Abstract: In this article the accumulated results out of the effects
and length of the manufacture and production projects in the
university and research standard have been settled with the usefulness
definition of the process of project management for the accessibility
to the proportional pattern in the “time and action" stages. Studies
show that many problems confronted by the researchers in these
projects are connected to the non-profiting of: 1) autonomous timing
for gathering the educational theme, 2) autonomous timing for
planning and pattern, presenting before the construction, and 3)
autonomous timing for manufacture and sample presentation from the
output. The result of this study indicates the division of every
manufacture and production projects into three smaller autonomous
projects from its kind, budget and autonomous expenditure, shape
and order of the stages for the management of these kinds of projects.
In this case study real result are compared with theoretical results.
Abstract: It is known that the heart interacts with and adapts to
its venous and arterial loading conditions. Various experimental
studies and modeling approaches have been developed to investigate
the underlying mechanisms. This paper presents a model of the left
ventricle derived based on nonlinear stress-length myocardial
characteristics integrated over truncated ellipsoidal geometry, and
second-order dynamic mechanism for the excitation-contraction
coupling system. The results of the model presented here describe the
effects of the viscoelastic damping element of the electromechanical
coupling system on the hemodynamic response. Different heart rates
are considered to study the pacing effects on the performance of the
left-ventricle against constant preload and afterload conditions under
various damping conditions. The results indicate that the pacing
process of the left ventricle has to take into account, among other
things, the viscoelastic damping conditions of the myofilament
excitation-contraction process.
Abstract: Building intelligent traffic guide systems has been an
interesting subject recently. A good system should be able to observe
all important visual information to be able to analyze the context of
the scene. To do so, signs in general, and traffic signs in particular,
are usually taken into account as they contain rich information to
these systems. Therefore, many researchers have put an effort on
sign recognition field. Sign localization or sign detection is the most
important step in the sign recognition process. This step filters out
non informative area in the scene, and locates candidates in later
steps. In this paper, we apply a new approach in detecting sign
locations using a new color invariant model. Experiments are carried
out with different datasets introduced in other works where authors
claimed the difficulty in detecting signs under unfavorable imaging
conditions. Our method is simple, fast and most importantly it gives
a high detection rate in locating signs.
Abstract: Project managers are the ultimate responsible for the
overall characteristics of a project, i.e. they should deliver the project
on time with minimum cost and with maximum quality. It is vital for
any manager to decide a trade-off between these conflicting
objectives and they will be benefited of any scientific decision
support tool. Our work will try to determine optimal solutions (rather
than a single optimal solution) from which the project manager will
select his desirable choice to run the project. In this paper, the
problem in project scheduling notated as
(1,T|cpm,disc,mu|curve:quality,time,cost) will be studied. The
problem is multi-objective and the purpose is finding the Pareto
optimal front of time, cost and quality of a project
(curve:quality,time,cost), whose activities belong to a start to finish
activity relationship network (cpm) and they can be done in different
possible modes (mu) which are non-continuous or discrete (disc), and
each mode has a different cost, time and quality . The project is
constrained to a non-renewable resource i.e. money (1,T). Because
the problem is NP-Hard, to solve the problem, a meta-heuristic is
developed based on a version of genetic algorithm specially adapted
to solve multi-objective problems namely FastPGA. A sample project
with 30 activities is generated and then solved by the proposed
method.
Abstract: with increasing circuits- complexity and demand to
use portable devices, power consumption is one of the most
important parameters these days. Full adders are the basic block of
many circuits. Therefore reducing power consumption in full adders
is very important in low power circuits. One of the most powerconsuming
modules in full adders is XOR/XNOR circuit. This paper
presents two new full adders based on two new logic approaches. The
proposed logic approaches use one XOR or XNOR gate to implement
a full adder cell. Therefore, delay and power will be decreased. Using
two new approaches and two XOR and XNOR gates, two new full
adders have been implemented in this paper. Simulations are carried
out by HSPICE in 0.18μm bulk technology with 1.8V supply voltage.
