Abstract: As a matter of the fact that online social networks like
Twitter, Facebook and MySpace have experienced an extensive
growth in recent years. Social media offers individuals with a tool for
communicating and interacting with one another. These social
networks enable people to stay in touch with other people and
express themselves. This process makes the users of online social
networks active creators of content rather than being only consumers
of traditional media. That’s why millions of people show strong
desire to learn the methods and tools of digital content production
and necessary communication skills. However, the booming interest
in communication and interaction through online social networks and
high level of eagerness to invent and implement the ways to
participate in content production raise some privacy and security
concerns.
This presentation aims to open the assumed revolutionary,
democratic and liberating nature of the online social media up for
discussion by reviewing some recent political developments in
Turkey. Firstly, the role of Internet and online social networks in
mobilizing collective movements through social interactions and
communications will be questioned. Secondly, some cases from Gezi
and Okmeydanı Protests and also December 17-25 period will be
presented in order to illustrate misinformation and manipulation in
social media and violation of individual privacy through online social
networks in order to damage social unity and stability contradictory
to democratic nature of online social networking.
Abstract: Utilization of bagasse ash for silica sources is one of
the most common application for agricultural wastes and valuable
biomass byproducts in sugar milling. The high percentage silica
content from bagasse ash was used as silica source for sodium
silicate solution. Different heating temperature, time and acid
treatment were studies for silica extraction. The silica was
characterized using various techniques including X-ray fluorescence,
X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy method,. The synthesis conditions
were optimized to obtain the bagasse ash with the maximum silica
content. The silica content of 91.57 percent was achieved from
heating of bagasse ash at 600°C for 3 hours under oxygen feeding
and HCl treatment. The result can be used as value added for bagasse
ash utilization and minimize the environmental impact of disposal
problems.
Abstract: In this paper, a parametric experimental study for producing paving blocks using fine and coarse waste glass is presented. Some of the physical and mechanical properties of paving blocks having various levels of fine glass (FG) and coarse glass (CG) replacements with fine aggregate (FA) are investigated. The test results show that the replacement of FG by FA at level of 20% by weight has a significant effect on the compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the paving blocks as compared with the control sample because of puzzolanic nature of FG. The compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the paving block samples in the FG replacement level of 20% are 69%, 90%, 47% and 15 % higher as compared with the control sample respectively. It is reported in the earlier works the replacement of FG by FA at level of 20% by weight suppress the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in the concrete. The test results show that the FG at level of 20% has a potential to be used in the production of paving blocks. The beneficial effect on these properties of CG replacement with FA is little as compared with FG.
Abstract: This paper considers the integration of assembly
operations and product structure to Cellular Manufacturing System
(CMS) design so that to correct the drawbacks of previous researches
in the literature. For this purpose, a new mathematical model is
developed which dedicates machining and assembly operations to
manufacturing cells while the objective function is to minimize the
intercellular movements resulting due to both of them. A
linearization method is applied to achieve optimum solution through
solving aforementioned nonlinear model by common programming
language such as Lingo. Then, using different examples and
comparing the results, the importance of integrating assembly
considerations is demonstrated.
Abstract: In this paper, we suggest new product-type estimators for the population mean of the variable of interest exploiting the first or the third quartile of the auxiliary variable. We obtain mean square error equations and the bias for the estimators. We study the properties of these estimators using simple random sampling (SRS) and ranked set sampling (RSS) methods. It is found that, SRS and RSS produce approximately unbiased estimators of the population mean. However, the RSS estimators are more efficient than those obtained using SRS based on the same number of measured units for all values of the correlation coefficient.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate whether there
is the promotion of product ecodesign measures as a result of
adopting ISO 14001 certification in manufacturing companies in the
Republic of Slovenia. Companies gave the most of their product
development attention to waste and energy reduction during
manufacturing process and reduction of material consumption per
unit of product. Regarding the importance of different ecodesign
criteria reduction of material consumption per unit of product was
reported as the most important criterion. Less attention is paid to endof-
life issues considering recycling or packaging. Most
manufacturing enterprises considered ISO 14001 standard as a very
useful tool or at least a useful tool helping them to accelerate and
establish product ecodesign activities. Two most frequently
considered ecodesign drivers are increased competitive advantage
and legal requirements and two most important barriers are high
development costs and insufficient market demand.
