Properties of Fly Ash Brick Prepared in Local Environment of Bangladesh
Coal fly ash, an industrial by product of coal
combustion thermal power plants is considered as a hazardous
material and its improper disposal has become an environmental
issue. On the other hand, manufacturing conventional clay bricks
involves on consumption of large amount of clay and leads
substantial depletion of topsoil. This paper unveils the possibility of
using fly ash as a partial replacement of clay for brick manufacturing
considering the local technology practiced in Bangladesh. The effect
of fly ash with different replacing ratio (0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and
50% by volume) of clay on properties of bricks was studied. Bricks
were made in the field parallel to ordinary bricks marked with
specific number for different percentage to identify them at time of
testing. No physical distortion is observed in fly ash brick after
burning in the kiln. Results from laboratory test show that
compressive strength of brick is decreased with the increase of fly
ash and maximum compressive strength is found to be 19.6 MPa at
20% of fly ash. In addition, water absorption of fly ash brick is
increased with the increase of fly ash. The abrasion value and
Specific gravity of coarse aggregate prepared from brick with fly ash
also studied and the results of this study suggests that 20% fly ash
can be considered as the optimum fly ash content for producing good
quality bricks utilizing present practiced technology.
[1] Yao Z. T., Ji X. S., Sarker P. K., Tang J.H., Ge L.Q. and Xia M.S., “A
comprehensive review on the applications of coal fly ash”, Earth-
Science Reviews, 2015, 141, pp. 105-121. DOI.
10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.11.016.
[2] Mohamed S., Omer A. Y. and Nasharuddin M. K., “Performance of
bricks made using fly ash and bottom ash”, Construction and Building
Materials, 2015, 96, pp. 576-580. DOI.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.068.
[3] Çiçek T. and Çinçin, Y., “Use of fly ash in production of light-weight
building bricks”, Construction and Building Materials, 2015, 94, pp.
521-527. DOI. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.029.
[4] Lingling X., Wei G., Tao W. and Nanru Y., “Study on fired bricks with
replacing clay by fly ash in high volume ratio”, Construction and Building Materials, 2005, 19 (3), pp. 243-247. DOI.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.05.017.
[5] Guttikunda S. K., Begum B, A. and Wadud Z., “Particulate pollution
from brick kiln clusters in the Greater Dhaka region, Bangladesh”, Air
Quality, Atmosphere and Health, 2013, 6, pp. 357-365. DOI.
10.1007/s11869-012-0187-2.
[6] Tamim M. M., Dhar A., Hossain M. S., “Fly ash in Bangladesh- An
Overview”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research,
2013, 4(4), pp. 809 – 812.
[7] Cultrone G. and Sebastián E., “Fly ash addition in clayey materials to
improve the quality of solid bricks”, Construction and Building
Materials, 2009, 23(2), pp. 1178-1184. DOI.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.07.001.
[8] Kayali O., “High Performance Bricks from Fly Ash”, Proceeding of
World of Coal Ash Conference (WOCA), Lexington, USA, April 11 –
15, 2005, 13 pages.
[9] Abdullah M.M.A., Ibrahim W.M.W. and Tahir M.F.M., “The properties
and durability of fly ash-based geopolymeric masonry bricks”, Eco-
Efficient Masonry Bricks and Blocks, 2015, pp. 273–287. DOI.
10.1016/B978-1-78242-305-8.00012-7.
[10] Patil J. L. and Dwivedi A. K., “Clay - Fly Ash Burnt Bricks - An
Experimental Study”, International Journal of Innovative Research in
Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014, 3(4), pp. 265 – 269.
[11] Pimraksa K., Wilhelm M., Kochberger M. and Wruss W., “A New
Approach to the Production of Bricks Made of 100 % Fly Ash”,
International Ash Utilization Symposium, Center for Applied Energy
Research, University of Kentucky, 2001, 18 pages.
[12] Pawar A.S. and Garud D. B., “Engineering Properties of Clay Bricks
with Use of Fly Ash”, International Journal of Research in Engineering
and Technology, 2014, 3(9), pp. 75 – 80.
[13] ASTM C134 - 95(2010), “Standard Test Methods for Size, Dimensional
Measurements, and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
Firebrick”, ASTM International. DOI. 10.1520/C0134-95R10.
[14] ASTM C67 – 14, “Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing
Brick and Structural Clay Tile”, ASTM International. DOI.
10.1520/C0067-14.
[15] IS: 3495 – Part (3)-1992, “Determination of Efflorescence”, Methods of
Tests of Burnt Clay Building Bricks. Indian Standard.
[16] ASTM C127 – 15, “Standard Test Method for Relative Density (Specific
Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate”, ASTM International.
DOI. 10.1520/C0127-15.
[17] ASTM C131 – 14, “Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation
of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los
Angeles Machine”, ASTM International. DOI.
10.1520/C0131_C0131M-14.
[1] Yao Z. T., Ji X. S., Sarker P. K., Tang J.H., Ge L.Q. and Xia M.S., “A
comprehensive review on the applications of coal fly ash”, Earth-
Science Reviews, 2015, 141, pp. 105-121. DOI.