The results show that the ten-transistors proposed full adder has 12%
less power consumption and is 5% faster in comparison to MB12T
full adder. 9T is more efficient in area and is 24% better than similar
10T full adder in term of power consumption. The main drawback of
the proposed circuits is output threshold loss problem.
Abstract: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest
toward the use of bovine genotyped embryos for commercial embryo
transfer programs. Biopsy of a few cells in morulla stage is essential
for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Low amount of DNA
have limited performing the several molecular analyses within PGD
analyses. Whole genome amplification (WGA) promises to eliminate
this problem. We evaluated the possibility and performance of an
improved primer extension preamplification (I-PEP) method with a
range of starting bovine genomic DNA from 1-8 cells into the WGA
reaction. We optimized a short and simple I-PEP (ssI-PEP) procedure
(~3h). This optimized WGA method was assessed by 6 loci specific
polymerase chain reactions (PCRs), included restriction fragments
length polymorphism (RFLP). Optimized WGA procedure possesses
enough sensitivity for molecular genetic analyses through the few
input cells. This is a new era for generating characterized bovine
embryos in preimplantation stage.
Abstract: In this research three methods of Maximum Likelihood, Mahalanobis Distance and Minimum Distance were analyzed in the Western part of Isfahan province in the Iran country. For this purpose, the IRS satellite images and various land preparation uses in region including rangelands, irrigation farming, dry farming, gardens and urban areas were separated and identified. In these methods, matrix error and Kappa index were calculated and accuracy of each method, based on percentages: 53.13, 56.64 and 48.44, were obtained respectively. Considering the low accuracy of these methods to separate land uses due to spread of the land uses, it-s suggested the visual interpretation of the map, to preparing the land use map in this region. The map prepared by visual interpretation is in high accuracy if it will be accompany with the visit of the region.
Abstract: In the other to Study of drought stress and Selenium
spraying effect on superoxide dismotase (SOD) activity of rapeseed
(Brassica napus L.) cultivars in Shahr-e-Rey region, an experiment
carried out in Split factorial design in the basis of randomized
complete blocks with 4 replications in 2006. Irrigation in two levels:
Normal irrigation and irrigation with drought stress when the soil
electrical conductivity reached to 60 as main factor and rapeseed
cultivars in 3 levels Zarfam, Okapi, Opera and selenium spraying at
the beginning of flowering stage in 3 levels: 0, 16 and 21 g/ha as sub
factor.
The results showed that the simple and interaction effect of
irrigation, selenium and cultivars on SOD activity had significant
difference. In this case Zarfam cultivar with 2010 u.mg-1 protein and
Opera with 1454 u.mg-1 protein produced maximum and minimum
amounts of SOD activitiy. Interaction effect of irrigation and variety
showed that, normal irrigation in Opera with 1115 u.mg-1 protein
and drought stress in Zarfam with 2784 u.mg-1 protein conducted to
and minimum and maximum amounts of SOD activity.
Interaction effect of irrigation, cultivar and selenium on SOD
indicated that drought stress condition and 21 gr/ha selenium
spraying in Zarfam variety with 3146 u.mg-1 protein gained to
highest activities of SOD.
Abstract: Drilling of glass sheets with different thicknesses have
been carried out by Abrasive Jet Machining process (AJM) in order
to determine its machinability under different controlling parameters
of the AJM process. The present study has been introduced a
mathematical model and the obtained results have been compared
with that obtained from other models published earlier [1-6]. The
experimental results of the present work are used to discuss the
validity of the proposed model as well as the other models.
Abstract: Elliptic curve-based certificateless signature is slowly
gaining attention due to its ability to retain the efficiency of
identity-based signature to eliminate the need of certificate
management while it does not suffer from inherent private
key escrow problem. Generally, cryptosystem based on elliptic
curve offers equivalent security strength at smaller key sizes
compared to conventional cryptosystem such as RSA which
results in faster computations and efficient use of computing
power, bandwidth, and storage. This paper proposes to implement
certificateless signature based on bilinear pairing to
structure the framework of IKE authentication. In this paper,
we perform a comparative analysis of certificateless signature
scheme with a well-known RSA scheme and also present the
experimental results in the context of signing and verification
execution times. By generalizing our observations, we discuss the
different trade-offs involved in implementing IKE authentication
by using certificateless signature.
