A Review on Development of Historical City Center and Revitalization Process in Isfahan/Iran
The need to protect our cultural heritage was stressed
on revitalization of historical city centers in communities. The main
aim of this research is to attract finance and activities to the historical
city centers through the citizens and municipalities participation
while cities expanded their boundaries toward suburban areas. Today
the main problems which facing to the most historical city centers, is
loss of their centrality through effect of urbanization on any point of
the cities which is the most important issue on neglect and
abandonment of the historical central area by decentralizing living,
commerce and public areas. This article evaluate the ways in which
city center revitalization can be effect on vitality and viability of the
central area in case of Naghshe Jahan square which situated at the
center of Isfahan city, Iran. Constructed between 1598 and 1629, it is
now an important historical site, and one of UNESCO's World
Heritage Sites.
[1] R. Abuei, Emkan sanjie ehyaye meydane Naghshe Jahan ba tavajoh be
vaze mojood va gozashteye tarikhi (In persian). Master thesis of Isfahan
Art University, (1998).
[2] N. Ahmadi, Nahad-e Waqf:degargoun-iha va karkard-haye
farhangimazhabi- e an dar asr-e Safavi (in Persian). (PhD dissertation,
Alzahra University), (2002).
[3] A. Ashraf, Characteristics of Urban History in Iran. Social science letter.
First set. Social Science University. Tehran. Iran, (1974).
[4] C. J. L. Balasas, City Centre Revitalization in Portugal: A Study of
Lisbon and Porto, Urban Design, 12(2), (2007), 231–259.
[5] M. Burayidi, (Ed.) Downtowns—Revitalizing the Centres of Urban
Communities (London: Routledge), (2001).
[6] DoE, Department of the Environment, Planning Policy Guidance Note 6;
Town Centres and Retail Development HMSO, London, (1993).
[7] DoE, Department of the Environment, Vital and Viable Town Centres
(London: HMSO), (1994).
[8] URL:http://mehremihan.ir/fartoor/1353-naghshejahan-ghajar.htmlA.
[9] Domingues, Baixa em baixo?, Pu´ blico, 8 January, (2001).
[10] L. Ford, America’s New Downtowns—Revitalization or Reinvention?
(Baltimore: the Johns Hopkins Press), (2003). [11] B. Frieden, & L. Sagalyn, Downtown, Inc.: How America Rebuilds
Cities (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), (1989).
[12] K. Gotham, Critical Perspectives on Urban Redevelopment, and
Research in Urban Sociology Vol. 6 (London: JAI), (2001).
[13] F. Habib, A Socio-Cultural Attempt in Perceiving Urban Space:
ChaharBagh Street, PhD thesis. Eastern Mediterranean University.
Gazimagusa. North Cyprus, (2008).
[14] P. Healey, Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented
Societies, 2nd edn (New York: Palgrave Macmillan), (2006).
[15] L. Honarfar, Meydane Naghshe Jahan, Jurnal of Honar va Mardom, No
105, (1971).
[16] P. Knox, Urban Social Geography (New York: Longman), (1995).
[17] Lynch, K. What Time is this Place? MIT Press, Massachusetts, (1972).
[18] N. Portas, As Politicas de Reforc¸o das Centralidades, in: Viva o Centro
(Ed.) Os Centros das Metro´poles, (2001). 121–134, Sa˜o Paulo:
Imprensa Oficial do Estado.
[19] R. Rafiemanzelat, A Study on the Development of Livable City Centres:
The Case of Famagusta, North Cyprus, Master thesis, Department of
Architecture, Eastern Mediterraneian University, (2014).
[20] P. Roberts, The evolution, definition and purpose of urban regeneration,
in: P. Roberts &H. Sykes (Eds) Urban Regeneration, A Handbook,
(2000), pp. 9–36 (London: Sage).
[21] M. Sarraf, Vestiges of Urban Spirit, Isfahan’s Urban Fabric through
Socio-spatial Transformations, (LICENTIATE THESIS, KTH, Royal
Institute of Technology, School of Architecture & the Built Environment
Stockholm), (2010).
[22] C. Stone, Regime Politics, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas,
(1989).
[23] URL:http://naghshejahan.persianblog.ir/tag/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%
AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87
[24] W.H. Whyte, City; Rediscovering the Center. University of
Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, (2009).
[25] E. F. Schmidt, photo from; http://www.helli8school.ir/
ModuleDefinitions/NewsArticles/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=103
[26] URL: http://www.isfahancht.ir/Fa.aspx?p=36,
[1] R. Abuei, Emkan sanjie ehyaye meydane Naghshe Jahan ba tavajoh be
vaze mojood va gozashteye tarikhi (In persian). Master thesis of Isfahan
Art University, (1998).
