Abstract: In this paper, we propose an energy efficient cluster
based communication protocol for wireless sensor network. Our
protocol considers both the residual energy of sensor nodes and the
distance of each node from the BS when selecting cluster-head. This
protocol can successfully prolong the network-s lifetime by 1)
reducing the total energy dissipation on the network and 2) evenly
distributing energy consumption over all sensor nodes. In this
protocol, the nodes with more energy and less distance from the BS
are probable to be selected as cluster-head. Simulation results with
MATLAB show that proposed protocol could increase the lifetime of
network more than 94% for first node die (FND), and more than 6%
for the half of the nodes alive (HNA) factor as compared with
conventional protocols.
Abstract: This paper presents the experimental results of silicone rubber polymer insulators for 22 kV systems under salt water dip wheel test based on IEC 62217. Straight shed silicone rubber polymer insulators having leakage distance 685 mm were tested continuously 30,000 cycles. One test cycle includes 4 positions, energized, de-energized, salt water dip and deenergized, respectively. For one test cycle, each test specimen remains stationary for about 40 second in each position and takes 8 second for rotate to next position. By visual observation, sever surface erosion was observed on the trunk near the energized end of tested specimen. Puncture was observed on the upper shed near the energized end. In addition, decreasing in hydrophobicity and increasing in hardness were measured on tested specimen comparing with new specimen. Furthermore, chemical analysis by ATR-FTIR was conducted in order to elucidate the chemical change of tested specimens comparing with new specimen.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a new and effective image indexing technique that extracts features directly from DCT domain. Our proposed approach is an object-based image indexing. For each block of size 8*8 in DCT domain a feature vector is extracted. Then, feature vectors of all blocks of image using a k-means algorithm is clustered into groups. Each cluster represents a special object of the image. Then we select some clusters that have largest members after clustering. The centroids of the selected clusters are taken as image feature vectors and indexed into the database. Also, we propose an approach for using of proposed image indexing method in automatic image classification. Experimental results on a database of 800 images from 8 semantic groups in automatic image classification are reported.
Abstract: Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is one of the most
commonest constructed asphalts in Iran and the quality control of
constructed roads with HMA have been always paid due attention by
researchers. The quality control of constructed roads with this
method is being usually carried out by measuring volumetric
parameters of HMA marshall samples. One of the important
parameters that has a critical role in changing these volumetric
parameters is “compaction temperature"; which as a result of its
changing, volumetric parameters of Marshall Samples and
subsequently constructed asphalt is encountered with variations. In
this study, considering the necessity of preservation of the
compaction temperature, the effect of various temperatures on Hot
Mix Asphalt (HMA) samples properties has been evaluated. As well,
to evaluate the effect of this parameter on different grading, two
different grading (Top coat index grading and binder index grading)
have been used and samples were compacted at 5 various
temperatures.
Abstract: As the demand for higher capacity in a cellular environment increases, the cell size decreases. This fact makes the role of suitable handoff algorithms to reduce both number of handoffs and handoff delay more important. In this paper we show that applying the grey prediction technique for handoff leads to considerable decrease in handoff delay with using a small number of handoffs, compared with traditional hystersis based handoff algorithms.
Abstract: Designing a simulated system and training it to optimize its tasks in simulated environment helps the designers to avoid problems that may appear when designing the system directly in real world. These problems are: time consuming, high cost, high errors percentage and low efficiency and accuracy of the system. The proposed system will investigate and improve the efficiency and accuracy of a simulated robot to choose correct behavior to perform its task. In this paper, machine learning, which uses genetic algorithm, is adopted. This type of machine learning is called genetic-based machine learning in which a distributed classifier system is used to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the robot. Consequently, it helps the robot to achieve optimal action.
Abstract: In this study is presented a general methodology to
predict the performance of a continuous near-critical fluid extraction
process to remove compounds from aqueous solutions using hollow
fiber membrane contactors. A comprehensive 2D mathematical
model was developed to study Porocritical extraction process. The
system studied in this work is a membrane based extractor of ethanol
and acetone from aqueous solutions using near-critical CO2.
Predictions of extraction percentages obtained by simulations have
been compared to the experimental values reported by Bothun et al.
[5]. Simulations of extraction percentage of ethanol and acetone
show an average difference of 9.3% and 6.5% with the experimental
data, respectively. More accurate predictions of the extraction of
acetone could be explained by a better estimation of the transport
properties in the aqueous phase that controls the extraction of this
solute.
