Abstract: In general architecture means the art of creating the
space. Comprehensive and complete body which is created by a
creative and purposeful thought to respond the human needs.
Professionally, architecture is the are of designing and
comprehensive planning of physical spaces that is created for
human-s productivity. The purpose of architectural design is to
respond the human needs which is appeared in physical frame.
Human in response to his needs is always looking to achieve comfort.
Throughout history of human civilization this relative comfort has
been inspired by nature and assimilating the facility and natural
achievement in the format of artifact patterns base on the nature, so
that it is achieved in this comfort level and invention of these factors.
All physical factors like regional, social and economical factors are
made available to human in order to achieve a specific goal and are
made to gain an ideal architecture to respond the functional needs and
consider the aesthetics and elemental principles and pay attention to
residents- comfort. In this study the Persian architecture with
exploiting and transforming the energies into the requisite energies of
architecture spaces and importing fuel products, utilities, etc, in order
to achieve a relative comfort level will be investigated. In this paper
the study of structural and physical specialties of traditional houses in
desert regions and Central Plateau of Iran gave us this opportunity to
being more familiar with important specialties of energy productivity
in architecture body of traditional houses in these regions specially
traditional houses of Kashan and in order to use these principles to
create modern architectures in these regions.
Abstract: The new framework the Higher Education is
immersed in involves a complete change in the way lecturers must
teach and students must learn. Whereas the lecturer was the main
character in traditional education, the essential goal now is to
increase the students' participation in the process. Thus, one of the
main tasks of lecturers in this new context is to design activities of
different nature in order to encourage such participation. Seminars
are one of the activities included in this environment. They are active
sessions that enable going in depth into specific topics as support of
other activities. They are characterized by some features such as
favoring interaction between students and lecturers or improving
their communication skills. Hence, planning and organizing strategic
seminars is indeed a great challenge for lecturers with the aim of
acquiring knowledge and abilities. This paper proposes a method
using Artificial Intelligence techniques to obtain student profiles
from their marks and preferences. The goal of building such profiles
is twofold. First, it facilitates the task of splitting the students into
different groups, each group with similar preferences and learning
difficulties. Second, it makes it easy to select adequate topics to be a
candidate for the seminars. The results obtained can be either a
guarantee of what the lecturers could observe during the development
of the course or a clue to reconsider new methodological strategies in
certain topics.
Abstract: Every organization is continually subject to new damages and threats which can be resulted from their operations or their goal accomplishment. Methods of providing the security of space and applied tools have been widely changed with increasing application and development of information technology (IT). From this viewpoint, information security management systems were evolved to construct and prevent reiterating the experienced methods. In general, the correct response in information security management systems requires correct decision making, which in turn requires the comprehensive effort of managers and everyone involved in each plan or decision making. Obviously, all aspects of work or decision are not defined in all decision making conditions; therefore, the possible or certain risks should be considered when making decisions. This is the subject of risk management and it can influence the decisions. Investigation of different approaches in the field of risk management demonstrates their progress from quantitative to qualitative methods with a process approach.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze economic and
political tendencies of development of integration processes with
different developing level and speed on the Eurasian space, by considering two organizations at the region – Eurasian Economic
Community and Shanghai Cooperation Organization, by considering the interests of participations in organizations of Russia and China as
a global powers and Kazakhstan as a leader among the Central Asian
countries. This article investigates what certain goals Eurasian
countries (especially Russia, Kazakhstan and China) are waiting from integration within the SCO and the EurAsEC, linking the process
with the theories of regional integration. After European debt crisis it is more topically to research the integration within the specific
region's conditions.
Abstract: It well recognized that one feature that makes a
successful company is its ability to successfully align its business goals with its information communication technologies platform.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems contribute to achieve better performance by integrating various business functions and
providing support for information flows. However, the technological
systems complexity is known to prevent the business users to exploit in an efficient way the Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP).
This paper aims to investigate the role of training in improving the
usage of ERP systems. To this end, we have designed an instrument
survey to employees of a Norwegian multinational global provider of
technology solutions. Based on the analysis of collected data, we have delineated a training model that could be high relevance for
both researchers and practitioners as a step towards a better
understanding of ERP system implementation.