Abstract: This paper proposes the study of a robust control of
the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used in a wind energy
production. The proposed control is based on the linear active
disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and it is applied to the control
currents rotor of the DFIG, the DC bus voltage and active and
reactive power exchanged between the DFIG and the network. The
system under study and the proposed control are simulated using
MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Abstract: Moulded parts contribute to more than 70% of
components in products. However, common defects particularly in
plastic injection moulding exist such as: warpage, shrinkage, sink
marks, and weld lines. In this paper Taguchi experimental design
methods are applied to reduce the warpage defect of thin plate
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and are demonstrated in two
levels; namely, orthogonal arrays of Taguchi and the Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA). Eight trials have been run in which the optimal
parameters that can minimize the warpage defect in factorial
experiment are obtained. The results obtained from ANOVA
approach analysis with respect to those derived from MINITAB
illustrate the most significant factors which may cause warpage in
injection moulding process. Moreover, ANOVA approach in
comparison with other approaches like S/N ratio is more accurate and
with the interaction of factors it is possible to achieve higher and the
better outcomes.
Abstract: The paper presents the influence of the conventional
ploughing tillage technology in comparison with the minimum
tillage, upon the soil properties, weed control and yield in the case of
maize (Zea mays L.), soya-bean (Glycine hispida L.) and winter
wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a three years crop rotation. A
research has been conducted at the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The use of
minimum soil tillage systems within a three years rotation: maize,
soya-bean, wheat favorites the rise of the aggregates hydro stability
with 5.6-7.5% on a 0-20 cm depth and 5-11% on 20-30 cm depth.
The minimum soil tillage systems – paraplow, chisel or rotary grape
– are polyvalent alternatives for basic preparation, germination bed
preparation and sowing, for fields and crops with moderate loose
requirements being optimized technologies for: soil natural fertility
activation and rationalization, reduction of erosion, increasing the
accumulation capacity for water and realization of sowing in the
optimal period. The soil tillage system influences the productivity
elements of cultivated species and finally the productions thus
obtained. Thus, related to conventional working system, the
productions registered in minimum tillage working represented 89-
97% in maize, 103-112% in soya-bean, 93-99% in winter-wheat. The
results of investigations showed that the yield is a conclusion soil
tillage systems influence on soil properties, plant density assurance
and on weed control. Under minimum tillage systems in the case of
winter weat as an option for replacing classic ploughing, the best
results in terms of quality indices were obtained from version worked
with paraplow, followed by rotary harrow and chisel. At variants
worked with paraplow were obtained quality indices close to those of
the variant worked with plow, and protein and gluten content was
even higher. At Ariesan variety, highest protein content, 12.50% and
gluten, 28.6% was obtained for the variant paraplow.
Abstract: The conventional production of biodiesel from crude
palm oil which contains large amounts of free fatty acids in the
presence of a homogeneous base catalyst confronts the problems of
soap formation and very low yield of biodiesel. To overcome these
problems, free fatty acids must be esterified to their esters in the
presence of an acid catalyst prior to alkaline-catalyzed
transesterification. Sulfated metal oxides are a promising group of
catalysts due to their very high acidity. In this research, aluminadoped
sulfated tin oxide (SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2) catalysts were prepared
and used for esterification of free fatty acids in crude palm oil in a
batch reactor. The SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2 catalysts were prepared from
different Al precursors. The results showed that different Al
precursors gave different activities of the SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2 catalysts.
The esterification of free fatty acids in crude palm oil with methanol
in the presence of SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2 catalysts followed first-order
kinetics.
Abstract: This study aims to screen out and to optimize the
major nutrients for maximum carotenoid production and
antioxidation characteristics by Rhodotorula rubra. It was found that
supplementary of 10 g/l glucose as carbon source, 1 g/l ammonium
sulfate as nitrogen source and 1 g/l yeast extract as growth factor in
the medium provided the better yield of carotenoid content of 30.39
μg/g cell dry weight the amount of antioxidation of Rhodotorula
rubra by DPPH, ABTS and MDA method were 1.463%, 34.21% and
34.09 μmol/l, respectively.
