formation of different textures in land division of
farming provinces. Several divisions such as orderly and wide, inorderly,
thin and long, comb like, etc. are the introduction to organic
order. And at the same time they are complete coincidence with
environmental conditions in the typical development of ecological
architecture and planning in the traditional cities and settlements
order.
Abstract: This study aims to segment objects using the K-means
algorithm for texture features. Firstly, the algorithm transforms color
images into gray images. This paper describes a novel technique for
the extraction of texture features in an image. Then, in a group of
similar features, objects and backgrounds are differentiated by using
the K-means algorithm. Finally, this paper proposes a new object
segmentation algorithm using the morphological technique. The
experiments described include the segmentation of single and multiple
objects featured in this paper. The region of an object can be
accurately segmented out. The results can help to perform image
retrieval and analyze features of an object, as are shown in this paper.
Abstract: In this paper, a novel scheme is proposed for ownership identification and authentication using color images by deploying Cryptography and Digital Watermarking as underlaying technologies. The former is used to compute the contents based hash and the latter to embed the watermark. The host image that will claim to be the rightful owner is first transformed from RGB to YST color space exclusively designed for watermarking based applications. Geometrically YS ÔèÑ T and T channel corresponds to the chrominance component of color image, therefore suitable for embedding the watermark. The T channel is divided into 4×4 nonoverlapping blocks. The size of block is important for enhanced localization, security and low computation. Each block along with ownership information is then deployed by SHA160, a one way hash function to compute the content based hash, which is always unique and resistant against birthday attack instead of using MD5 that may raise the condition i.e. H(m)=H(m'). The watermark payload varies from block to block and computed by the variance factorα . The quality of watermarked images is quite high both subjectively and objectively. Our scheme is blind, computationally fast and exactly locates the tampered region.
Abstract: In this research, we study a control method of a multivehicle
system while considering the limitation of communication
range for each vehicles. When we control networked vehicles with
limitation of communication range, it is important to control the
communication network structure of a multi-vehicle system in order
to keep the network-s connectivity. From this, we especially aim to
control the network structure to the target structure. We formulate
the networked multi-vehicle system with some disturbance and the
communication constraints as a hybrid dynamical system, and then
we study the optimal control problems of the system. It is shown
that the system converge to the objective network structure in finite
time when the system is controlled by the receding horizon method.
Additionally, the optimal control probrems are convertible into the
mixed integer problems and these problems are solvable by some
branch and bound algorithm.
Abstract: Recent developments in Soft computing techniques,
power electronic switches and low-cost computational hardware have
made it possible to design and implement sophisticated control
strategies for sensorless speed control of AC motor drives. Such an
attempt has been made in this work, for Sensorless Speed Control of
Induction Motor (IM) by means of Direct Torque Fuzzy Control
(DTFC), PI-type fuzzy speed regulator and MRAS speed estimator
strategy, which is absolutely nonlinear in its nature. Direct torque
control is known to produce quick and robust response in AC drive
system. However, during steady state, torque, flux and current ripple
occurs. So, the performance of conventional DTC with PI speed
regulator can be improved by implementing fuzzy logic techniques.
Certain important issues in design including the space vector
modulated (SVM) 3-Ф voltage source inverter, DTFC design,
generation of reference torque using PI-type fuzzy speed regulator
and sensor less speed estimator have been resolved. The proposed
scheme is validated through extensive numerical simulations on
MATLAB. The simulated results indicate the sensor less speed
control of IM with DTFC and PI-type fuzzy speed regulator provides
satisfactory high dynamic and static performance compare to
conventional DTC with PI speed regulator.
Abstract: In this work social stratification is considered as one
of significant factor which generate the phenomena “terrorism” and it
puts the accent on correlation connection between them, with the
object of creation info-logical model generation of phenomena of
“terrorism” based on stratification process.
Abstract: The coastal sediments of West Port of Malaysia was monitored from Nov. 2009 to Oct. 2010 to assess spatial distribution of heavy metals As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Zn and Pb. Sediment samples were collected from 10 stations in dry and rainy season in West Port. The range concentrations measured (Mg/g dry weight ) were from 23.4 to 98.3 for Zn, 22.3 to 80 for Pb, 7.4 to 27.6 Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 20.2 to 162 for As, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg and 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr. The geochemical indexes used in this study were Geoaccumulation (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI); these indexes were used to evaluate the levels of sediment contaminations. The results of these indexes show that, the status of West Port sediment quality are moderately polluted by heavy metals except in arsenic which shows the high level of pollution.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of the
intervention of exercise behavior change plan for high school students
on study subjects- social and psychological factors and exercise
stages. This research uses the transtheoretical model as the research
framework. One experiment group and one control group were used in
a quasi-experimental design research. The experimental group
accepted health-related physical fitness course and the traditional
course; the control group accepted traditional physical education
course. There is a significant difference before and after the
intervention in the experimental group. Karl-s test shows the
experimental group gained a better improvement than that in the
control group. The Analysis of Covariance had shown the exercise
stages (F=7.62, p
Abstract: Power consumption of nodes in ad hoc networks is a
critical issue as they predominantly operate on batteries. In order to
improve the lifetime of an ad hoc network, all the nodes must be
utilized evenly and the power required for connections must be
minimized. In this project a link layer algorithm known as Power
Aware medium Access Control (PAMAC) protocol is proposed
which enables the network layer to select a route with minimum total
power requirement among the possible routes between a source and a
destination provided all nodes in the routes have battery capacity
above a threshold. When the battery capacity goes below a
predefined threshold, routes going through these nodes will be
avoided and these nodes will act only as source and destination.
Further, the first few nodes whose battery power drained to the set
threshold value are pushed to the exterior part of the network and the
nodes in the exterior are brought to the interior. Since less total
power is required to forward packets for each connection. The
network layer protocol AOMDV is basically an extension to the
AODV routing protocol. AOMDV is designed to form multiple
routes to the destination and it also avoid the loop formation so that it
reduces the unnecessary congestion to the channel. In this project, the
performance of AOMDV is evaluated using PAMAC as a MAC layer
protocol and the average power consumption, throughput and
average end to end delay of the network are calculated and the results
are compared with that of the other network layer protocol AODV.