Abstract: Business continuity management (BCM) identifies
potential external and internal threats to an organization and their
impacts to business operations. The goal of the article is to identify,
based on the analysis of employee turnover in organizations in the
Czech Republic, the role of personnel planning in BCM. The article
is organized as follows. The first part of the article concentrates on
the theoretical background of the topic. The second part of the article
is dedicated to the evaluation of the outcomes of the survey
conducted (questionnaire survey), focusing on the analysis of
employee turnover in organizations in the Czech Republic. The final
part of the article underlines the role of personnel planning in BCM,
since poor planning of staff needs in an organization can represent
a future threat for business continuity ensuring.
Abstract: “Web of Trust" is one of the recognized goals for
Web 2.0. It aims to make it possible for the people to take
responsibility for what they publish on the web, including
organizations, businesses and individual users. These objectives,
among others, drive most of the technologies and protocols recently
standardized by the governing bodies. One of the great advantages of
Web infrastructure is decentralization of publication. The primary
motivation behind Web 2.0 is to assist the people to add contents for
Collective Intelligence (CI) while providing mechanisms to link
content with people for evaluations and accountability of
information. Such structure of contents will interconnect users and
contents so that users can use contents to find participants and vice
versa. This paper proposes conceptual information storage and
linking model, based on decentralized information structure, that
links contents and people together. The model uses FOAF, Atom,
RDF and RDFS and can be used as a blueprint to develop Web 2.0
applications for any e-domain. However, primary target for this
paper is online trust evaluation domain. The proposed model targets
to assist the individuals to establish “Web of Trust" in online trust
domain.
Abstract: Primary and secondary data from the Bauchi abattoir were utilized to determine the relative contributions of different livestock species to meat supply in Bauchi Metropolis. Daily livestock slaughter figures for five months (June – October 2011) indicated that more goats (64.0) were slaughtered than either sheep (47.3) or cattle (41.30) each day (P
Abstract: Sickness absence represents a major economic and
social issue. Analysis of sick leave data is a recurrent challenge to analysts because of the complexity of the data structure which is
often time dependent, highly skewed and clumped at zero. Ignoring these features to make statistical inference is likely to be inefficient
and misguided. Traditional approaches do not address these problems. In this study, we discuss model methodologies in terms of statistical techniques for addressing the difficulties with sick leave data. We also introduce and demonstrate a new method by performing a longitudinal assessment of long-term absenteeism using
a large registration dataset as a working example available from the Helsinki Health Study for municipal employees from Finland during the period of 1990-1999. We present a comparative study on model
selection and a critical analysis of the temporal trends, the occurrence
and degree of long-term sickness absences among municipal employees. The strengths of this working example include the large
sample size over a long follow-up period providing strong evidence in supporting of the new model. Our main goal is to propose a way to
select an appropriate model and to introduce a new methodology for analysing sickness absence data as well as to demonstrate model
applicability to complicated longitudinal data.
Abstract: Text categorization (the assignment of texts in natural language into predefined categories) is an important and extensively studied problem in Machine Learning. Currently, popular techniques developed to deal with this task include many preprocessing and learning algorithms, many of which in turn require tuning nontrivial internal parameters. Although partial studies are available, many authors fail to report values of the parameters they use in their experiments, or reasons why these values were used instead of others. The goal of this work then is to create a more thorough comparison of preprocessing parameters and their mutual influence, and report interesting observations and results.
Abstract: Traditionally, terror groups have been formed by ideologically aligned actors who perceive a lack of options for achieving political or social change. However, terrorist attacks have been increasingly carried out by small groups of actors or lone individuals who may be only ideologically affiliated with larger, formal terrorist organizations. The formation of these groups represents the inverse of traditional organizational growth, whereby structural de-evolution within issue-based organizations leads to the formation of small, independent terror cells. Ideological franchising – the bypassing of formal affiliation to the “parent" organization – represents the de-evolution of traditional concepts of organizational structure in favor of an organic, independent, and focused unit. Traditional definitions of dark networks that are issue-based include focus on an identified goal, commitment to achieving this goal through unrestrained actions, and selection of symbolic targets. The next step in the de-evolution of small dark networks is the miniorganization, consisting of only a handful of actors working toward a common, violent goal. Information-sharing through social media platforms, coupled with civil liberties of democratic nations, provide the communication systems, access to information, and freedom of movement necessary for small dark networks to flourish without the aid of a parent organization. As attacks such as the 7/7 bombings demonstrate the effectiveness of small dark networks, terrorist actors will feel increasingly comfortable aligning with an ideology only, without formally organizing. The natural result of this de-evolving organization is the single actor event, where an individual seems to subscribe to a larger organization-s violent ideology with little or no formal ties.
