Abstract: Many problems in computer vision and image
processing present potential for parallel implementations through one
of the three major paradigms of geometric parallelism, algorithmic
parallelism and processor farming. Static process scheduling
techniques are used successfully to exploit geometric and algorithmic
parallelism, while dynamic process scheduling is better suited to
dealing with the independent processes inherent in the process
farming paradigm. This paper considers the application of parallel or
multi-computers to a class of problems exhibiting spatial data
characteristic of the geometric paradigm. However, by using
processor farming paradigm, a dynamic scheduling technique is
developed to suit the MIMD structure of the multi-computers. A
hybrid scheme of scheduling is also developed and compared with
the other schemes. The specific problem chosen for the investigation
is the Hough transform for line detection.
Abstract: The key to the continued success of ANN depends, considerably,
on the use of hybrid structures implemented on cooperative
frame-works. Hybrid architectures provide the ability to the ANN
to validate heterogeneous learning paradigms. This work describes
the implementation of a set of Distributed and Hybrid ANN models
for Character Recognition applied to Anglo-Assamese scripts. The
objective is to describe the effectiveness of Hybrid ANN setups as
innovative means of neural learning for an application like multilingual
handwritten character and numeral recognition.
Abstract: Designing and implementing intelligent systems has become a crucial factor for the innovation and development of better products of space technologies. A neural network is a parallel system, capable of resolving paradigms that linear computing cannot. Field programmable gate array (FPGA) is a digital device that owns reprogrammable properties and robust flexibility. For the neural network based instrument prototype in real time application, conventional specific VLSI neural chip design suffers the limitation in time and cost. With low precision artificial neural network design, FPGAs have higher speed and smaller size for real time application than the VLSI and DSP chips. So, many researchers have made great efforts on the realization of neural network (NN) using FPGA technique. In this paper, an introduction of ANN and FPGA technique are briefly shown. Also, Hardware Description Language (VHDL) code has been proposed to implement ANNs as well as to present simulation results with floating point arithmetic. Synthesis results for ANN controller are developed using Precision RTL. Proposed VHDL implementation creates a flexible, fast method and high degree of parallelism for implementing ANN. The implementation of multi-layer NN using lookup table LUT reduces the resource utilization for implementation and time for execution.
Abstract: The main aim of this paper was to investigate the
existing architecture in Cyprus, and thus identify and describe the
overall architectural rationale of the built environment. In Cyprus,
where individuals live in a society that reflects postmodern
paradigms rather than modern ones, the existing built environment
has many different reflections of the structure of its society.
Abstract: In this paper challenges associated with a new
generation of Computer Science students are examined. The mode of
education in tertiary institutes has progressed slowly while the needs
of students have changed rapidly in an increasingly technological
world. The major learning paradigms and learning theories within
these paradigms are studied to find a suitable strategy for educating
modern students. These paradigms include Behaviourism,
Constructivism, Humanism and Cogntivism. Social Learning theory
and Elaboration theory are two theories that are further examined and
a survey is done to determine how these strategies will be received by
students. The results and findings are evaluated and indicate that
students are fairly receptive to a method that incorporates both Social
Learning theory and Elaboration theory, but that some aspects of all
paradigms need to be implemented to create a balanced and effective
strategy with technology as foundation.
Abstract: This paper presents a synthetic jet air blower actuated
by PZT for air blowing for air-breathing micro PEM fuel cell. The
several factors to affect the performance of air-breathing PEM fuel cell
such as air flow rate, opening ratio and cathode open type in the
cathode side were studied. Especially, an air flow rate is critical
condition to improve its performance. In this paper, we developed a
synthetic jet air blower to supply a high stoichiometric air flow. The
synthetic jet mechanism is a zero mass flux device that converts
electrical energy into the momentum. The synthetic jet actuation is
usually generated by a traditional PZT actuator, which consists of a
small cylindrical cavity, in/outlet channel and PZT diaphragms. The
flow rate of the fabricated synthetic jet air blower was 400cc/min at
550Hz and its power consumption was very low under 0.3W. The
proposed air-breathing PEM fuel cell which installed synthetic jet air
blower was higher performance and stability during continuous
operation than the air-breathing fuel cell without auxiliary device to
supply the air. The results showed that the maximum power density
was 188mW/cm2 at 400mA/cm2. This maximum power density and
durability were improved more than 40% and 20%, respectively.
Abstract: This paper proposes a novel approach that combines statistical models and support vector machines. A hybrid scheme which appropriately incorporates the advantages of both the generative and discriminant model paradigms is described and evaluated. Support vector machines (SVMs) are trained to divide the whole speakers' space into small subsets of speakers within a hierarchical tree structure. During testing a speech token is assigned to its corresponding group and evaluation using gaussian mixture models (GMMs) is then processed. Experimental results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the performance of text independent speaker identification task. We report improvements of up to 50% reduction in identification error rate compared to the baseline statistical model.