Abstract: Development, calibration and validation of a threedimensional
model of the Legform impactor for pedestrian crash with
bumper are presented. Lower limb injury is becoming an increasingly
important concern in vehicle safety for both occupants and
pedestrians. In order to prevent lower extremity injuries to a
pedestrian when struck by a car, it is important to elucidate the
loadings from car front structures on the lower extremities and the
injury mechanism caused by these loadings. An impact test
procedure with a legform addressing lower limb injuries in car
pedestrian accidents has been proposed by EEVC/WG17. In this
study a modified legform impactor is introduced and validated
against EEVC/WG17 criteria. The finite element model of this
legform is developed using LS-DYNA software. Total mass of
legform impactor is 13.4 kg.Technical specifications including the
mass and location of the center of gravity and moment of inertia
about a horizontal axis through the respective centre of gravity in
femur and tibia are determined. The obtained results of legform
impactor static and dynamic tests are as specified in the
EEVC/WG17.
Abstract: The most severe damage of the turbine rotor is its
distortion. The rotor straightening process must lead, at the first
stage, to removal of the stresses from the material by annealing and
next, to straightening of the plastic distortion without leaving any
stress by hot spotting. The straightening method does not produce
stress accumulations and the heating technique, developed
specifically for solid forged rotors and disks, enables to avoid local
overheating and structural changes in the material. This process also
does not leave stresses in the shaft material. An experimental study
of hot spotting is carried out on a large turbine rotor and some of the
most important effective parameters that must be considered on
annealing and hot spotting processes are investigated in this paper.
Abstract: Twelve lactating Etawah Crossedbred goats were used
in this study. Goat feed consisted of Cally andra callothyrsus,
Pennisetum purpureum, wheat bran and dried fermented cassava
peel. The cassava peels were fermented with a traditional culture
called “ragi tape" (mixed culture of Saccharomyces cerevisae,
Aspergillus sp, Candida, Hasnula and Acetobacter). The goats were
divided into 2 groups (Control and Treated) of six does. The
experimental diet of the Control group consisted of 70% of roughage
(fresh Callyandra callothyrsus and Pennisetum purpureum 60:40)
and 30% of wheat bran on dry matter (DM) base. In the Treated
group 30% of wheat bran was replaced with dried fermented cassava
peels. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance
followed SPSS program. The concentration of HCN in fermented
cassava peel decreased to non toxic level. Nutrient composition of
dried fermented cassava peel consisted of 85.75% dry matter;
5.80% crude protein and 82.51% total digestible nutrien (TDN).
Substitution of 30% of wheat bran with dried fermented cassava peel
in the diet had no effect on dry matter and organic matter intake but
significantly (P< 0.05) decreased crude protein and TDN
consumption as well as milk yields and milk composition. The study
recommended to reduced the level of substitution to less than 30% of
concentrates in the diet in order to avoid low nutrient intake and milk
production of goats.
Abstract: Although Face detection is not a recent activity in the
field of image processing, it is still an open area for research. The
greatest step in this field is the work reported by Viola and its recent
analogous is Huang et al. Both of them use similar features and also
similar training process. The former is just for detecting upright
faces, but the latter can detect multi-view faces in still grayscale
images using new features called 'sparse feature'. Finding these
features is very time consuming and inefficient by proposed methods.
Here, we propose a new approach for finding sparse features using a
genetic algorithm system. This method requires less computational
cost and gets more effective features in learning process for face
detection that causes more accuracy.
Abstract: In this research the separation efficiency of deoiling hydrocyclone is evaluated using three-dimensional simulation of multiphase flow based on Eulerian-Eulerian finite volume method. The mixture approach of Reynolds Stress Model is also employed to capture the features of turbulent multiphase swirling flow. The obtained separation efficiency of Colman's design is compared with available experimental data and showed that the separation curve of deoiling hydrocyclones can be predicted using numerical simulation.
Abstract: Nowadays, several techniques such as; Fuzzy
Inference System (FIS) and Neural Network (NN) are employed for
developing of the predictive models to estimate parameters of water
quality. The main objective of this study is to compare between the
predictive ability of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System
(ANFIS) model and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to
estimate the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) on data from 11
sampling sites of Saen Saep canal in Bangkok, Thailand. The data is
obtained from the Department of Drainage and Sewerage, Bangkok
Metropolitan Administration, during 2004-2011. The five parameters
of water quality namely Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen
Demand (COD), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3N), Nitrate Nitrogen
(NO3N), and Total Coliform bacteria (T-coliform) are used as the
input of the models. These water quality indices affect the
biochemical oxygen demand. The experimental results indicate that
the ANN model provides a higher correlation coefficient (R=0.73)
and a lower root mean square error (RMSE=4.53) than the
corresponding ANFIS model.
