Transformation of the Traditional Landscape of Kabul Old City: A Study for Its Conservation
This study investigates the transformation of the traditional landscape of Kabul Old City through an examination of five case study areas. Based on physical observation, three types of houses are found: traditional, mixed and modern. Firstly, characteristics of the houses are described according to construction materials and the number of stories. Secondly, internal and external factors are considered in order to implement a conservation plan. Finally, an adaptive conservation plan is suggested to protect the traditional landscape of Kabul Old City.
[1] Kabul Municipality: “Master plan of Kabul City.” available at http://km.gov.af/1096/, 2013.
[2] Schadl Marcus: “A Program for the Rehabilitation and Development of Kabul Historic Center.” Development of Kabul, pp. 13–17, 2004.
[3] Erwin Grotzbach: “Städte und Basare in Afghanistan.” Wiesbaden, 1979.
[4] Breshna Zahra: “A Program for the Rehabilitation and Development of Kabul Historic Center.” Development of Kabul, pp. 23–49, 2004.
[5] JICA: “Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Area Development.” Capacity Development Project, 2011.
[6] Noori Habib and Anna Soave: “Urban Conservation in the Historic Neighborhoods of Kabul in Aga Khan Historic Cities Program.” Urban Conservation and Area Development in Afghanistan, Geneva: Aga Khan Trust for Culture, 2007.
[7] AKTC: “Afghanistan: Preserving Historic Heritage.” The Aga Khan Historic Cities Programme, Prestel Press, 2017.
[8] Nabizada Toofan: “A Study on the Spatial Structure of Houses and Open Spaces by the Analysis of Physical Improvements and Daily Activities in the Typical Residential Areas in Kabul City.” 2013.
[9] Sharifzai, M. S., Kitagawa, K., Halimee, M. K., Habib, J., and Sakaguchi, D.: “A Comparative Study of Afghan Traditional and Contemporary Courtyard Housing Regarding Affordable Planning and Sustainability.” World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 10 (3), 412–417, 2016.
[10] Schadl Marcus: “Tradition and Transformation of the Kabuli Courtyard House.” The Courtyard House, Routledge, pp. 77–94, 2017.
[11] Calogero Pietro Anders: “Planning Kabul: the politics of urbanization in Afghanistan.” Diss, UC Berkeley, 2011.
[12] JICA: “Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Area Development.” Draft Kabul City Master Plan, 2011.
[13] Kabul Municipality: “Historical Buildings in Kabul City.” available at http://km.gov.af/files/Historical%20book.pdf, 2017. (In the Dari language).
[14] Fazel Solaiman M: “Ethnohistory of the Qizilbash in Kabul: Migration, State, and a Shi'a Minority.” 2017.
[15] Omer Spahić: "From Mosques to Khanqahs: The Origins and Rise of Sufi Institutions." KEMANUSIAAN: The Asian Journal of Humanities 21.1, 2014.
[16] Kazimee Bashir Ahmad: “Urban/rural dwelling environments: Kabul, Afghanistan.” Diss, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1977.
[1] Kabul Municipality: “Master plan of Kabul City.” available at http://km.gov.af/1096/, 2013.
[2] Schadl Marcus: “A Program for the Rehabilitation and Development of Kabul Historic Center.” Development of Kabul, pp. 13–17, 2004.
[3] Erwin Grotzbach: “Städte und Basare in Afghanistan.” Wiesbaden, 1979.
[4] Breshna Zahra: “A Program for the Rehabilitation and Development of Kabul Historic Center.” Development of Kabul, pp. 23–49, 2004.
[5] JICA: “Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Area Development.” Capacity Development Project, 2011.
[6] Noori Habib and Anna Soave: “Urban Conservation in the Historic Neighborhoods of Kabul in Aga Khan Historic Cities Program.” Urban Conservation and Area Development in Afghanistan, Geneva: Aga Khan Trust for Culture, 2007.
[7] AKTC: “Afghanistan: Preserving Historic Heritage.” The Aga Khan Historic Cities Programme, Prestel Press, 2017.
[8] Nabizada Toofan: “A Study on the Spatial Structure of Houses and Open Spaces by the Analysis of Physical Improvements and Daily Activities in the Typical Residential Areas in Kabul City.” 2013.
[9] Sharifzai, M. S., Kitagawa, K., Halimee, M. K., Habib, J., and Sakaguchi, D.: “A Comparative Study of Afghan Traditional and Contemporary Courtyard Housing Regarding Affordable Planning and Sustainability.” World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 10 (3), 412–417, 2016.
[10] Schadl Marcus: “Tradition and Transformation of the Kabuli Courtyard House.” The Courtyard House, Routledge, pp. 77–94, 2017.
[11] Calogero Pietro Anders: “Planning Kabul: the politics of urbanization in Afghanistan.” Diss, UC Berkeley, 2011.
[12] JICA: “Promotion of Kabul Metropolitan Area Development.” Draft Kabul City Master Plan, 2011.
[13] Kabul Municipality: “Historical Buildings in Kabul City.” available at http://km.gov.af/files/Historical%20book.pdf, 2017. (In the Dari language).
[14] Fazel Solaiman M: “Ethnohistory of the Qizilbash in Kabul: Migration, State, and a Shi'a Minority.” 2017.
[15] Omer Spahić: "From Mosques to Khanqahs: The Origins and Rise of Sufi Institutions." KEMANUSIAAN: The Asian Journal of Humanities 21.1, 2014.
[16] Kazimee Bashir Ahmad: “Urban/rural dwelling environments: Kabul, Afghanistan.” Diss, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1977.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:78622", author = "Mohammad Umar Azizi and Tetsuya Ando", title = "Transformation of the Traditional Landscape of Kabul Old City: A Study for Its Conservation ", abstract = "This study investigates the transformation of the traditional landscape of Kabul Old City through an examination of five case study areas. Based on physical observation, three types of houses are found: traditional, mixed and modern. Firstly, characteristics of the houses are described according to construction materials and the number of stories. Secondly, internal and external factors are considered in order to implement a conservation plan. Finally, an adaptive conservation plan is suggested to protect the traditional landscape of Kabul Old City.", keywords = "Conservation, District 1, Kabul Old City, landscape, transformation, traditional houses.", volume = "13", number = "4", pages = "204-6", }