Abstract: For over a decade, the Pulse Coupled Neural Network
(PCNN) based algorithms have been successfully used in image
interpretation applications including image segmentation. There are
several versions of the PCNN based image segmentation methods,
and the segmentation accuracy of all of them is very sensitive to the
values of the network parameters. Most methods treat PCNN
parameters like linking coefficient and primary firing threshold as
global parameters, and determine them by trial-and-error. The
automatic determination of appropriate values for linking coefficient,
and primary firing threshold is a challenging problem and deserves
further research. This paper presents a method for obtaining global as
well as local values for the linking coefficient and the primary firing
threshold for neurons directly from the image statistics. Extensive
simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves
excellent segmentation accuracy comparable to the best accuracy
obtainable by trial-and-error for a variety of images.
Abstract: In this paper we investigate the influence of external
noise on the inference of network structures. The purpose of our
simulations is to gain insights in the experimental design of microarray
experiments to infer, e.g., transcription regulatory networks
from microarray experiments. Here external noise means, that the
dynamics of the system under investigation, e.g., temporal changes of
mRNA concentration, is affected by measurement errors. Additionally
to external noise another problem occurs in the context of microarray
experiments. Practically, it is not possible to monitor the mRNA
concentration over an arbitrary long time period as demanded by the
statistical methods used to learn the underlying network structure. For
this reason, we use only short time series to make our simulations
more biologically plausible.
Abstract: Repairing of the cracks by fiber metal laminates
(FMLs) was first done by some aeronautical laboratories in early
1970s. In this study, experimental investigations were done on the
effect of repairing the center-cracked aluminum plates using the FML
patches. The repairing processes were conducted to characterize the
response of the repaired structures to tensile tests. The composite
patches were made of one aluminum layer and two woven glassepoxy
composite layers. Three different crack lengths in three crack
angles and different patch lay-ups were examined. It was observed
for the lengthen cracks, the effect of increasing the crack angle on
ultimate tensile load in the structure was increase. It was indicated
that the situation of metal layer in the FML patches had an important
effect on the tensile response of the tested specimens. It was found
when the aluminum layer is farther, the ultimate tensile load has the
highest amount.
Abstract: The selective recovery of heavy metals of Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr from a mixed plating sludge by sulfidation and oxidation treatment was targeted in this study. At first, the mixed plating sludge was simultaneously subjected to an extraction and Cu sulfidation process at pH=1.5 to dissolve heavy metals and to precipitate Cu2+ as CuS. In the next step, the sulfidation treatment of Zn was carried out at pH=4.5 and the residual solution was subjected to an oxidation treatment of chromium with H2O2 at pH=10.0. After the experiments, the selectivity of metal precipitation and the chromium oxidation ratio were evaluated. As results, it was found that the filter cake obtained after selective sulfidation of Cu was composed of 96.6% of Cu (100% equals to the sum of Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr contents). Such findings confirmed that almost complete extraction of heavy metals was achieved at pH=1.5 and also that Cu could be selectively recovered as CuS. Further, the filter cake obtained at pH=4.5 was composed of 91.5% Zn and 6.83% of Cr. Regarding the chromium oxidation step, the chromium oxidation ratio was found to increase with temperature and the addition of oxidation agent of H2O2, but only oxidation ratio of 59% was achieved at a temperature of 60°C and H2O2 to Cr3+ equivalent ratio of 180.
Abstract: The unsteady wake of an EPPLER 361 airfoil in
pitching motion has been investigated in a subsonic wind tunnel by
hot-wire anemometry. The airfoil was given the pitching motion
about the one-quarter chord axis at reduced frequency of 0182.
Streamwise mean velocity profiles (wake profiles) were investigated
at several vertically aligned points behind the airfoil at one-quarter
chord downstream distance from trailing edge. Oscillation amplitude
and mean angle of attack were varied to determine the effects on
wake profiles. When the maximum dynamic angle of attack was
below the static stall angle of attack, weak effects on wake were
found by increasing oscillation amplitude and mean angle of attack.
But, for higher angles of attack strong unsteady effects were
appeared on the wake.