Abstract: Product Data Management (PDM) systems for Computer
Aided Design (CAD) file management are widely established
in design processes. This management system is indispensable for
design collaboration or when design task distribution is present. It is
thus surprising that engineering design curricula has not paid much
attention in the education of PDM systems. This is also the case
for eduction of ecodesign and environmental evaluation of products.
With the rise of sustainability as a strategic aspect in companies,
environmental concerns are becoming a key issue in design. This
paper discusses the establishment of a PDM platform to be used
among technical and vocational schools in Austria. The PDM system
facilitates design collaboration among these schools. Further, it will
be discussed how the PDM system has been prepared in order to
facilitate environmental evaluation of parts, components and subassemblies
of a product. By integrating a Business Intelligence
solution, environmental Life Cycle Assessment and communication
of results is enabled.
Abstract: This study explores how the mechanics of learning
paves the way to engineering innovation. Theories related to learning
in the new product/service innovation are reviewed from an
organizational perspective, behavioral perspective, and engineering
perspective. From this, an engineering team-s external interactions
for knowledge brokering and internal composition for skill balance
are examined from a learning and innovation viewpoints. As a result,
an integrated learning model is developed by reconciling the
theoretical perspectives as well as developing propositions that
emphasize the centrality of learning, and its drivers, in the
engineering product/service development. The paper also provides a
review and partial validation of the propositions using the results of a
previously published field study in the aerospace industry.
Abstract: Current trends in manufacturing are characterized by
production broadening, innovation cycle shortening, and the products
having a new shape, material and functions. The production strategy
focused on time needed change from the traditional functional
production structure to flexible manufacturing cells and lines.
Production by automated manufacturing system (AMS) is one of the
most important manufacturing philosophies in the last years. The
main goals of the project we are involved in lies on building a
laboratory in which will be located a flexible manufacturing system
consisting of at least two production machines with NC control
(milling machines, lathe). These machines will be linked to a
transport system and they will be served by industrial robots. Within
this flexible manufacturing system a station for the quality control
consisting of a camera system and rack warehouse will be also
located. The design, analysis and improvement of this manufacturing
system, specially with a special focus on the communication among
devices constitute the main aims of this paper. The key determining
factors for the manufacturing system design are: the product, the
production volume, the used machines, the disposable manpower, the
disposable infrastructure and the legislative frame for the specific
cases.
Abstract: BioEnergy is an archetypal appropriate technology
and alternate source of energy in rural areas of China, and can meet
the basic need for cooking fuel in rural areas. The paper introduces
with an alternate mean of research that can accelerate the biogas
energy production. Tithonia diversifolia or the Tree marigold can be
hailed as mesophillic anaerobic digestion to increase the production
of more Bioenergy. Tithonia diversifolia is very native to Mexico and
Central America, which can be served as ornamental plants- green
manure and can prevent soil erosion. Tithonia diversifolia is widely
grown and known to Asia, Africa, America and Australia as well.
Nowadays, Considering China’s geographical condition it is found
that Tithonia diversifolia is widely growing plant in the many tropical
and subtropical regions of southern Yunnan- which can have great
usage in accelerating and increasing the Bioenergy production
technology. The paper discussed aiming at proving possibility that
Tithonia diversifolia can be applied in biogas fermentation and its
biogas production potential, the research carried experiment on
Tithonia diversifolia biogas fermentation under the mesophilic
condition (35 Celsius Degree). The result revealed that Tithonia
diversifolia can be used as biogas fermentative material, and 6%
concentration can get the best biogas production, with the TS biogas
production rate 656mL/g and VS biogas production rate 801mL/g. It
is well addressed that Tithonia diversifolia grows wildly in 53
Counties and 9 cities of Yunnan Province, which mainly grows in
form of the road side plants, the edge of the field, countryside, forest
edge, open space; of which demersum-natures can form dense
monospecific beds -causing serious harm to agricultural production
landforms threatening the ecological system as a potentially harmful
exotic plant. There are also found the three types of invasive daisy
alien plants -Eupatorium adenophorum, Eupatorium Odorata and
Tithonia diversifolia in Yunnan Province of China-among them the
Tithonia diversifolia is responsible for causing serious harm to
agricultural production. In this paper we have designed the
experimental explanation of Biogas energy production that requires
anaerobic environment and some microbes; Tithonia diversifolia
plant has been taken into consideration while carrying experiments
and with successful resulting of generating more BioEnergy
emphasizing on the practical applications of Tithonia diversifolia.
