Hair Mechanical Properties Depending on Age and Origin
Hair is a non homogenous complex material which
can be associated with a polymer. It is made up 95% of Keratin.
Hair has a great social significance for human beings. In the High
Middle Ages, for example, long hairs have been reserved for kings
and nobles.
Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types
and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial which can
vary depending on ethnic origin or on age, hair colour for example
can be a sign of ethnic ancestry or age (dark hair for Asiatic, blond
hair for Caucasian and white hair for old people in general).
In this context, different approaches have been conducted to
determine the differences in mechanical properties and characterize
the fracture topography at the surface of hair depending on its type
and its age.
A tensile testing machine was especially designed to achieve
tensile tests on hair. This device is composed of a microdisplacement
system and a force sensor whose peak load is limited to
3N. The curves and the values extracted from each experiment, allow
us to compare the evolution of the mechanical properties from one
hair to another.
Observations with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and
with an interferometer were made on different hairs. Thus, it is
possible to access the cuticle state and the fracture topography for
each category.
[1] Danilatos G and Feughelman M. "Dynamic mechanical properties of ╬▒-
keratin fibers during extension". J. Macrol. Sci. -phys. 1979, B16 (4):
581-602
[2] Feughelman M. "The physical properties of alpha-keratin fibers". J. Soc.
Cosmet. Chem. 1982, 33: 385-406.
[3] Pichon E. "Etude des propriétés mécaniques du cheveu. Essais de
traction et de relaxation. Modélisation. R├┤le de divers facteurs
expérimentaux". Thèse Sciences 1989-18-N d-ordre : 104.
[4] Nikiforidis G, Tsambaos D, Balas C and Bezerianos A. "A Method for
the Determination of Viscoelastic Parameters of Human Hair in relation
to its structure". Skin Pharmacol 1993; 6: 32-37.
[5] Guohua Wei, Bharat Bhushan and Peter M. Torgerson.
"Nanomechanical characterization of human hair using nanoindentation
and SEM".Ultramicroscopy, Volume 105, Issues 1-4, November 2005,
248-266.
[6] Duvel L, Chun H, Deppa D and Wertz P.W. "Analysis of hair lipids and
tensile properties as a function of distance from scalp". International
Journal of cosmetic Science. 2005, 27: 193 - 197.
[7] Berivan Erik, Hasan Havitcioglu, sebnem Aktan and Nuriye Karakus.
"Biomechanical properties of human hair with different parameters".
Skin Research and Technology. 2008; 14: 147-151.
[8] Fougère M. "Contribution ├á la compréhension des mécanismes thermo -
mécaniques et tribologiques des cheveux ". Thèse 2009 - N d-ordre : 526
MI. (Unpublished work style), unpublished.
[9] Vargiolu R. "De la fabrication ├á l-utilisation d-objets archéologiques -
apports de la tribologie". Thèse 2008. (Unpublished work style),
unpublished.
[1] Danilatos G and Feughelman M. "Dynamic mechanical properties of ╬▒-
keratin fibers during extension". J. Macrol. Sci. -phys. 1979, B16 (4):
581-602
[2] Feughelman M. "The physical properties of alpha-keratin fibers". J. Soc.
Cosmet. Chem. 1982, 33: 385-406.
[3] Pichon E. "Etude des propriétés mécaniques du cheveu. Essais de
traction et de relaxation. Modélisation. R├┤le de divers facteurs
expérimentaux". Thèse Sciences 1989-18-N d-ordre : 104.
[4] Nikiforidis G, Tsambaos D, Balas C and Bezerianos A. "A Method for
the Determination of Viscoelastic Parameters of Human Hair in relation
to its structure". Skin Pharmacol 1993; 6: 32-37.
[5] Guohua Wei, Bharat Bhushan and Peter M. Torgerson.
"Nanomechanical characterization of human hair using nanoindentation
and SEM".Ultramicroscopy, Volume 105, Issues 1-4, November 2005,
248-266.
[6] Duvel L, Chun H, Deppa D and Wertz P.W. "Analysis of hair lipids and
tensile properties as a function of distance from scalp". International
Journal of cosmetic Science. 2005, 27: 193 - 197.
[7] Berivan Erik, Hasan Havitcioglu, sebnem Aktan and Nuriye Karakus.
"Biomechanical properties of human hair with different parameters".
Skin Research and Technology. 2008; 14: 147-151.
[8] Fougère M. "Contribution ├á la compréhension des mécanismes thermo -
mécaniques et tribologiques des cheveux ". Thèse 2009 - N d-ordre : 526
MI. (Unpublished work style), unpublished.
[9] Vargiolu R. "De la fabrication ├á l-utilisation d-objets archéologiques -
apports de la tribologie". Thèse 2008. (Unpublished work style),
unpublished.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:59352", author = "Meriem Benzarti and Mohamed Ben Tkaya and Cyril Pailler Mattei and Hassan Zahouani", title = "Hair Mechanical Properties Depending on Age and Origin", abstract = "Hair is a non homogenous complex material which
can be associated with a polymer. It is made up 95% of Keratin.
Hair has a great social significance for human beings. In the High
Middle Ages, for example, long hairs have been reserved for kings
and nobles.
Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types
and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial which can
vary depending on ethnic origin or on age, hair colour for example
can be a sign of ethnic ancestry or age (dark hair for Asiatic, blond
hair for Caucasian and white hair for old people in general).
In this context, different approaches have been conducted to
determine the differences in mechanical properties and characterize
the fracture topography at the surface of hair depending on its type
and its age.
A tensile testing machine was especially designed to achieve
tensile tests on hair. This device is composed of a microdisplacement
system and a force sensor whose peak load is limited to
3N. The curves and the values extracted from each experiment, allow
us to compare the evolution of the mechanical properties from one
hair to another.
Observations with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and
with an interferometer were made on different hairs. Thus, it is
possible to access the cuticle state and the fracture topography for
each category.", keywords = "Hair, relaxation test, SEM, interferometer,mechanical properties.", volume = "5", number = "2", pages = "65-7", }