Abstract: Wireless Sensor networks have a wide spectrum of civil and military applications that call for secure communication such as the terrorist tracking, target surveillance in hostile environments. For the secure communication in these application areas, we propose a method for generating a hierarchical key structure for the efficient group key management. In this paper, we apply A* algorithm in generating a hierarchical key structure by considering the history data of the ratio of addition and eviction of sensor nodes in a location where sensor nodes are deployed. Thus generated key tree structure provides an efficient way of managing the group key in terms of energy consumption when addition and eviction event occurs. A* algorithm tries to minimize the number of messages needed for group key management by the history data. The experimentation with the tree shows efficiency of the proposed method.
Abstract: This paper describes a three-dimensional thermal
model of the current path included in the low voltage power circuit
breakers. The model can be used to analyse the thermal behaviour of
the current path during both steady-state and transient conditions.
The current path lengthwise temperature distribution and timecurrent
characteristic of the terminal connections of the power circuit
breaker have been obtained. The influence of the electric current and
voltage drop on main electric contact of the circuit breaker has been
investigated. To validate the three-dimensional thermal model, some
experimental tests have been done. There is a good correlation
between experimental and simulation results.
Abstract: Productivity has been one of the major concerns with the increasingly high cost of software development. Choosing the right development language with high productivity is one approach to reduce development costs. Working on the large database with 4106 projects ever developed, we found the factors significant to productivity. After the removal of the effects of other factors on productivity, we compare the productivity differences of the ten general development programs. The study supports the fact that fourth-generation languages are more productive than thirdgeneration languages.
Abstract: The demand for higher performance graphics
continues to grow because of the incessant desire towards realism.
And, rapid advances in fabrication technology have enabled us to
build several processor cores on a single die. Hence, it is important to
develop single chip parallel architectures for such data-intensive
applications. In this paper, we propose an efficient PIM architectures
tailored for computer graphics which requires a large number of
memory accesses. We then address the two important tasks necessary
for maximally exploiting the parallelism provided by the architecture,
namely, partitioning and placement of graphic data, which affect
respectively load balances and communication costs. Under the
constraints of uniform partitioning, we develop approaches for optimal
partitioning and placement, which significantly reduce search space.
We also present heuristics for identifying near-optimal placement,
since the search space for placement is impractically large despite our
optimization. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of our partitioning
and placement approaches via analysis of example scenes; simulation
results show considerable search space reductions, and our heuristics
for placement performs close to optimal – the average ratio of
communication overheads between our heuristics and the optimal was
1.05. Our uniform partitioning showed average load-balance ratio of
1.47 for geometry processing and 1.44 for rasterization, which is
reasonable.
Abstract: Fire disaster is the major factor to endanger the public
and environmental safety. People lost their life during fire disaster
mainly be attributed to the dense smoke and toxic gas under
combustion, which hinder the escape of people and the rescue of
firefighters under fire disaster. The smoke suppression effect of
several transitional metals oxide on the epoxy resin treated with
intumescent flame retardant and titanate couple agent
(EP/IFR/Titanate) system have been investigated. The results showed
manganese dioxide has great effect on reducing the smoke density rate
(SDR) of EP/IFR/Titanate system; however it has little effect to reduce
the maximum smoke density (MSD) of EP/IFR/Titanate system.
Copper oxide can decrease the maximum smoke density (MSD) and
smoke density rate of EP/IFR/Titanate system substantially. The MSD
and SDR of EP/IFR/Titanate system can reduce 20.3% and 39.1%
respectively when 2% of copper oxide is introduced.
Abstract: The special and unique advantages of explosive
forming, has developed its use in different industries. Considering the
important influence of improving the current explosive forming
techniques on increasing the efficiency and control over the
explosive forming procedure, the effects of air and water as the
energy-conveying medium, and also their differences will be
illustrated in this paper. Hence, a large number of explosive forming
tests have been conducted on two sizes of thin walled cylindrical
shells by using air and water as the working medium. Comparative
diagrams of the maximum radial deflection of work-pieces of the
same size, as a function of the scaled distance, show that for the
points with the same values of scaled distance, the maximum radial
deformation caused by the under water explosive loading is 4 to 5
times more than the deflection of the shells under explosive forming,
while using air. Results of this experimental research have also been
compared with other studies which show that using water as the
energy conveying media increases the efficiency up to 4.8 times. The
effect of the media on failure modes of the shells, and the necking
mechanism of the walls of the specimens, while being explosively
loaded, are also discussed in this issue. Measuring the tested
specimens shows that, the increase in the internal volume has been
accompanied by necking of the walls, which finally results in the
radial rupture of the structure.