This paper aims at- to find a new mechanism to provide a more
scientific basis for the development of this plant herbicides in Biogas
energy and to improve the utilization throughout the world as well.
Abstract: The complex structure of lignocellulose leads to great
difficulties in converting it to fermentable sugars for the ethanol
production. The major hydrolysis impediments are the crystallinity of
cellulose and the lignin content. To improve the efficiency of
enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial pretreatment of corncob was
investigated using two bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis A 002 and
Cellulomonas sp. TISTR 784 (expected to break open the crystalline
part of cellulose) and lignin-degrading fungus, Phanerochaete
sordida SK7 (expected to remove lignin from lignocellulose). The
microbial pretreatment was carried out with each strain under its
optimum conditions. The pretreated corncob samples were further
hydrolyzed to produce reducing glucose with low amounts of
commercial cellulase (25 U·g-1 corncob) from Aspergillus niger. The
corncob samples were determined for composition change by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
and scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the results,
the microbial pretreatment with fungus, P. sordida SK7 was the most
effective for enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis, approximately, 40%
improvement.
Abstract: Disparity in India has been persisting since independence causing many socioeconomic problems and its removal has become the most prime objective of the planned development in India. Hence the paper attempts to study the disparity at State and Regional level and gives inclusive planning guidelines to achieve balanced regional development. At State level, the relative socioeconomic backwardness of Vidarbha Region based on Interregional analysis using selected indicators like Foreign Direct Investment, Human Development Index, Per Capita District Domestic Product has been assessed and broad guidelines have been proposed. In the later part at Regional level, the relative backwardness of districts based on Intraregional analysis using socioeconomic indicators has been assessed within Nagpur sub region and factors responsible for backwardness & disparity have been indicated. The policy guidelines for Identified sub region have been proposed based on the most significant factor and their extent of relationship explaining backwardness Nagpur sub region.
Abstract: The paper proposes a new concept in developing
collaborative design system. The concept framework involves
applying simulation of supply chain management to collaborative
design called – 'SCM–Based Design Tool'. The system is developed
particularly to support design activities and to integrate all facilities
together. The system is aimed to increase design productivity and
creativity. Therefore, designers and customers can collaborate by the
system since conceptual design. JAG: Jewelry Art Generator based
on artificial intelligence techniques is integrated into the system.
Moreover, the proposed system can support users as decision tool
and data propagation. The system covers since raw material supply
until product delivery. Data management and sharing information are
visually supported to designers and customers via user interface. The
system is developed on Web–assisted product development
environment. The prototype system is presented for Thai jewelry
industry as a system prototype demonstration, but applicable for
other industry.
Abstract: Wheat prediction was carried out using different meteorological variables together with agro meteorological indices in Ardebil district for the years 2004-2005 & 2005–2006. On the basis of correlation coefficients, standard error of estimate as well as relative deviation of predicted yield from actual yield using different statistical models, the best subset of agro meteorological indices were selected including daily minimum temperature (Tmin), accumulated difference of maximum & minimum temperatures (TD), growing degree days (GDD), accumulated water vapor pressure deficit (VPD), sunshine hours (SH) & potential evapotranspiration (PET). Yield prediction was done two months in advance before harvesting time which was coincide with commencement of reproductive stage of wheat (5th of June). It revealed that in the final statistical models, 83% of wheat yield variability was accounted for variation in above agro meteorological indices.
Abstract: Today, transport and logistic systems are often tightly
integrated in the production. Lean production and just-in-time delivering create multiple constraints that have to be fulfilled. As transport networks often have evolved over time they are very
expensive to change. This paper describes a discrete-event-simulation
system which simulates transportation models using real time
resource routing and collision avoidance. It allows for the
specification of own control algorithms and validation of new
strategies. The simulation is integrated into a virtual reality (VR)
environment and can be displayed in 3-D to show the progress.
Simulation elements can be selected through VR metaphors. All data
gathered during the simulation can be presented as a detailed summary afterwards. The included cost-benefit calculation can help to optimize the financial outcome. The operation of this approach is shown by the example of a timber harvest simulation.