[2] N. Ahmadi, Nahad-e Waqf:degargoun-iha va karkard-haye
farhangimazhabi- e an dar asr-e Safavi (in Persian). (PhD dissertation,
Alzahra University), (2002).
[3] A. Ashraf, Characteristics of Urban History in Iran. Social science letter.
First set. Social Science University. Tehran. Iran, (1974).
[4] C. J. L. Balasas, City Centre Revitalization in Portugal: A Study of
Lisbon and Porto, Urban Design, 12(2), (2007), 231–259.
[5] M. Burayidi, (Ed.) Downtowns—Revitalizing the Centres of Urban
Communities (London: Routledge), (2001).
[6] DoE, Department of the Environment, Planning Policy Guidance Note 6;
Town Centres and Retail Development HMSO, London, (1993).
[7] DoE, Department of the Environment, Vital and Viable Town Centres
(London: HMSO), (1994).
[8] URL:http://mehremihan.ir/fartoor/1353-naghshejahan-ghajar.htmlA.
[9] Domingues, Baixa em baixo?, Pu´ blico, 8 January, (2001).
[10] L. Ford, America’s New Downtowns—Revitalization or Reinvention?
(Baltimore: the Johns Hopkins Press), (2003). [11] B. Frieden, & L. Sagalyn, Downtown, Inc.: How America Rebuilds
Cities (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), (1989).
[12] K. Gotham, Critical Perspectives on Urban Redevelopment, and
Research in Urban Sociology Vol. 6 (London: JAI), (2001).
[13] F. Habib, A Socio-Cultural Attempt in Perceiving Urban Space:
ChaharBagh Street, PhD thesis. Eastern Mediterranean University.
Gazimagusa. North Cyprus, (2008).
[14] P. Healey, Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented
Societies, 2nd edn (New York: Palgrave Macmillan), (2006).
[15] L. Honarfar, Meydane Naghshe Jahan, Jurnal of Honar va Mardom, No
105, (1971).
[16] P. Knox, Urban Social Geography (New York: Longman), (1995).
[17] Lynch, K. What Time is this Place? MIT Press, Massachusetts, (1972).
[18] N. Portas, As Politicas de Reforc¸o das Centralidades, in: Viva o Centro
(Ed.) Os Centros das Metro´poles, (2001). 121–134, Sa˜o Paulo:
Imprensa Oficial do Estado.
[19] R. Rafiemanzelat, A Study on the Development of Livable City Centres:
The Case of Famagusta, North Cyprus, Master thesis, Department of
Architecture, Eastern Mediterraneian University, (2014).
[20] P. Roberts, The evolution, definition and purpose of urban regeneration,
in: P. Roberts &H. Sykes (Eds) Urban Regeneration, A Handbook,
(2000), pp. 9–36 (London: Sage).
[21] M. Sarraf, Vestiges of Urban Spirit, Isfahan’s Urban Fabric through
Socio-spatial Transformations, (LICENTIATE THESIS, KTH, Royal
Institute of Technology, School of Architecture & the Built Environment
Stockholm), (2010).
[22] C. Stone, Regime Politics, Lawrence: University Press of Kansas,
(1989).
[23] URL:http://naghshejahan.persianblog.ir/tag/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%
AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87
[24] W.H. Whyte, City; Rediscovering the Center. University of
Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, (2009).
[25] E. F. Schmidt, photo from; http://www.helli8school.ir/
ModuleDefinitions/NewsArticles/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=103
[26] URL: http://www.isfahancht.ir/Fa.aspx?p=36,
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:71699", author = "Reihaneh Rafiemanzelat and Maryam Imani Emadi", title = "A Review on Development of Historical City Center and Revitalization Process in Isfahan/Iran", abstract = "The need to protect our cultural heritage was stressed
on revitalization of historical city centers in communities. The main
aim of this research is to attract finance and activities to the historical
city centers through the citizens and municipalities participation
while cities expanded their boundaries toward suburban areas. Today
the main problems which facing to the most historical city centers, is
loss of their centrality through effect of urbanization on any point of
the cities which is the most important issue on neglect and
abandonment of the historical central area by decentralizing living,
commerce and public areas. This article evaluate the ways in which
city center revitalization can be effect on vitality and viability of the
central area in case of Naghshe Jahan square which situated at the
center of Isfahan city, Iran. Constructed between 1598 and 1629, it is
now an important historical site, and one of UNESCO's World
Heritage Sites.", keywords = "City centers, revitalization, urban development,
vitality and viability.", volume = "9", number = "6", pages = "789-6", }