Abstract: One important objective in Precision Agriculture is to minimize the volume of herbicides that are applied to the fields through the use of site-specific weed management systems. In order to reach this goal, two major factors need to be considered: 1) the similar spectral signature, shape and texture between weeds and crops; 2) the irregular distribution of the weeds within the crop's field. This paper outlines an automatic computer vision system for the detection and differential spraying of Avena sterilis, a noxious weed growing in cereal crops. The proposed system involves two processes: image segmentation and decision making. Image segmentation combines basic suitable image processing techniques in order to extract cells from the image as the low level units. Each cell is described by two area-based attributes measuring the relations among the crops and the weeds. From these attributes, a hybrid decision making approach determines if a cell must be or not sprayed. The hybrid approach uses the Support Vector Machines and the Fuzzy k-Means methods, combined through the fuzzy aggregation theory. This makes the main finding of this paper. The method performance is compared against other available strategies.
Abstract: This paper presents the simulation of fragmentation
warhead using a hydrocode, Autodyn. The goal of this research is to
determine the lethal range of such a warhead. This study investigates
the lethal range of warheads with and without steel balls as
preformed fragments. The results from the FE simulation, i.e. initial
velocities and ejected spray angles of fragments, are further processed
using an analytical approach so as to determine a fragment hit density
and probability of kill of a modelled warhead. In order to simulate a
plenty of preformed fragments inside a warhead, the model requires
expensive computation resources. Therefore, this study attempts to
model the problem in an alternative approach by considering an
equivalent mass of preformed fragments to the mass of warhead
casing. This approach yields approximately 7% and 20% difference
of fragment velocities from the analytical results for one and two
layers of preformed fragments, respectively. The lethal ranges of the
simulated warheads are 42.6 m and 56.5 m for warheads with one and
two layers of preformed fragments, respectively, compared to 13.85
m for a warhead without preformed fragment. These lethal ranges are
based on the requirement of fragment hit density. The lethal ranges
which are based on the probability of kill are 27.5 m, 61 m and 70 m
for warheads with no preformed fragment, one and two layers of
preformed fragments, respectively.
Abstract: The production of devices in nanoscale with specific
molecular rectifying function is one of the most significant goals in
state-of-art technology. In this work we show by ab initio quantum
mechanics calculations coupled with non-equilibrium Green
function, the design of an organic two-terminal device. These
molecular structures have molecular source and drain with several
bridge length (from five up to 11 double bonds). Our results are
consistent with significant features as a molecular rectifier and can be
raised up as: (a) it can be used as bi-directional symmetrical rectifier;
(b) two devices integrated in one (FET with one operational region,
and Thyristor thiristor); (c) Inherent stability due small intrinsic
capacitance under forward/reverse bias. We utilize a scheme for the
transport mechanism based on previous properties of ¤Ç bonds type
that can be successfully utilized to construct organic nanodevices.
Abstract: In this document we studied more in detail the Performances of the vertical handover in the networks WLAN, WiMAX, UMTS before studying of it the Procedure of Handoff Vertical, the whole buckled by simulations putting forward the performances of the handover in the heterogeneous networks. The goal of Vertical Handover is to carry out several accesses in real-time in the heterogeneous networks. This makes it possible a user to use several networks (such as WLAN UMTS andWiMAX) in parallel, and the system to commutate automatically at another basic station, without disconnecting itself, as if there were no cut and with little loss of data as possible.
