Abstract: This paper aims at identifying and analyzing the
knowledge transmission channels in textile and clothing clusters
located in Brazil and in Europe. Primary data was obtained through
interviews with key individuals. The collection of primary data was
carried out based on a questionnaire with ten categories of indicators
of knowledge transmission. Secondary data was also collected
through a literature review and through international organizations
sites. Similarities related to the use of the main transmission channels
of knowledge are observed in all cases. The main similarities are:
influence of suppliers of machinery, equipment and raw materials;
imitation of products and best practices; training promoted by
technical institutions and businesses; and cluster companies being
open to acquire new knowledge. The main differences lie in the
relationship between companies, where in Europe the intensity of this
relationship is bigger when compared to Brazil. The differences also
occur in importance and frequency of the relationship with the
government, with the cultural environment, and with the activities of
research and development. It is also found factors that reduce the
importance of geographical proximity in transmission of knowledge,
and in generating trust and the establishment of collaborative
behavior.
Abstract: The objective of our work is to develop a new approach for discovering knowledge from a large mass of data, the result of applying this approach will be an expert system that will serve as diagnostic tools of a phenomenon related to a huge information system. We first recall the general problem of learning Bayesian network structure from data and suggest a solution for optimizing the complexity by using organizational and optimization methods of data. Afterward we proposed a new heuristic of learning a Multi-Entities Bayesian Networks structures. We have applied our approach to biological facts concerning hereditary complex illnesses where the literatures in biology identify the responsible variables for those diseases. Finally we conclude on the limits arched by this work.
Abstract: Organizational culture fosters innovation, and innovation is the main engine to be sustained within the uncertainty market. Like other countries, the construction industry significantly contributes to the economy, society and technology of Malaysia, yet, innovation is still considered slow compared to other industries such as manufacturing. Given the important role of an architect as the key player and the contributor of new ideas in the construction industry, there is a call to identify the issue and improve the current situation by focusing on the architectural firms. In addition, the existing studies tend to focus only on a few dimensions of organizational culture and very few studies consider whether innovation is being generated or adopted. Hence, the present research tends to fill in the gap by identifying the organizational cultures that foster or hinder innovation generation and/or innovation adoption, and propose a model of organizational culture and innovation generation and/or adoption.
Abstract: In this competitive age, one of the key tools of most successful organizations is knowledge management. Today some organizations measure their current knowledge and use it as an indicator for rating the organization on their reports. Noting that the universities and colleges of medical science have a great role in public health of societies, their access to newest scientific research and the establishment of organizational knowledge management systems is very important. In order to explore the Application of Knowledge Management Factors, a national study was undertaken. The main purpose of this study was to find the rate of the application of knowledge management factors and some ways to establish more application of knowledge management system in Esfahan University-s Medical College (EUMC). Esfahan is the second largest city after Tehran, the capital city of Iran, and the EUMC is the biggest medical college in Esfahan. To rate the application of knowledge management, this study uses a quantitative research methodology based on Probst, Raub and Romhardt model of knowledge management. A group of 267 faculty members and staff of the EUMC were asked via questionnaire. Finding showed that the rate of the application of knowledge management factors in EUMC have been lower than average. As a result, an interview with ten faculty members conducted to find the guidelines to establish more applications of knowledge management system in EUMC.
Abstract: In networks, mainly small and medium-sized businesses benefit from the knowledge, experiences and solutions offered by experts from industry and science or from the exchange with practitioners. Associations which focus, among other things, on networking, information and knowledge transfer and which are interested in supporting such cooperations are especially well suited to provide such networks and the appropriate web platforms. Using METORA as an example – a project developed and run by the Federal Association for Information Economy, Telecommunications and New Media e.V. (BITKOM) for the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) – This paper will discuss how associations and other network organizations can achieve this task and what conditions they have to consider.
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to contribute the
existing knowledge transfer and IT Outsourcing literature
specifically in the context of Malaysia by reviewing the current
practices of e-government IT outsourcing in Malaysia including the
issues and challenges faced by the public agencies in transferring the
knowledge during the engagement. This paper discusses various
factors and different theoretical model of knowledge transfer starting
from the traditional model to the recent model suggested by the
scholars. The present paper attempts to align organizational
knowledge from the knowledge-based view (KBV) and
organizational learning (OL) lens. This review could help shape the
direction of both future theoretical and empirical studies on inter-firm
knowledge transfer specifically on how KBV and OL perspectives
could play significant role in explaining the complex relationships
between the client and vendor in inter-firm knowledge transfer and
the role of organizational management information system and
Transactive Memory System (TMS) to facilitate the organizational
knowledge transferring process. Conclusion is drawn and further
research is suggested.