10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.11.016.
[2] Mohamed S., Omer A. Y. and Nasharuddin M. K., “Performance of
bricks made using fly ash and bottom ash”, Construction and Building
Materials, 2015, 96, pp. 576-580. DOI.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.068.
[3] Çiçek T. and Çinçin, Y., “Use of fly ash in production of light-weight
building bricks”, Construction and Building Materials, 2015, 94, pp.
521-527. DOI. 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.029.
[4] Lingling X., Wei G., Tao W. and Nanru Y., “Study on fired bricks with
replacing clay by fly ash in high volume ratio”, Construction and Building Materials, 2005, 19 (3), pp. 243-247. DOI.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.05.017.
[5] Guttikunda S. K., Begum B, A. and Wadud Z., “Particulate pollution
from brick kiln clusters in the Greater Dhaka region, Bangladesh”, Air
Quality, Atmosphere and Health, 2013, 6, pp. 357-365. DOI.
10.1007/s11869-012-0187-2.
[6] Tamim M. M., Dhar A., Hossain M. S., “Fly ash in Bangladesh- An
Overview”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research,
2013, 4(4), pp. 809 – 812.
[7] Cultrone G. and Sebastián E., “Fly ash addition in clayey materials to
improve the quality of solid bricks”, Construction and Building
Materials, 2009, 23(2), pp. 1178-1184. DOI.
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.07.001.
[8] Kayali O., “High Performance Bricks from Fly Ash”, Proceeding of
World of Coal Ash Conference (WOCA), Lexington, USA, April 11 –
15, 2005, 13 pages.
[9] Abdullah M.M.A., Ibrahim W.M.W. and Tahir M.F.M., “The properties
and durability of fly ash-based geopolymeric masonry bricks”, Eco-
Efficient Masonry Bricks and Blocks, 2015, pp. 273–287. DOI.
10.1016/B978-1-78242-305-8.00012-7.
[10] Patil J. L. and Dwivedi A. K., “Clay - Fly Ash Burnt Bricks - An
Experimental Study”, International Journal of Innovative Research in
Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014, 3(4), pp. 265 – 269.
[11] Pimraksa K., Wilhelm M., Kochberger M. and Wruss W., “A New
Approach to the Production of Bricks Made of 100 % Fly Ash”,
International Ash Utilization Symposium, Center for Applied Energy
Research, University of Kentucky, 2001, 18 pages.
[12] Pawar A.S. and Garud D. B., “Engineering Properties of Clay Bricks
with Use of Fly Ash”, International Journal of Research in Engineering
and Technology, 2014, 3(9), pp. 75 – 80.
[13] ASTM C134 - 95(2010), “Standard Test Methods for Size, Dimensional
Measurements, and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
Firebrick”, ASTM International. DOI. 10.1520/C0134-95R10.
[14] ASTM C67 – 14, “Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing
Brick and Structural Clay Tile”, ASTM International. DOI.
10.1520/C0067-14.
[15] IS: 3495 – Part (3)-1992, “Determination of Efflorescence”, Methods of
Tests of Burnt Clay Building Bricks. Indian Standard.
[16] ASTM C127 – 15, “Standard Test Method for Relative Density (Specific
Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate”, ASTM International.
DOI. 10.1520/C0127-15.
[17] ASTM C131 – 14, “Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation
of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los
Angeles Machine”, ASTM International. DOI.
10.1520/C0131_C0131M-14.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:71589", author = "Robiul Islam and Monjurul Hasan and Rezaul Karim and M. F. M. Zain", title = "Properties of Fly Ash Brick Prepared in Local Environment of Bangladesh", abstract = "Coal fly ash, an industrial by product of coal
combustion thermal power plants is considered as a hazardous
material and its improper disposal has become an environmental
issue. On the other hand, manufacturing conventional clay bricks
involves on consumption of large amount of clay and leads
substantial depletion of topsoil. This paper unveils the possibility of
using fly ash as a partial replacement of clay for brick manufacturing
considering the local technology practiced in Bangladesh. The effect
of fly ash with different replacing ratio (0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and
50% by volume) of clay on properties of bricks was studied. Bricks
were made in the field parallel to ordinary bricks marked with
specific number for different percentage to identify them at time of
testing. No physical distortion is observed in fly ash brick after
burning in the kiln. Results from laboratory test show that
compressive strength of brick is decreased with the increase of fly
ash and maximum compressive strength is found to be 19.6 MPa at
20% of fly ash. In addition, water absorption of fly ash brick is
increased with the increase of fly ash. The abrasion value and
Specific gravity of coarse aggregate prepared from brick with fly ash
also studied and the results of this study suggests that 20% fly ash
can be considered as the optimum fly ash content for producing good
quality bricks utilizing present practiced technology.", keywords = "Bangladesh brick, fly ash, clay brick, physical
properties, compressive strength.", volume = "9", number = "12", pages = "1541-5", }