Abstract: This paper presents data annotation models at five levels of granularity (database, relation, column, tuple, and cell) of relational data to address the problem of unsuitability of most relational databases to express annotations. These models do not require any structural and schematic changes to the underlying database. These models are also flexible, extensible, customizable, database-neutral, and platform-independent. This paper also presents an SQL-like query language, named Annotation Query Language (AnQL), to query annotation documents. AnQL is simple to understand and exploits the already-existent wide knowledge and skill set of SQL.
Abstract: The voice signal in Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) system is processed through the best effort policy based IP network, which leads to the network degradations including delay, packet loss jitter. The work in this paper presents the implementation of finite impulse response (FIR) filter for voice quality improvement in the VoIP system through distributed arithmetic (DA) algorithm. The VoIP simulations are conducted with AMR-NB 6.70 kbps and G.729a speech coders at different packet loss rates and the performance of the enhanced VoIP signal is evaluated using the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) measurement for narrowband signal. The results show reduction in the computational complexity in the system and significant improvement in the quality of the VoIP voice signal.
Abstract: A thirty Rahmani weaned male lambs of average body weight (27.28±1.40 kg) were randomly allotted to three similar groups, ten lambs in each, to study the benefit of commercial feed additives Tonilisat (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and Roemin W2 (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium and Lactose) as growth promoters on lambs performance, digestibility, rumen activity and some blood constituents. The experiment lasted about 107 days. Three experimental groups were allotted as control group: received the basal ration, T1 group: received the basal ration supplemented with Tonilisat as (0.5kg/ ton concentrate feed mixture) and T2 group: received the basal ration supplemented with Roemin W2 (1kg/ ton concentrate feed mixture). Our study revealed that addition of Tonilisat significantly increased digestion coefficient of crude protein than that of the control group, Furthermore, the supplementation of Tonilisat or Roemin W2 increased (p
Abstract: Wireless capsule Endoscopy (WCE) has rapidly
shown its wide applications in medical domain last ten years
thanks to its noninvasiveness for patients and support for thorough
inspection through a patient-s entire digestive system including
small intestine. However, one of the main barriers to efficient
clinical inspection procedure is that it requires large amount of
effort for clinicians to inspect huge data collected during the
examination, i.e., over 55,000 frames in video. In this paper, we
propose a method to compute meaningful motion changes of
WCE by analyzing the obtained video frames based on regional
optical flow estimations. The computed motion vectors are used to
remove duplicate video frames caused by WCE-s imaging nature,
such as repetitive forward-backward motions from peristaltic
movements. The motion vectors are derived by calculating
directional component vectors in four local regions. Our
experiments are performed on small intestine area, which is of
main interest to clinical experts when using WCEs, and our
experimental results show significant frame reductions comparing
with a simple frame-to-frame similarity-based image reduction
method.
Abstract: Business and IT alignment has continued as a
top concern for business and IT executives for almost three
decades. Many researchers have conducted empirical studies on
the relationship between business-IT alignment and performance.
Yet, these approaches, lacking a social perspective, have had little
impact on sustaining performance and competitive advantage. In
addition to the limited alignment literature that explores
organisational learning that is represented in shared understanding,
communication, cognitive maps and experiences.
Hence, this paper proposes an integrated process that enables
social and intellectual dimensions through the concept of
organisational learning. In particular, the feedback and feedforward
process which provide a value creation across dynamic
multilevel of learning. This mechanism enables on-going
effectiveness through development of individuals, groups and
organisations, which improves the quality of business and IT
strategies and drives to performance.
