Abstract: In this paper, to resolve the problem of existing
schemes, an alternative fast handover Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)
scheme using the IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover (MIH)
function is proposed for heterogeneous wireless networks. The proposed
scheme comes to support fast handover for the mobile node
(MN) irrespective of the presence or absence of MIH functionality
as well as L3 mobility functionality, whereas the MN in existing
schemes has to implement MIH functionality. That is, the proposed
scheme does not require the MN to be involved in MIH related signaling
required for handover procedure. The base station (BS) with MIH
functionality performs handover on behalf of the MN. Therefore, the
proposed scheme can reduce burden and power consumption of MNs
with limited resource and battery power since MNs are not required
to be involved for the handover procedure. In addition, the proposed
scheme can reduce considerably traffic overhead over wireless links
between MN and BS since signaling messages are reduced.
Abstract: In this paper the behavior of fixed series compensated
extra high voltage transmission lines during faults is simulated. Many
over-voltage protection schemes for series capacitors are limited in
terms of size and performance, and are easily affected by
environmental conditions. While the need for more compact and
environmentally robust equipment is required. use of series
capacitors for compensating part of the inductive reactance of long
transmission lines increases the power transmission capacity.
Emphasis is given on the impact of modern capacitor protection
techniques (MOV protection). The simulation study is performed
using MATLAB/SIMULINK®and results are given for a three phase
and a single phase to ground fault.
Abstract: This research deals with techno economic analysis to select the most economic desalination method for Asalouyeh combined cycle power plant . Due to lack of fresh water, desalination of sea water is necessary to provide required DM water of Power Plant. The most common desalination methods are RO, MSF, MED, and MED–TVC. In this research, methods of RO, MED, and MED– TVC have been compared. Simulation results show that recovery of heat of exhaust gas of main stack is optimum case for providing DM water required for injected steam of MED desalination. This subject is very important because of improving thermal efficiency of power plant using extra heat recovery. Also, it has been shown that by adding 3 rows of finned tube to de-aerator evaporator, which is very simple and low cost, required steam for generating 5200 m3/day of desalinated water is obtainable.
Abstract: Recently, neural networks have shown good
results for detection of a certain pattern in a given image. In
our previous papers [1-5], a fast algorithm for pattern
detection using neural networks was presented. Such
algorithm was designed based on cross correlation in the
frequency domain between the input image and the weights
of neural networks. Image conversion into symmetric shape
was established so that fast neural networks can give the
same results as conventional neural networks. Another
configuration of symmetry was suggested in [3,4] to improve
the speed up ratio. In this paper, our previous algorithm for
fast neural networks is developed. The frequency domain
cross correlation is modified in order to compensate for the
symmetric condition which is required by the input image.
Two new ideas are introduced to modify the cross correlation
algorithm. Both methods accelerate the speed of the fast
neural networks as there is no need for converting the input
image into symmetric one as previous. Theoretical and
practical results show that both approaches provide faster
speed up ratio than the previous algorithm.
Abstract: In a product development process, understanding the functional behavior of the system, the role of components in achieving functions and failure modes if components/subsystem fails its required function will help develop appropriate design validation and verification program for reliability assessment. The integration of these three issues will help design and reliability engineers in identifying weak spots in design and planning future actions and testing program. This case study demonstrate the advantage of unascertained theory described in the subjective cognition uncertainty, and then applies blind number (BN) theory in describing the uncertainty of the mechanical system failure process and the same time used the same theory in bringing out another mechanical reliability system model. The practical calculations shows the BN Model embodied the characters of simply, small account of calculation but betterforecasting capability, which had the value of macroscopic discussion to some extent.
Abstract: In this paper, we have developed a method to
compute fractal dimension (FD) of discrete time signals, in the
time domain, by modifying the box-counting method. The size
of the box is dependent on the sampling frequency of the
signal. The number of boxes required to completely cover the
signal are obtained at multiple time resolutions. The time
resolutions are made coarse by decimating the signal. The loglog
plot of total number of boxes required to cover the curve
versus size of the box used appears to be a straight line, whose
slope is taken as an estimate of FD of the signal. The results
are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed
method using parametric fractal signals. The estimation
accuracy of the method is compared with that of Katz, Sevcik,
and Higuchi methods. In addition, some properties of the FD
are discussed.
Abstract: The city of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, provides a number of examples of how a growing city can integrate urban planning and water planning to achieve sustainable urban development, environmental protection, liveability and integrated water management outcomes, and move towards becoming a “Water Sensitive City". Three examples are provided - the development at Botanic Ridge, where a 318 hectare residential development is being planned and where integrated water management options are being implemented using a “triple bottom line" sustainability investment approach; the Toolern development, which will capture and reuse stormwater and recycled water to greatly reduce the suburb-s demand for potable water, and the development at Kalkallo where a 1,200 hectare industrial precinct development is planned which will merge design of the development's water supply, sewerage services and stormwater system. The Paper argues that an integrated urban planning and water planning approach is fundamental to creating liveable, vibrant communities which meet social and financial needs while being in harmony with the local environment. Further work is required on developing investment frameworks and risk analysis frameworks to ensure that all possible solutions can be assessed equally.