Abstract: Rural villagers in Thailand have unique skill for producing craft using local materials. However, the appearance and function of their products are not suited to the demand of international market. The Thai government policy on sustainable economy emphasises the necessity to incorporate a design strategy that will draw out the unique qualities and add value to the products, while raising the satisfaction of international consumer. As an industrial designer, the author sees opportunities that design can enhance sustainability of Thai local products through the potentials that available in village-based enterprises. This research attempts to address, how best use design to practically solve the problems in the development of Thais product in. The privilege solution is expressed through the design of design strategy that supports sustain economic development of microenterprise in Thailand in the way that aligns with product design development. This consideration integrates together with global business outlook in the development of products from rural communities.
Abstract: Only recently have water ethics received focused interest in the international water community. Because water is metabolically basic to life, an ethical dimension persists in every decision related to water. Water ethics at once express human society-s approach to water and act as guidelines for behaviour. Ideas around water are often implicit and embedded as assumptions. They can be entrenched in behaviour and difficult to contest because they are difficult to “see". By explicitly revealing the ethical ideas underlying water-related decisions, human society-s relationship with water, and with natural systems of which water is part, can be contested and shifted or be accepted with conscious intention by human society. In recent decades, improved understanding of water-s importance for ecosystem functioning and ecological services for human survival is moving us beyond this growth-driven, supplyfocused management paradigm. Environmental ethics challenge this paradigm by extending the ethical sphere to the environment and thus water or water Resources management per se. An ethical approach is a legitimate, important, and often ignored approach to effect change in environmental decision making. This qualitative research explores principles of water ethics and examines the underlying ethical precepts of selected water policy examples. The constructed water ethic principles act as a set of criteria against which a policy comparison can be established. This study shows that water Resources management is a progressive issue by embracing full public participation and a new planning model, and knowledgegeneration initiatives.
Abstract: The rapidly increasing costs of power line extensions
and fossil fuel, combined with the desire to reduce carbon dioxide
emissions pushed the development of hybrid power system suited for
remote locations, the purpose in mind being that of autonomous local
power systems. The paper presents the suggested solution for a “high
penetration" hybrid power system, it being determined by the
location of the settlement and its “zero policy" on carbon dioxide
emissions. The paper focuses on the technical solution and the power
flow management algorithm of the system, taking into consideration
local conditions of development.
Abstract: Using efficient classification methods is necessary for automatic fingerprint recognition system. This paper introduces a new structural approach to fingerprint classification by using the directional image of fingerprints to increase the number of subclasses. In this method, the directional image of fingerprints is segmented into regions consisting of pixels with the same direction. Afterwards the relational graph to the segmented image is constructed and according to it, the super graph including prominent information of this graph is formed. Ultimately we apply a matching technique to compare obtained graph with the model graphs in order to classify fingerprints by using cost function. Increasing the number of subclasses with acceptable accuracy in classification and faster processing in fingerprints recognition, makes this system superior.
Abstract: In this paper we propose a multi-agent architecture for web information retrieval using fuzzy logic based result fusion mechanism. The model is designed in JADE framework and takes advantage of JXTA agent communication method to allow agent communication through firewalls and network address translators. This approach enables developers to build and deploy P2P applications through a unified medium to manage agent-based document retrieval from multiple sources.
Abstract: Due to today-s turbulent environment, manufacturing resources, particularly in assembly, must be reconfigured frequently. These reconfigurations are caused by various, partly cyclic, influencing factors. Hence, it is important to evaluate the innovation ability - the capability of resources to implement innovations quickly and efficiently without large expense - of manufacturing resources. For this purpose, a new methodology is presented in this article. Within the methodology, design structure matrices and graph theory are used. The results of the methodology include different indices to evaluate the innovation ability of the manufacturing resources. Due to the cyclicity of the influencing factors, the methodology can be used to synchronize the realization of adaptations.
Abstract: Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy is the first
cognitive behavior therapy which was introduced by Albert Ellis.
This is a systematic and structured psychotherapy which is effective
in treating various psychological problems. A patient, 25 years old
male, experienced intense fear and situational panic attack to return
to his faculty and to face his class-mates after a long absence (2
years). This social anxiety disorder was a major factor that impeded
the progress of his study. He was treated with the use of behavioural
technique such as relaxation breathing technique and cognitive
techniques such as imagery, cognitive restructuring, rationalization
technique and systematic desensitization. The patient reported
positive improvement in the anxiety disorder, able to progress well in
studies and lead a better quality of life as a student.
Abstract: The SOM has several beneficial features which make
it a useful method for data mining. One of the most important
features is the ability to preserve the topology in the projection.
There are several measures that can be used to quantify the goodness
of the map in order to obtain the optimal projection, including the
average quantization error and many topological errors. Many
researches have studied how the topology preservation should be
measured. One option consists of using the topographic error which
considers the ratio of data vectors for which the first and second best
BMUs are not adjacent. In this work we present a study of the
behaviour of the topographic error in different kinds of maps. We
have found that this error devaluates the rectangular maps and we
have studied the reasons why this happens. Finally, we suggest a new
topological error to improve the deficiency of the topographic error.