Abstract: This paper describes a paradigmatic approach to develop architecture of secure systems by describing the requirements from four different points of view: that of the owner, the administrator, the user, and the network. Deriving requirements and developing architecture implies the joint elicitation and describing the problem and the structure of the solution. The view points proposed in this paper are those we consider as requirements towards their contributions as major parties in the design, implementation, usage and maintenance of secure systems. The dramatic growth of the technology of Internet and the applications deployed in World Wide Web have lead to the situation where the security has become a very important concern in the development of secure systems. Many security approaches are currently being used in organizations. In spite of the widespread use of many different security solutions, the security remains a problem. It is argued that the approach that is described in this paper for the development of secure architecture is practical by all means. The models representing these multiple points of view are termed the requirements model (views of owner and administrator) and the operations model (views of user and network). In this paper, this multiple view paradigm is explained by first describing the specific requirements and or characteristics of secure systems (particularly in the domain of networks) and the secure architecture / system development methodology.
Abstract: The compatibility of optical resonators with microfluidic systems may be relevant for chemical and biological applications. Here, a fluorescent-core microcavity (FCM) is investigated as a refractometric sensor for heavy oils. A high-index film of silicon quantum dots (QDs) was formed inside the capillary, supporting cylindrical fluorescence whispering gallery modes (WGMs). A set of standard refractive index oils was injected into a capillary, causing a shift of the WGM resonances toward longer wavelengths. A maximum sensitivity of 240 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) was found for a nominal oil index of 1.74. As well, a sensitivity of 22 nm/RIU was obtained for a lower index of 1.48, more typical of fuel hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the observed spectra and sensitivities were compared to theoretical predictions and reproduced via FDTD simulations, showing in general an excellent agreement. This work demonstrates the potential use of FCMs for oil sensing applications and the more generally for detecting liquid solutions with a high refractive index or high viscosity.
Abstract: The supply chains (SCs) have to appeal to new management paradigms to improve their ability to respond rapidly and cost effectively to unpredictable changes in markets and increasing levels of environmental turbulence, both in terms of volume and variety. In this highly demanded context, the Agile paradigm provides the capabilities to SC quickly adapt to changes in the market requirements. The purpose of this paper is to suggest an Agile Index to assess the agility of the automotive companies and corresponding SCs. The proposed integrated assessment model incorporates Agile practices weighted according to their importance to the automotive SC competitiveness and obtained from the Delphi technique.
Abstract: Optimization of rational geometrical and mechanical
parameters of panel with curved plywood ribs is considered in this
paper. The panel consists of cylindrical plywood ribs manufactured
from Finish plywood, upper and bottom plywood flange, stiffness
diaphragms. Panel is filled with foam. Minimal ratio of structure self
weight and load that could be applied to structure is considered as
rationality criteria. Optimization is done, by using classical beam
theory without nonlinearities. Optimization of discreet design
variables is done by Genetic algorithm.
Abstract: With the advent of emerging personal computing paradigms such as ubiquitous and mobile computing, Web contents are becoming accessible from a wide range of mobile devices. Since these devices do not have the same rendering capabilities, Web contents need to be adapted for transparent access from a variety of client agents. Such content adaptation results in better rendering and faster delivery to the client device. Nevertheless, Web content adaptation sets new challenges for semantic markup. This paper presents an advanced components platform, called MorfeoSMC, enabling the development of mobility applications and services according to a channel model based on Services Oriented Architecture (SOA) principles. It then goes on to describe the potential for integration with the Semantic Web through a novel framework of external semantic annotation of mobile Web contents. The role of semantic annotation in this framework is to describe the contents of individual documents themselves, assuring the preservation of the semantics during the process of adapting content rendering, as well as to exploit these semantic annotations in a novel user profile-aware content adaptation process. Semantic Web content adaptation is a way of adding value to and facilitates repurposing of Web contents (enhanced browsing, Web Services location and access, etc).
Abstract: The impact of OO design on software quality
characteristics such as defect density and rework by mean of
experimental validation. Encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism,
reusability, Data hiding and message-passing are the major attribute
of an Object Oriented system. In order to evaluate the quality of an
Object oriented system the above said attributes can act as indicators.
The metrics are the well known quantifiable approach to express any
attribute. Hence, in this paper we tried to formulate a framework of
metrics representing the attributes of object oriented system.
Empirical Data is collected from three different projects based on
object oriented paradigms to calculate the metrics.
Abstract: In the recent years, functionally gradient materials (FGMs) have gained considerable attention in the high temperature environment applications. In this paper, free vibration of thin functionally graded cylindrical shell with hole composed of stainless steel and zirconia is studied. The mechanical properties vary smoothly and continuously from one surface to the other according to a volume fraction power-law distribution. The Influence of shell geometrical parameters, variations of volume fractions and boundary conditions on natural frequency is considered. The equations of motion are based on strains-displacement relations from Love-s shell theory and Rayleigh method. The results have been obtained for natural frequencies of cylindrical shell with holes for different shape, number and location in this paper.