Abstract: This paper describes a methodology for remote
performance monitoring of retail refrigeration systems. The proposed
framework starts with monitoring of the whole refrigeration circuit
which allows detecting deviations from expected behavior caused by
various faults and degradations. The subsequent diagnostics methods
drill down deeper in the equipment hierarchy to more specifically
determine root causes. An important feature of the proposed concept
is that it does not require any additional sensors, and thus, the
performance monitoring solution can be deployed at a low
installation cost. Moreover only a minimum of contextual
information is required, which also substantially reduces time and
cost of the deployment process.
Abstract: To extract the important physiological factors related to
diabetes from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) by mathematical
modeling, highly informative but convenient protocols are required.
Current models require a large number of samples and extended
period of testing, which is not practical for daily use. The purpose
of this study is to make model assessments possible even from a
reduced number of samples taken over a relatively short period.
For this purpose, test values were extrapolated using a support
vector machine. A good correlation was found between reference and
extrapolated values in evaluated 741 OGTTs. This result indicates
that a reduction in the number of clinical test is possible through a
computational approach.
Abstract: The explosive growth of World Wide Web has posed
a challenging problem in extracting relevant data. Traditional web
crawlers focus only on the surface web while the deep web keeps
expanding behind the scene. Deep web pages are created
dynamically as a result of queries posed to specific web databases.
The structure of the deep web pages makes it impossible for
traditional web crawlers to access deep web contents. This paper,
Deep iCrawl, gives a novel and vision-based approach for extracting
data from the deep web. Deep iCrawl splits the process into two
phases. The first phase includes Query analysis and Query translation
and the second covers vision-based extraction of data from the
dynamically created deep web pages. There are several established
approaches for the extraction of deep web pages but the proposed
method aims at overcoming the inherent limitations of the former.
This paper also aims at comparing the data items and presenting them
in the required order.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a futureoriented
human work environment and organizational activity in
deep mines that entails a vision of good and safe workplace. Futureoriented
technological challenges and mental images required for
modern work organization design were appraised. It is argued that an
intelligent-deep-mine covering the entire value chain, including
environmental issues and with work organization that supports good
working and social conditions towards increased human productivity
could be designed. With such intelligent system and work
organization in place, the mining industry could be seen as a place
where cooperation, skills development and gender equality are key
components. By this perspective, both the youth and women might
view mining activity as an attractive job and the work environment
as a safe, and this could go a long way in breaking the unequal
gender balance that exists in most mines today.
Abstract: The effect of the number of quantum dot (QD) layers
on the saturated gain of doped QD semiconductor optical amplifiers
(SOAs) has been studied using multi-population coupled rate
equations. The developed model takes into account the effect of
carrier coupling between adjacent layers. It has been found that
increasing the number of QD layers (K) increases the unsaturated
optical gain for K
Abstract: In this paper parametric analytical studies have been carried out to examine the intrinsic flow physics pertaining to the liftoff time of solid propellant rockets. Idealized inert simulators of solid rockets are selected for numerical studies to examining the preignition chamber dynamics. Detailed diagnostic investigations have been carried out using an unsteady two-dimensional k-omega turbulence model. We conjectured from the numerical results that the altered variations of the igniter jet impingement angle, turbulence level, time and location of the first ignition, flame spread characteristics, the overall chamber dynamics including the boundary layer growth history are having bearing on the time for nozzle flow chocking for establishing the required thrust for the rocket liftoff. We concluded that the altered flow choking time of strap-on motors with the pre-determined identical ignition time at the lift off phase will lead to the malfunctioning of the rocket. We also concluded that, in the light of the space debris, an error in predicting the liftoff time can lead to an unfavorable launch window amounts the satellite injection errors and/or the mission failures.
Abstract: Bus networks design is an important problem in
public transportation. The main step to this design, is determining the
number of required terminals and their locations. This is an especial
type of facility location problem, a large scale combinatorial
optimization problem that requires a long time to be solved.
The genetic algorithm (GA) is a search and optimization technique
which works based on evolutionary principle of natural
chromosomes. Specifically, the evolution of chromosomes due to the
action of crossover, mutation and natural selection of chromosomes
based on Darwin's survival-of-the-fittest principle, are all artificially
simulated to constitute a robust search and optimization procedure.
In this paper, we first state the problem as a mixed integer
programming (MIP) problem. Then we design a new crossover and
mutation for bus terminal location problem (BTLP). We tested the
different parameters of genetic algorithm (for a sample problem) and
obtained the optimal parameters for solving BTLP with numerical try
and error.
Abstract: Energy intensity(energy consumption intensity) is a
global index which computes the required energy for producing a
specific value of goods and services in each country. It is computed
in terms of initial energy supply or final energy consumption. In this
study (research) Divisia method is used to decompose energy
consumption and energy intensity. This method decomposes
consumption and energy intensity to production effects, structural
and net intensity and could be done as time series or two-periodical.