Abstract: There are several means to measure the oxidation of edible oils, such as the acid value, the peroxide value, and the anisidine value. However, these means require large quantities of reagents and are time-consuming tasks. Therefore, a more convenient and time-saving way to measure the oxidation of edible oils is required. In this report, an edible oil condition sensor was fabricated by using single-walled nanotubes (SWNT). In order to test the sensor, oxidized edible oils, each one at a different acid value, were prepared. The SWNT sensors were immersed into these oxidized oils and the resistance changes in the sensors were measured. It was found that the conductivity of the sensors decreased as the oxidation level of oil increased. This result suggests that a change of the oil components induced by the oxidation process in edible oils is related to the conductivity change in the SWNT sensor.
Abstract: Optimizing equipment selection in heavy earthwork
operations is a critical key in the success of any construction project.
The objective of this research incentive was geared towards
developing a computer model to assist contractors and construction
managers in estimating the cost of heavy earthwork operations.
Economical operation analysis was conducted for an equipment fleet
taking into consideration the owning and operating costs involved in
earthwork operations. The model is being developed in a Microsoft
environment and is capable of being integrated with other estimating
and optimization models. In this study, Caterpillar® Performance
Handbook [5] was the main resource used to obtain specifications of
selected equipment. The implementation of the model shall give
optimum selection of equipment fleet not only based on cost
effectiveness but also in terms of versatility. To validate the model, a
case study of an actual dam construction project was selected to
quantify its degree of accuracy.
Abstract: The paper outlines the drivers behind the movement
from products to solutions in the Hi-Tech Business-to-Business
markets. The paper lists out the challenges in enabling the
transformation from products to solutions and also attempts to explore
strategic and operational recommendations based on the authors-
factual experiences with Japanese Hi-tech manufacturing
organizations. Organizations in the Hi-Tech Business-to-Business
markets are increasingly being compelled to move to a solutions model
from the conventional products model. Despite the added complexity
of solutions, successful technology commercialization can be achieved
by making prudent choices in defining a relevant solutions model, by
backing the solution model through appropriate organizational design,
and by overhauling the new product development process and
supporting infrastructure.
Abstract: In this paper a way of hiding text message (Steganography) in the gray image has been presented. In this method tried to find binary value of each character of text message and then in the next stage, tried to find dark places of gray image (black) by converting the original image to binary image for labeling each object of image by considering on 8 connectivity. Then these images have been converted to RGB image in order to find dark places. Because in this way each sequence of gray color turns into RGB color and dark level of grey image is found by this way if the Gary image is very light the histogram must be changed manually to find just dark places. In the final stage each 8 pixels of dark places has been considered as a byte and binary value of each character has been put in low bit of each byte that was created manually by dark places pixels for increasing security of the main way of steganography (LSB).
Abstract: This paper tests the level of market integration between Malaysia and Singapore stock markets with the world market. Kalman Filter (KF) methodology is used on the International Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM) and the pricing errors estimated within the framework of ICAPM are used as a measure of market integration or segmentation. The advantage of the KF technique is that it allows for time-varying coefficients in estimating ICAPM and hence able to capture the varying degree of market integration. Empirical results show clear evidence of varying degree of market integration for both case of Malaysia and Singapore. Furthermore, the results show that the changes in the level of market integration are found to coincide with certain economic events that have taken placed. The findings certainly provide evidence on the practicability of the KF technique to estimate stock markets integration. In the comparison between Malaysia and Singapore stock market, the result shows that the trends of the market integration indices for Malaysia and Singapore look similar through time but the magnitude is notably different with the Malaysia stock market showing greater degree of market integration. Finally, significant evidence of varying degree of market integration shows the inappropriate use of OLS in estimating the level of market integration.
Abstract: In the LFC problem, the interconnections among some areas are the input of disturbances, and therefore, it is important to suppress the disturbances by the coordination of governor systems. In contrast, tie-line power flow control by TCPS located between two areas makes it possible to stabilize the system frequency oscillations positively through interconnection, which is also expected to provide a new ancillary service for the further power systems. Thus, a control strategy using controlling the phase angle of TCPS is proposed for provide active control facility of system frequency in this paper. Also, the optimum adjustment of PID controller's parameters in a robust way under bilateral contracted scenario following the large step load demands and disturbances with and without TCPS are investigated by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), that has a strong ability to find the most optimistic results. This newly developed control strategy combines the advantage of PSO and TCPS and has simple stricture that is easy to implement and tune. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy a three-area restructured power system is considered as a test system under different operating conditions and system nonlinearities. Analysis reveals that the TCPS is quite capable of suppressing the frequency and tie-line power oscillations effectively as compared to that obtained without TCPS for a wide range of plant parameter changes, area load demands and disturbances even in the presence of system nonlinearities.