Abstract: The evaluation and measurement of human body
dimensions are achieved by physical anthropometry. This research
was conducted in view of the importance of anthropometric indices
of the face in forensic medicine, surgery, and medical imaging. The
main goal of this research is to optimization of facial feature point by
establishing a mathematical relationship among facial features and
used optimize feature points for age classification. Since selected
facial feature points are located to the area of mouth, nose, eyes and
eyebrow on facial images, all desire facial feature points are extracted
accurately. According this proposes method; sixteen Euclidean
distances are calculated from the eighteen selected facial feature
points vertically as well as horizontally. The mathematical
relationships among horizontal and vertical distances are established.
Moreover, it is also discovered that distances of the facial feature
follows a constant ratio due to age progression. The distances
between the specified features points increase with respect the age
progression of a human from his or her childhood but the ratio of the
distances does not change (d = 1 .618 ) . Finally, according to the
proposed mathematical relationship four independent feature
distances related to eight feature points are selected from sixteen
distances and eighteen feature point-s respectively. These four feature
distances are used for classification of age using Support Vector
Machine (SVM)-Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) algorithm
and shown around 96 % accuracy. Experiment result shows the
proposed system is effective and accurate for age classification.
Abstract: Xanthan gum is one of the major commercial
biopolymers. Due to its excellent rheological properties xanthan gum
is used in many applications, mainly in food industry. Commercial
production of xanthan gum uses glucose as the carbon substrate;
consequently the price of xanthan production is high. One of the
ways to decrease xanthan price, is using cheaper substrate like
agricultural wastes. Iran is one of the biggest date producer countries.
However approximately 50% of date production is wasted annually.
The goal of this study is to produce xanthan gum from waste date
using Xanthomonas campestris PTCC1473 by submerged
fermentation. In this study the effect of three variables including
phosphor and nitrogen amount and agitation rate in three levels using
response surface methodology (RSM) has been studied. Results
achieved from statistical analysis Design Expert 7.0.0 software
showed that xanthan increased with increasing level of phosphor.
Low level of nitrogen leaded to higher xanthan production. Xanthan
amount, increasing agitation had positive influence. The statistical
model identified the optimum conditions nitrogen amount=3.15g/l,
phosphor amount=5.03 g/l and agitation=394.8 rpm for xanthan. To
model validation, experiments in optimum conditions for xanthan
gum were carried out. The mean of result for xanthan was 6.72±0.26.
The result was closed to the predicted value by using RSM.
Abstract: Over the years, many implementations have been
proposed for solving IA networks. These implementations are
concerned with finding a solution efficiently. The primary goal of
our implementation is simplicity and ease of use.
We present an IA network implementation based on finite domain
non-binary CSPs, and constraint logic programming. The
implementation has a GUI which permits the drawing of arbitrary IA
networks. We then show how the implementation can be extended to
find all the solutions to an IA network. One application of finding all
the solutions, is solving probabilistic IA networks.
Abstract: The goal of this study was to disclose the core of the advertising research based on the psychological aspects by acquainting with the nature of advertising research and revealing the importance of psychological aspects of advertising during the advertising research. The growing interest in consumer response to advertisement served as an encouragement to make the analysis of psychological aspects of the advertising research, because the information obtained during the advertising research helps to answer the question how advertising really works. In the research analysis focuses on the nature of advertising research. The place of advertising research in advertisement planning process and the advertising research process are unfolded. Moreover, the importance of psychological aspects in the advertising research is being examined. The certain psychological aspects like the particularities of advertising communication process, psychological process that are active at advertising acceptance and awareness process as well as the advertising effects are analysed in more detail.
Abstract: Most often the contaminants are not taken seriously into consideration, and this behavior comes out directly from the lack of monitoring and professional reporting about pollution in the printing facilities in Serbia. The goal of planned and systematic ozone measurements in ambient air of the screen printing facilities in Novi Sad is to examine of its impact on the employees health, and to track trends in concentration. In this study, ozone concentrations were determined by using discontinuous and continuous method during the automatic and manual screen printing process. Obtained results indicates that the average concentrations of ozone measured during the automatic process were almost 3 to 28 times higher for discontinuous and 10 times higher for continuous method (1.028 ppm) compared to the values prescribed by OSHA. In the manual process, average concentrations of ozone were within prescribed values for discontinuous and almost 3 times higher for continuous method (0.299 ppm).