Abstract: Every organization is continually subject to new damages and threats which can be resulted from their operations or their goal accomplishment. Methods of providing the security of space and applied tools have been widely changed with increasing application and development of information technology (IT). From this viewpoint, information security management systems were evolved to construct and prevent reiterating the experienced methods. In general, the correct response in information security management systems requires correct decision making, which in turn requires the comprehensive effort of managers and everyone involved in each plan or decision making. Obviously, all aspects of work or decision are not defined in all decision making conditions; therefore, the possible or certain risks should be considered when making decisions. This is the subject of risk management and it can influence the decisions. Investigation of different approaches in the field of risk management demonstrates their progress from quantitative to qualitative methods with a process approach.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze economic and
political tendencies of development of integration processes with
different developing level and speed on the Eurasian space, by considering two organizations at the region – Eurasian Economic
Community and Shanghai Cooperation Organization, by considering the interests of participations in organizations of Russia and China as
a global powers and Kazakhstan as a leader among the Central Asian
countries. This article investigates what certain goals Eurasian
countries (especially Russia, Kazakhstan and China) are waiting from integration within the SCO and the EurAsEC, linking the process
with the theories of regional integration. After European debt crisis it is more topically to research the integration within the specific
region's conditions.
Abstract: Business continuity management (BCM) identifies
potential external and internal threats to an organization and their
impacts to business operations. The goal of the article is to identify,
based on the analysis of employee turnover in organizations in the
Czech Republic, the role of personnel planning in BCM. The article
is organized as follows. The first part of the article concentrates on
the theoretical background of the topic. The second part of the article
is dedicated to the evaluation of the outcomes of the survey
conducted (questionnaire survey), focusing on the analysis of
employee turnover in organizations in the Czech Republic. The final
part of the article underlines the role of personnel planning in BCM,
since poor planning of staff needs in an organization can represent
a future threat for business continuity ensuring.
Abstract: “Web of Trust" is one of the recognized goals for
Web 2.0. It aims to make it possible for the people to take
responsibility for what they publish on the web, including
organizations, businesses and individual users. These objectives,
among others, drive most of the technologies and protocols recently
standardized by the governing bodies. One of the great advantages of
Web infrastructure is decentralization of publication. The primary
motivation behind Web 2.0 is to assist the people to add contents for
Collective Intelligence (CI) while providing mechanisms to link
content with people for evaluations and accountability of
information. Such structure of contents will interconnect users and
contents so that users can use contents to find participants and vice
versa. This paper proposes conceptual information storage and
linking model, based on decentralized information structure, that
links contents and people together. The model uses FOAF, Atom,
RDF and RDFS and can be used as a blueprint to develop Web 2.0
applications for any e-domain. However, primary target for this
paper is online trust evaluation domain. The proposed model targets
to assist the individuals to establish “Web of Trust" in online trust
domain.
Abstract: Traditionally, terror groups have been formed by ideologically aligned actors who perceive a lack of options for achieving political or social change. However, terrorist attacks have been increasingly carried out by small groups of actors or lone individuals who may be only ideologically affiliated with larger, formal terrorist organizations. The formation of these groups represents the inverse of traditional organizational growth, whereby structural de-evolution within issue-based organizations leads to the formation of small, independent terror cells. Ideological franchising – the bypassing of formal affiliation to the “parent" organization – represents the de-evolution of traditional concepts of organizational structure in favor of an organic, independent, and focused unit. Traditional definitions of dark networks that are issue-based include focus on an identified goal, commitment to achieving this goal through unrestrained actions, and selection of symbolic targets. The next step in the de-evolution of small dark networks is the miniorganization, consisting of only a handful of actors working toward a common, violent goal. Information-sharing through social media platforms, coupled with civil liberties of democratic nations, provide the communication systems, access to information, and freedom of movement necessary for small dark networks to flourish without the aid of a parent organization. As attacks such as the 7/7 bombings demonstrate the effectiveness of small dark networks, terrorist actors will feel increasingly comfortable aligning with an ideology only, without formally organizing. The natural result of this de-evolving organization is the single actor event, where an individual seems to subscribe to a larger organization-s violent ideology with little or no formal ties.