Abstract: Using Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBN) to model genetic regulatory networks from gene expression data is one of the major paradigms for inferring the interactions among genes. Averaging a collection of models for predicting network is desired, rather than relying on a single high scoring model. In this paper, two kinds of model searching approaches are compared, which are Greedy hill-climbing Search with Restarts (GSR) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. The GSR is preferred in many papers, but there is no such comparison study about which one is better for DBN models. Different types of experiments have been carried out to try to give a benchmark test to these approaches. Our experimental results demonstrated that on average the MCMC methods outperform the GSR in accuracy of predicted network, and having the comparable performance in time efficiency. By proposing the different variations of MCMC and employing simulated annealing strategy, the MCMC methods become more efficient and stable. Apart from comparisons between these approaches, another objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using DBN modeling approaches for inferring gene networks from few snapshots of high dimensional gene profiles. Through synthetic data experiments as well as systematic data experiments, the experimental results revealed how the performances of these approaches can be influenced as the target gene network varies in the network size, data size, as well as system complexity.
Abstract: In a none-super-competitive environment the concepts
of closed system, management control remains to be the dominant
guiding concept to management. The merits of closed loop have been
the sources of most of the management literature and culture for
many decades. It is a useful exercise to investigate and poke into the
dynamics of the control loop phenomenon and draws some lessons to
use for refining the practice of management. This paper examines the
multitude of lessons abstracted from the behavior of the Input /output
/feedback control loop model, which is the core of control theory.
There are numerous lessons that can be learned from the insights this
model would provide and how it parallels the management dynamics
of the organization. It is assumed that an organization is basically a
living system that interacts with the internal and external variables. A
viable control loop is the one that reacts to the variation in the
environment and provide or exert a corrective action. In managing
organizations this is reflected in organizational structure and
management control practices. This paper will report findings that
were a result of examining several abstract scenarios that are
exhibited in the design, operation, and dynamics of the control loop
and how they are projected on the functioning of the organization.
Valuable lessons are drawn in trying to find parallels and new
paradigms, and how the control theory science is reflected in the
design of the organizational structure and management practices. The
paper is structured in a logical and perceptive format. Further
research is needed to extend these findings.
Abstract: In this paper a study on the vibration of thin
cylindrical shells with ring supports and made of functionally graded
materials (FGMs) composed of stainless steel and nickel is presented.
Material properties vary along the thickness direction of the shell
according to volume fraction power law. The cylindrical shells have
ring supports which are arbitrarily placed along the shell and impose
zero lateral deflections. The study is carried out based on third order
shear deformation shell theory (T.S.D.T). The analysis is carried out
using Hamilton-s principle. The governing equations of motion of
FGM cylindrical shells are derived based on shear deformation
theory. Results are presented on the frequency characteristics,
influence of ring support position and the influence of boundary
conditions. The present analysis is validated by comparing results
with those available in the literature.
Abstract: In this paper a study on the vibration of thin
cylindrical shells with ring supports and made of functionally graded
materials (FGMs) composed of stainless steel and nickel is presented.
Material properties vary along the thickness direction of the shell
according to volume fraction power law. The cylindrical shells have
ring supports which are arbitrarily placed along the shell and impose
zero lateral deflections. The study is carried out based on third order
shear deformation shell theory (T.S.D.T). The analysis is carried out
using Hamilton-s principle. The governing equations of motion of
FGM cylindrical shells are derived based on shear deformation
theory. Results are presented on the frequency characteristics,
influence of ring support position and the influence of boundary
conditions. The present analysis is validated by comparing results
with those available in the literature.
Abstract: CScheme, a concurrent programming paradigm based
on scheme concept enables concurrency schemes to be constructed
from smaller synchronization units through a GUI based composer
and latter be reused on other concurrency problems of a similar
nature. This paradigm is particularly important in the multi-core
environment prevalent nowadays. In this paper, we demonstrate
techniques to separate concurrency from functional code using the
CScheme paradigm. Then we illustrate how the CScheme
methodology can be used to solve some of the traditional
concurrency problems – critical section problem, and readers-writers
problem - using synchronization schemes such as Single Threaded
Execution Scheme, and Readers Writers Scheme.
Abstract: This study aimed at developing visualization tools for integrating CloudSat images and Water Vapor Satellite images. KML was used for integrating data from CloudSat Satellite and GMS-6 Water Vapor Satellite. CloudSat 2D images were transformed into 3D polygons in order to achieve 3D images. Before overlaying the images on Google Earth, GMS-6 water vapor satellite images had to be rescaled into linear images. Web service was developed using webMathematica. Shoreline from GMS-6 images was compared with shoreline from LandSat images on Google Earth for evaluation. The results showed that shoreline from GMS-6 images was highly matched with the shoreline in LandSat images from Google Earth. For CloudSat images, the visualizations were compared with GMS-6 images on Google Earth. The results showed that CloudSat and GMS-6 images were highly correlated.