Abstract: Dengue fever has become a major concern for health
authorities all over the world particularly in the tropical countries.
These countries, in particular are experiencing the most worrying
outbreak of dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever
(DHF). The DF and DHF epidemics, thus, have become the main
causes of hospital admissions and deaths in Malaysia. This paper,
therefore, attempts to examine the environmental factors that may
influence the recent dengue outbreak. The aim of this study is twofold,
firstly is to establish a statistical model to describe the
relationship between the number of dengue cases and a range of
explanatory variables and secondly, to identify the lag operator for
explanatory variables which affect the dengue incidence the most.
The explanatory variables involved include the level of cloud cover,
percentage of relative humidity, amount of rainfall, maximum
temperature, minimum temperature and wind speed. The Poisson and
Negative Binomial regression analyses were used in this study. The
results of the analyses on the 915 observations (daily data taken from
July 2006 to Dec 2008), reveal that the climatic factors comprising of
daily temperature and wind speed were found to significantly
influence the incidence of dengue fever after 2 and 3 weeks of their
occurrences. The effect of humidity, on the other hand, appears to be
significant only after 2 weeks.
Abstract: In the current study we present a system that is
capable to deliver proxy based differentiated service. It will help the
carrier service node to sell a prepaid service to clients and limit the
use to a particular mobile device or devices for a certain time. The
system includes software and hardware architecture for a mobile
device with moderate computational power, and a secure protocol for
communication between it and its carrier service node. On the
carrier service node a proxy runs on a centralized server to be
capable of implementing cryptographic algorithms, while the mobile
device contains a simple embedded processor capable of executing
simple algorithms. One prerequisite is needed for the system to run
efficiently that is a presence of Global Trusted Verification Authority
(GTVA) which is equivalent to certifying authority in IP networks.
This system appears to be of great interest for many commercial
transactions, business to business electronic and mobile commerce,
and military applications.
Abstract: This paper reviews the optimization available
transmission capability (ATC) of power systems using a device of
FACTS named SSSC equipped with energy storage devices. So that,
emplacement and improvement of parameters of SSSC will be
illustrated. Thus, voltage magnitude constraints of network buses,
line transient stability constraints and voltage breakdown constraints
are considered. To help the calculations, a comprehensive program in
DELPHI is provided, which is able to simulate and trace the
parameters of SSSC has been installed on a specific line.
Furthermore, the provided program is able to compute ATC, TTC
and maximum value of their enhancement after using SSSC.
Abstract: The mechanism behind the electromigration and
thermomigration failure in flip-chip solder joints with Cu-pillar bumps
was investigated in this paper through using finite element method.
Hot spot and the current crowding occurrs in the upper corner of
copper column instead of solders of the common solder ball. The
simulation results show that the change in thermal gradient is
noticeable, which might greatly affect the reliability of solder joints
with Cu-pillar bumps under current stressing. When the average
applied current density is increased from 1×104 A/cm2 to 3×104 A/cm2
in solders, the thermal gradient would increase from 74 K/cm to 901
K/cm at an ambient temperature of 25°C. The force from thermal
gradient of 901 K/cm can nearly induce thermomigration by itself.
With the increase in applied current, the thermal gradient is growing. It
is proposed that thermomigration likely causes a serious reliability
issue for Cu column based interconnects.
Abstract: In this survey the process of crack propagation at the
toe of concrete gravity dam is investigated by applying principals
and criteria of linear elastic fracture mechanic. Simulating process of
earthquake conditions for three models of dam with different
geometrical condition, in empty reservoir under plain stress is
calculated through special fracture mechanic software FRANNC2D
[1] for determining fracture mechanic criteria. The outcomes showed
that in spite of the primary expectations, the simultaneous existence
of fillet in both toe and heel area (model 3), the rate of maximum
principal stress has not been decreased; however, even the maximum
principal stress has increased, so it caused stress intensity factors
increase which is undesirable. On the other hand, the dam with heel
fillet has shown the best attitude and it is because of items like
decreasing the rates of maximum and minimum principal stresses and
also is related to decreasing the rates of stress intensity factors for 1st
& 2nd modes of the model.