Abstract: Retention in the IT profession is critical for
organizations to stay competitive and operate reliably in the dynamic
business environment. Most organizations rely on compensation and
rewards as primary tools to enhance retention of employees. In this
quantitative survey-based study conducted at a large global bank, we
analyze the perceptions of 575 information technology (IT) software
professionals in India and Malaysia and find that fairness of rewards
has very little impact on retention likelihood. It is far more important
to actively involve employees in organizational activities. In
addition, our findings indicate that involvement is far more important
than information flow: the typical organizational communication to
keep employees informed.
Abstract: It is quite essential to form dialogue mechanisms and
dialogue channels to solve intercultural communication issues.
Therefore, every country should develop a intercultural education
project which aims to resolve international communication issues.
For proper mediation training, the first step is to reach an agreement
on the actors to run the project. The strongest mediation mechanisms
in the world should be analyzed and initiated within the educational
policies. A communication-based mediation model should be
developed for international mediation training. Mediators can use
their convincing communication skills as a part of this model. At the
first, fundamental stages of the mediation training should be specified
within the scope of the model. Another important topic at this point is
common sence and peace leaders to act as an ombudsman in this
process. Especially for solving some social issues and conflicts,
common sense leaders acting as an ombudsman would lead to
effective communication. In mediation training that is run by
universities and non-governmental organizations, another phase is to
focus on conducting the meetings. In intercultural mediation training,
one of the most critical topics is to conduct the meeting traffic and
performing a shuttle diplomacy. Meeting traffic is where the mediator
organizes meetings with the parties with initiative powers, in order to
contribute to the solution of the issue, and schedule these meetings.
In this notice titled “ Intercultural mediation training and the training
process of common sense leaders by the leadership of universities
communication and artistic campaigns" , communication models and
strategies about this topic will be constructed and an intercultural art
activities and perspectives will be presented.
Abstract: Distance education program is a dimension of contemporary and new education technologies. Concepts and applications in this field are the results of a series of educational demands and developments in various communication and education technologies. Distance education applications have some conceptual bases. These are creating new education opportunities, realizing work-education unity, getting democratic in education, lifelong education, tendency to individual matters, effective use of institutions, integration of technology and education, tendency to individual and social needs, taking three dimensional integration as the main principle (publishing, printed materials and face to face education), reaching maximum mass, individual and mass education integrity and education demand and financial matters balance. Economics, Business Administration and Open Education faculties, which have been giving education within Anadolu University since 1982 in Turkey, are carrying on education with nearly 1.000.000 students. The aim of this study is to determine organizational commitment levels of students who have been studying at Anadolu University Economics, Business Administration and Open Education faculties in the scope of affective, continuance and nominative commitment in Allen&Meyer model. In the study, organizational commitment of the Economics, Business Administration and Open Education faculty students, who are receiving education by means of distance education, to their faculties is dealt after introducing Anadolu University Distance Education system which gives higher education via distance education method in Turkey. In order to increase the success level of faculties it is required for students to have high level of organizational commitment to their faculties. A questionnaire has been applied by using “Organizational Commitment Scale", developed by Meyer&Allen to determine organizational commitments of Economics, Business Administration and Open Education students. Organizational commitment is dealt with as affective, continuance and nominative commitment. The questionnaire was applied face to face to randomly chosen 500 students living in Eskişehir and the data was downloaded to the computer by using SPSS program and the results were analyzed in terms of demographic features (gender, age, marital status, years of study, work and income level) of students by using frequency test, ttest and ANOVA test. As a result of these analyses, when the comments of Open Education Faculty students on levels of affective, continuance and nominative commitment to their faculties were examined, it has been revealed that continuance commitment level has the highest rate. Among the female participants; continuance commitment is high in the age range of 30-40, for normative commitment it is 17-22. However no dominant age range was defined for affective commitment. Regarding the marital status; continuance commitment average is higher among married participants; but nominative affective commitment average is higher among single participants. As to the years of study, affective and continuance commitment is higher among senior students while normative commitment is higher among junior students. Moreover; in terms of continuance, affective and normative commitment, those who do not work and have low income have higher level of all there commitment types than those who work and have relatively high income.
Abstract: Free and open source software is gaining popularity at
an unprecedented rate of growth. Organizations despite some
concerns about the quality have been using them for various
purposes. One of the biggest concerns about free and open source
software is post release software defects and their fixing. Many
believe that there is no appropriate support available to fix the bugs.