This study analytically investigates consumption changes and energy
intensity on economical sectors of Iran and more specific on road
transportation(rail road and road).Our results show that the
contribution of structural effect (change in economical activities
combination) is very low and the effect of net energy consumption
has the higher contribution in consumption changes and energy
intensity. In other words, the high consumption of energy is due to
Intensity of energy consumption and is not to structural effect of
transportation sector.
Abstract: This is an applied research to propose the method for
price quotation for a contract electronics manufacturer. It has had a
precise price quoting method but such method could not quickly
provide a result as the customer required. This reduces the ability of
company to compete in this kind of business. In this case, the cause
of long time quotation process was analyzed. A lot of product
features have been demanded by customer. By checking routine
processes, it was found that high fraction of quoting time was used
for production time estimating which has effected to the
manufacturing or production cost. Then the historical data of
products including types, number of components, assembling
method, and their assembling time were used to analyze the key
components affecting to production time. The price quoting model
then was proposed. The implementation of proposed model was able
to remarkably reduce quoting time with an acceptable required
precision.
Abstract: In the present paper, we use generalized B-Spline curve in trigonometric form on circular domain, to capture the transcendental nature of circle involute curve and uncertainty characteristic of design. The required involute curve get generated within the given tolerance limit and is useful in gear design.
Abstract: Vehicle which are turning or maneuvering at high speeds
are susceptible to sliding and subsequently deviate from desired path. In
this paper the dynamics governing the Yaw/Roll behavior of a vehicle
has been simulated. Two different simulations have been used one for
the real vehicle, for which a fuzzy controller is designed to increase its
directional stability property. The other simulation is for a hypothetical
vehicle with much higher tire cornering stiffness which is capable of
developing the required lateral forces at the tire-ground patch contact to
attain the desired lateral acceleration for the vehicle to follow the
desired path without slippage. This simulation model is our reference
model.
The logic for keeping the vehicle on the desired track in the cornering
or maneuvering state is to have some braking forces on the inner or
outer tires based on the direction of vehicle deviation from the desired
path. The inputs to our vehicle simulation model is steer angle δ and
vehicle velocity V , and the outputs can be any kinematical parameters
like yaw rate, yaw acceleration, side slip angle, rate of side slip angle
and so on. The proposed fuzzy controller is a feed forward controller.
This controller has two inputs which are steer angle δ and vehicle
velocity V, and the output of the controller is the correcting moment M,
which guides the vehicle back to the desired track. To develop the
membership functions for the controller inputs and output and the fuzzy
rules, the vehicle simulation has been run for 1000 times and the
correcting moment have been determined by trial and error. Results of
the vehicle simulation with fuzzy controller are very promising
and show the vehicle performance is enhanced greatly over the
vehicle without the controller. In fact the vehicle performance
with the controller is very near the performance of the reference
ideal model.
Abstract: Simultaneous transient conduction and radiation heat
transfer with heat generation is investigated. Analysis is carried out
for both steady and unsteady situations. two-dimensional gray
cylindrical enclosure with an absorbing, emitting, and isotropically
scattering medium is considered. Enclosure boundaries are assumed
at specified temperatures. The heat generation rate is considered
uniform and constant throughout the medium. The lattice Boltzmann
method (LBM) was used to solve the energy equation of a transient
conduction-radiation heat transfer problem. The control volume finite
element method (CVFEM) was used to compute the radiative
information. To study the compatibility of the LBM for the energy
equation and the CVFEM for the radiative transfer equation, transient
conduction and radiation heat transfer problems in 2-D cylindrical
geometries were considered. In order to establish the suitability of the
LBM, the energy equation of the present problem was also solved
using the the finite difference method (FDM) of the computational
fluid dynamics. The CVFEM used in the radiative heat transfer was
employed to compute the radiative information required for the
solution of the energy equation using the LBM or the FDM (of the
CFD). To study the compatibility and suitability of the LBM for the
solution of energy equation and the CVFEM for the radiative
information, results were analyzed for the effects of various
parameters such as the boundary emissivity. The results of the LBMCVFEM
combination were found to be in excellent agreement with
the FDM-CVFEM combination. The number of iterations and the
steady state temperature in both of the combinations were found
comparable. Results are found for situations with and without heat
generation. Heat generation is found to have significant bearing on
temperature distribution.
Abstract: With the enormous growth on the web, users get easily
lost in the rich hyper structure. Thus developing user friendly and
automated tools for providing relevant information without any
redundant links to the users to cater to their needs is the primary task
for the website owners. Most of the existing web mining algorithms
have concentrated on finding frequent patterns while neglecting the
less frequent one that are likely to contain the outlying data such as
noise, irrelevant and redundant data. This paper proposes new
algorithm for mining the web content by detecting the redundant
links from the web documents using set theoretical(classical
mathematics) such as subset, union, intersection etc,. Then the
redundant links is removed from the original web content to get the
required information by the user..