Abstract: The hospital and the health-care center of a
community, as a place for people-s life-care and health-care settings,
must provide more and better services for patients or residents. After
Establishing Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system -which is a
necessity- in the hospital, providing pervasive services is a further
step. Our objective in this paper is to use pervasive computing in a
case study of healthcare, based on EMR database that coordinates
application services over network to form a service environment for
medical and health-care. Our method also categorizes the hospital
spaces into 3 spaces: Public spaces, Private spaces and Isolated
spaces. Although, there are many projects about using pervasive
computing in healthcare, but all of them concentrate on the disease
recognition, designing smart cloths, or provide services only for
patient. The proposed method is implemented in a hospital. The
obtained results show that it is suitable for our purpose.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to study the analysis and testing for determining the torsional stiffness of the student formula-s space frame. From past study, the space frame for Chulalongkorn University Student Formula team used in 2011 TSAE Auto Challenge Student Formula in Thailand was designed by considering required mass and torsional stiffness based on the numerical method and experimental method. The numerical result was compared with the experimental results to verify the torsional stiffness of the space frame. It can be seen from the large error of torsional stiffness of 2011 frame that the experimental result can not verify by the numerical analysis due to the different between the numerical model and experimental setting. In this paper, the numerical analysis and experiment of the same 2011 frame model is performed by improving the model setting. The improvement of both numerical analysis and experiment are discussed to confirm that the models from both methods are same. After the frame was analyzed and tested, the results are compared to verify the torsional stiffness of the frame. It can be concluded that the improved analysis and experiments can used to verify the torsional stiffness of the space frame.
Abstract: Whole genome duplication (WGD) increased the
number of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes from 8 to
16. In spite of retention the number of chromosomes in the genome
of this organism after WGD to date, chromosomal rearrangement
events have caused an evolutionary distance between current genome
and its ancestor. Studies under evolutionary-based approaches on
eukaryotic genomes have shown that the rearrangement distance is an
approximable problem. In the case of S. cerevisiae, we describe that
rearrangement distance is accessible by using dedoubled adjacency
graph drawn for 55 large paired chromosomal regions originated
from WGD. Then, we provide a program extracted from a C program
database to draw a dedoubled genome adjacency graph for S.
cerevisiae. From a bioinformatical perspective, using the duplicated
blocks of current genome in S. cerevisiae, we infer that genomic
organization of eukaryotes has the potential to provide valuable
detailed information about their ancestrygenome.
Abstract: Green Lean Total Quality Management (TQM)
System is a system comprises of Environmental Management System
(EMS) practices which is integrated to TQM with Lean
Manufacturing (LM) principles. The ultimate goal of this system is to
focus on achieving total customer satisfaction and environmental care by removing eight wastes available in any process in an
organization. A survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to 30 highly active automotive vendors in Malaysia and analyzed by
SPSS v.17. It was found out that some vendors have been practicing TQM and LM while some have started to implement EMS. This
study is only focusing on highly active companies that have been involved in MAJAICO Program and Proton Vendor Development
Program. This is the first study conducted to know the current status of TQM, LM and EMS practices in highly active automotive companies in Malaysia. It was found out that EMS has been
practiced by 16 companies out of 30. Within these 16 companies the
approach is more holistic and green. This is a preliminary study that combined 4 awards practices, ISO/TS16949, Toyota Production
System SAEJ4000, MAJAICO Lean Production System and EMS.
Abstract: Different problems may causes distortion of the rotor,
and hence vibration, which is the most severe damage of the turbine
rotors. In many years different techniques have been developed for
the straightening of bent rotors. The method for straightening can be
selected according to initial information from preliminary inspections
and tests such as nondestructive tests, chemical analysis, run out tests
and also a knowledge of the shaft material. This article covers the
various causes of excessive bends and then some applicable common
straightening methods are reviewed. Finally, hot spotting is opted for
a particular bent rotor. A 325 MW steam turbine rotor is modeled and
finite element analyses are arranged to investigate this straightening
process. Results of experimental data show that performing the exact
hot spot straightening process reduced the bending of the rotor
significantly.
Abstract: In this note the notion of interval-valued fuzzy BG-algebras (briefly, i-v fuzzy BG-algebras), the level and strong level BG-subalgebra is introduced. Then we state and prove some theorems which determine the relationship between these notions and BG-subalgebras. The images and inverse images of i-v fuzzy BG-subalgebras are defined, and how the homomorphic images and inverse images of i-v fuzzy BG-subalgebra becomes i-v fuzzy BG-algebras are studied.
Abstract: Sedimentation in reservoirs and the corresponding
loss of storage capacity is one of the most serious problems in dam
engineering. Pressurized flushing, a way to remove sediments from the reservoir, is flushing under a pressurized flow condition and
nearly constant water level. Pressurized flushing has only local
effects around the outlet. Sediment in the vicinity of the outlet openings is scoured and a funnel shaped crater is created. In this study, the temporal development of flushing cone under various
hydraulic conditions was studied experimentally. Time variations of
parameters such as maximum length and width of flushing and also
depth of scouring cone was measured. Results indicated that an
increase in flow velocity (and consequently in Froude number)
established new hydraulically conditions for flushing mechanism and
so a sudden growth was observed in the amount of sediment released
and also scouring dimenssions. In addition, a set of nondimensional
relationships were identified for temporal variations of flushing scour
dimenssions, which can eventuallt be used to estimate the development of flushing cone.