Optical Properties of WO3-NiO Complementary Electrochromic Devices

Year: 2014 Volume: 8 Issue: 7 641 - 644 Pages

• Authors:
• Chih-Ming Wang
• Chih-Yu Wen
• Ying-Chung Chen
• Chun-Chieh Wang
• Chien-Chung Hsu
• Jui-Yang Chang
• Jyun-Min Lin

Abstract: In this study, we developed a complementary electrochromic device consisting of WO3 and NiO films fabricated by rf-magnetron sputtered. The electrochromic properties of WO3 and NiO films were investigated using cyclic voltammograms (CV), performed on WO3 and NiO films immersed in an electrolyte of 1 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate (PC). Optical and electrochemical of the films, as a function of coloration–bleaching cycle, were characterized using an UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and cyclic voltammetry (CV). After investigating the properties of WO3 film, NiO film, and complementary electrochromic devices, we concluded that this device provides good reversibility, low power consumption of -2.5 V in color state, high variation of transmittance of 58.96%, changes in optical density of 0.81 and good memory effect under open-circuit conditions. In addition, electrochromic component penetration rate can be retained below 20% within 24h, showing preferred memory features; however, component coloring and bleaching response time are about 33s.

• Keywords:
• Complementary electrochromic device
• Rf-magnetron sputtered
• Transmittance
• Memory effect
• Optical density change

The Grey Relational Analysis of the Influence Factors of Profit in Cartoon-s Character Merchandising Rights

Year: 2011 Volume: 5 Issue: 11 1483 - 1486 Pages

• Authors:
• Min Li
• Tao Li

Abstract: This paper constructs a four factors theoretical model of Chinese small and medium enterprises based on the “cartoon characters- reputation - enterprise marketing and management capabilities – protection of the cartoon image - institutional environment" by literature research, case studies and investigation. The empirical study show that the greatest impact on current merchandising rights income is the institutional environment friendliness, followed by marketing and management capabilities, input of character image protection and Cartoon characters- reputation through the real-time grey relational analysis, and the greatest impact on post-merchandising rights profit is Cartoon characters reputation, followed by the institutional environment friendliness, then marketing and management ability and input of character image protection through the time-delay grey relational analysis.

• Keywords:
• Cartoon characters
• merchandising rights
• influencefactors
• grey relational analysis