On the contrary some believe that due to the active involvement of
internet user in online forums, they become a major source of
communicating the identification and fixing of defects in open source
software. The research model of this empirical investigation
establishes and studies the relationship between open source software
defects and online public forums. The results of this empirical study
provide evidence about the realities of software defects myths of
open source software. We used a dataset consist of 616 open source
software projects covering a broad range of categories to study the
research model of this investigation. The results of this investigation
show that online forums play a significant role identifying and fixing
the defects in open source software.
Abstract: The growing problem of youth unemployment in
Egypt after the 25th January Revolution has directed the attention of
some human resource experts towards considering remote
employment as a partial remedy for the unemployed youth instead of
the unavailable traditional jobs, a trend which will also help with the
congested offices and unsolved traffic problem in Cairo and spread
a flexible work culture, but despite of that, the main issue remains
unresolved for these organizations to deal with the system challenges.
In the past few years, in developed countries, there has been a
growing trend for many companies to shift to remote employment
instead of the traditional office employment for many reasons: due to
the growing technological advances that helped some employees do
their work from home on a part time basis, the need for achieving an
employee-s work balance in the middle of unbalanced complicated
life, top management focus on employee-s productivity rather their
time spent at work. The objective of this paper is to study and analyze
the advantages and challenges that Egypt-s labor force will be facing
in their implementation of remote or virtual employment in both
government and private organizations after the 25th January
revolution. Therefore, the research question will be: What are the
advantages and different challenges that Egyptian organizations
might face in their implementation for remote employment system
and how can they manage these challenges for the system to work
effectively? The study is divided into six main parts: the introduction,
objective and importance of the study, research problem,
methodology, experience of some countries that implemented remote
employment, advantages and challenges of implementing remote
employment in Egypt and then the conclusion which discuses the
results and recommendations of the study.
Abstract: Achieving success is a highly critical issue for the
companies to survive in a competitive business environment. The
construction industry is also an area where there is strong
competition due to a large number of construction contractors. There
have been many factors such as qualified employees, quality
workmanship and financial management that can lead to company
success in the construction industry. The aim of this study was to
investigate the critical factors leading to construction company
success. Within this context, a survey was carried out among 40
Turkish construction companies which are located in the Northwest
region of Turkey. In this survey, top-level managers and owners of
the companies were interviewed. The interviews took place over a
five month period between January and May 2007. Finally, the
ranking of the critical success factors has been determined by using
the Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART). Based on
the results, business management, financial conditions and
owner/manager characteristics were determined as the most
important factors to company success.
Abstract: Organization of video databases is becoming difficult
task as the amount of video content increases. Video classification
based on the content of videos can significantly increase the speed of
tasks such as browsing and searching for a particular video in a
database. In this paper, a content-based videos classification system
for the classes indoor and outdoor is presented. The system is
intended to be used on a mobile platform with modest resources. The
algorithm makes use of the temporal redundancy in videos, which
allows using an uncomplicated classification model while still
achieving reasonable accuracy. The training and evaluation was done
on a video database of 443 videos downloaded from a video sharing
service. A total accuracy of 87.36% was achieved.
Abstract: Bythe development of the Internet, e-commerce has
got very popular between organizations. E-commerce means buying
and selling products and services over the Internet. One of the
challenging issues in e-commerce is how to attract the customers and
how to satisfy them. Therefore, it is important to keep good
relationship with the customers. This paper proposes a new model to
increase the customer satisfaction by introducing live-operator.
Live-operator is a system which is involved both with the customers
and the organization.In this system the customers feelthatthey receive
the service directly from the organization. This model decreases the
response time and the customer loss. Moreover, it increases customer
trust and the ability of organizations.
Abstract: The Information and Communication Technologies
(ICTs), and the Wide World Web (WWW) have fundamentally
altered the practice of teaching and learning world wide. Many
universities, organizations, colleges and schools are trying to apply
the benefits of the emerging ICT. In the early nineties the term
learning object was introduced into the instructional technology
vernacular; the idea being that educational resources could be broken
into modular components for later combination by instructors,
learners, and eventually computes into larger structures that would
support learning [1]. However in many developing countries, the use
of ICT is still in its infancy stage and the concept of learning object
is quite new. This paper outlines the learning object design
considerations for developing countries depending on learning
environment.