Experimental Study of Steel Slag Used as Aggregate in Asphalt Mixture
Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry and can
be used potentially as aggregate in the asphalt mixture. This study
evaluates the use of Steel Slag Aggregates (SSA) as a substitute for
natural aggregates in the production of hot mix asphalt (HMA) for
road construction. Based on intensive laboratory testing program, the
characteristic properties of SSA were assessed to determine its
suitability to be used in HMA. Four different percentages (0, 50, 75,
and 100%) of SSA were used, and the proposed mix designs for
HMA were conducted in accordance with Marshall mix design. The
experiment results revealed that the addition of SSA has a significant
improvement on the properties of HMA. An increase in density and
stability and a reduction in flow and air voids values were clearly
observed in specimens prepared with 100% SSA. It is concluded that
the steel slag can be considered reasonable alternative source of
aggregate for concrete asphalt mixture production.
[1] A. S. Noureldin, and R. S. McDaniel, “Evaluation of Surfaces Mixtures
of Steel Slag and Asphalt,” Transportation Research Record 1296, 1990.
[2] W. George, and E. John, “Technology of Slag Utilization in Highway
Construction,” Presented at the Environmental Benefits on In-situ
Material Recycling and Strengthening Session, Annual Conference, Transportation Association of Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada,
2004.
[3] C. Shi, “Steel Slag—Its Production, Processing, Characteristics, and
Cementitious Properties,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 16,
ASCE,2004, pp. 230-236.
[4] R. S.Kalyoncu, Slag iron and Steel. US Geological Survey Minerals
Yearbook, 2001.
[5] J. Emery, Steel Slag Utilization in Asphalt Mixes. National Slag
Association, MF 186-1, 1984, www.nationalslagassoc.org
[6] Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center (TFHRC) and Department
of Transportation and Federal Highway Administration,steel slagmaterial
description. 2002.
[7] P. Kumar, A. Kumar, “Steel industry waste utilization in road sector of
India,”J. Inst. Eng. (India) Civil Eng. Div., 80(2000)4, pp. 182-185.
[8] R. Dippenaar, “Industrial uses of slag (the use and reuse of iron and
steelmaking slags)Ironmaking Steelmaking,” 32(2005)1, pp. 35-46.
[9] D. W. Lewis, Properties and Uses of Iron and Steel Slags. National Slag
Association, MF 182-6, 1982, www.nationalslagassoc.org.
[10] National Slag Association (NSA),Steel Slag Product Information. 2013,
www.nationalslag.org.
[11] Federal Highway Administration (FHA),User Guidelines for Waste and
Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction. April2012.
[12] GEOPAVE, “Steel Slag Aggregates,”Material Technology,Technical
note 9, Nov. 1993.
[13] J. J. Emery, “Slags as Industrial Minerals,” Proceedings, Third
Industrial Minerals International Congress, Metal Bulletin Group,
London, 1978.
[14] ASTM, Annual Book of ASTM Standard. American Society for Testing
and Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2001.
[15] Asphalt Institute,Mix design methods. Manual Series No. 2 (MS-2).
Asphalt Institute Research Center, Lexington, Ky, 1997.
[16] P. Ahmedzade and B. Sengoz, “Evaluation of Steel Slag Coarse
Aggregate in Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete,” Journal of Hazardous
Materials 165, pp. 300-305, 2009.
[17] M. Pasetto and N. Baldo, “Experimental Evaluation of High-
Performance Base Course and Road Base Asphalt Concrete with
Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slags,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 181,
pp. 938-948, 2010.
[18] F. Kehagia, “Skid Resistance Performance of Asphalt Wearing Courses
with Electric Arc Furnace Slag Aggregates,” Waste Management &
Research 27, pp. 288-294, 2009.
[1] A. S. Noureldin, and R. S. McDaniel, “Evaluation of Surfaces Mixtures
of Steel Slag and Asphalt,” Transportation Research Record 1296, 1990.
[2] W. George, and E. John, “Technology of Slag Utilization in Highway
Construction,” Presented at the Environmental Benefits on In-situ
Material Recycling and Strengthening Session, Annual Conference, Transportation Association of Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada,
2004.
[3] C. Shi, “Steel Slag—Its Production, Processing, Characteristics, and
Cementitious Properties,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 16,
ASCE,2004, pp. 230-236.
[4] R. S.Kalyoncu, Slag iron and Steel. US Geological Survey Minerals
Yearbook, 2001.
[5] J. Emery, Steel Slag Utilization in Asphalt Mixes. National Slag
Association, MF 186-1, 1984, www.nationalslagassoc.org
[6] Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center (TFHRC) and Department
of Transportation and Federal Highway Administration,steel slagmaterial
description. 2002.
[7] P. Kumar, A. Kumar, “Steel industry waste utilization in road sector of
India,”J. Inst. Eng. (India) Civil Eng. Div., 80(2000)4, pp. 182-185.
[8] R. Dippenaar, “Industrial uses of slag (the use and reuse of iron and
steelmaking slags)Ironmaking Steelmaking,” 32(2005)1, pp. 35-46.
[9] D. W. Lewis, Properties and Uses of Iron and Steel Slags. National Slag
Association, MF 182-6, 1982, www.nationalslagassoc.org.
[10] National Slag Association (NSA),Steel Slag Product Information. 2013,
www.nationalslag.org.
[11] Federal Highway Administration (FHA),User Guidelines for Waste and
Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction. April2012.
[12] GEOPAVE, “Steel Slag Aggregates,”Material Technology,Technical
note 9, Nov. 1993.
[13] J. J. Emery, “Slags as Industrial Minerals,” Proceedings, Third
Industrial Minerals International Congress, Metal Bulletin Group,
London, 1978.
[14] ASTM, Annual Book of ASTM Standard. American Society for Testing
and Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2001.
[15] Asphalt Institute,Mix design methods. Manual Series No. 2 (MS-2).
Asphalt Institute Research Center, Lexington, Ky, 1997.
[16] P. Ahmedzade and B. Sengoz, “Evaluation of Steel Slag Coarse
Aggregate in Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete,” Journal of Hazardous
Materials 165, pp. 300-305, 2009.
[17] M. Pasetto and N. Baldo, “Experimental Evaluation of High-
Performance Base Course and Road Base Asphalt Concrete with
Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slags,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 181,
pp. 938-948, 2010.
[18] F. Kehagia, “Skid Resistance Performance of Asphalt Wearing Courses
with Electric Arc Furnace Slag Aggregates,” Waste Management &
Research 27, pp. 288-294, 2009.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:70749", author = "Magdi M. E. Zumrawi and Faiza O. A. Khalill", title = "Experimental Study of Steel Slag Used as Aggregate in Asphalt Mixture", abstract = "Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry and can
be used potentially as aggregate in the asphalt mixture. This study
evaluates the use of Steel Slag Aggregates (SSA) as a substitute for
natural aggregates in the production of hot mix asphalt (HMA) for
road construction. Based on intensive laboratory testing program, the
characteristic properties of SSA were assessed to determine its
suitability to be used in HMA. Four different percentages (0, 50, 75,
and 100%) of SSA were used, and the proposed mix designs for
HMA were conducted in accordance with Marshall mix design. The
experiment results revealed that the addition of SSA has a significant
improvement on the properties of HMA. An increase in density and
stability and a reduction in flow and air voids values were clearly
observed in specimens prepared with 100% SSA. It is concluded that
the steel slag can be considered reasonable alternative source of
aggregate for concrete asphalt mixture production.", keywords = "Aggregate, asphalt mixture, stability, steel slag.", volume = "9", number = "6", pages = "753-6", }