Abstract: Wavelet transforms is a very powerful tools for image compression. One of its advantage is the provision of both spatial and frequency localization of image energy. However, wavelet transform coefficients are defined by both a magnitude and sign. While algorithms exist for efficiently coding the magnitude of the transform coefficients, they are not efficient for the coding of their sign. It is generally assumed that there is no compression gain to be obtained from the coding of the sign. Only recently have some authors begun to investigate the sign of wavelet coefficients in image coding. Some authors have assumed that the sign information bit of wavelet coefficients may be encoded with the estimated probability of 0.5; the same assumption concerns the refinement information bit. In this paper, we propose a new method for Separate Sign Coding (SSC) of wavelet image coefficients. The sign and the magnitude of wavelet image coefficients are examined to obtain their online probabilities. We use the scalar quantization in which the information of the wavelet coefficient to belong to the lower or to the upper sub-interval in the uncertainly interval is also examined. We show that the sign information and the refinement information may be encoded by the probability of approximately 0.5 only after about five bit planes. Two maps are separately entropy encoded: the sign map and the magnitude map. The refinement information of the wavelet coefficient to belong to the lower or to the upper sub-interval in the uncertainly interval is also entropy encoded. An algorithm is developed and simulations are performed on three standard images in grey scale: Lena, Barbara and Cameraman. Five scales are performed using the biorthogonal wavelet transform 9/7 filter bank. The obtained results are compared to JPEG2000 standard in terms of peak signal to noise ration (PSNR) for the three images and in terms of subjective quality (visual quality). It is shown that the proposed method outperforms the JPEG2000. The proposed method is also compared to other codec in the literature. It is shown that the proposed method is very successful and shows its performance in term of PSNR.
Abstract: Two different superhydrophobic surfaces were
elaborated and their oil repellency behavior was evaluated using
several liquid with different surface tension. A silicone rubber/SiO2
nanocomposite coated (A) on aluminum substrate by “spin-coating"
and the sample B was an anodized aluminum surface covered by
Teflon-like coating. A high static contact angle about ∼162° was
measured for two prepared surfaces on which the water droplet rolloff.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the presence of
micro/nanostructures for both sample A and B similar to that of lotus
leaf.
However the sample A presented significantly different behaviour
of wettability against the low surface tension liquid. Sample A has
been wetted totally by oil (dodecan) droplet while sample B showed
oleophobic behaviour. Oleophobic property of Teflon like coating
can be contributed to the presence of CF2 and CF3 functional group
which was shown by XPS analysis.
Abstract: In this paper we consider quantum motion integrals
depended on the algebraic reconstruction of BPHZ method for
perturbative renormalization in two different procedures. Then based
on Bogoliubov character and Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff (BCH) formula,
we show that how motion integral condition on components
of Birkhoff factorization of a Feynman rules character on Connes-
Kreimer Hopf algebra of rooted trees can determine a family of fixed
point equations.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with the existence of a linear copositive Lyapunov function(LCLF) for a special class of switched positive linear systems(SPLSs) composed of continuousand discrete-time subsystems. Firstly, by using system matrices, we construct a special kind of matrices in appropriate manner. Secondly, our results reveal that the Hurwitz stability of these matrices is equivalent to the existence of a common LCLF for arbitrary finite sets composed of continuous- and discrete-time positive linear timeinvariant( LTI) systems. Finally, a simple example is provided to illustrate the implication of our results.
Abstract: Organization of video databases is becoming difficult
task as the amount of video content increases. Video classification
based on the content of videos can significantly increase the speed of
tasks such as browsing and searching for a particular video in a
database. In this paper, a content-based videos classification system
for the classes indoor and outdoor is presented. The system is
intended to be used on a mobile platform with modest resources. The
algorithm makes use of the temporal redundancy in videos, which
allows using an uncomplicated classification model while still
achieving reasonable accuracy. The training and evaluation was done
on a video database of 443 videos downloaded from a video sharing
service. A total accuracy of 87.36% was achieved.
Abstract: In this paper, we proposed a method to design a
model-following adaptive controller for linear/nonlinear plants.
Radial basis function neural networks (RBF-NNs), which are known
for their stable learning capability and fast training, are used to
identify linear/nonlinear plants. Simulation results show that the
proposed method is effective in controlling both linear and nonlinear
plants with disturbance in the plant input.
Abstract: M. Kemal Ataturk was a great leader who was fond of art and he had displayed his being fond of art many times. In his speeches and writings you can see that he had showed his approval to art and the importance of artists and art for the society. During the foundation of republic, he also wanted renovation in art as in other fields and ordered many novelties both in art and society. One of the greatest steps in realizing this was to prepare a national Turkish opera. In this study, it was studied how a Turkish opera, Özsoy was prepared in the context of social and political conditions of that time and what kind of processes it passed. As a result, it is seen that there was two main aims for Ataturk with this opera. First, Ataturk wanted to abolish the sectarian conflict between Iran and Turkey going on for centuries. The second and maybe the most important is that he wanted to make a revolution in the field of art and aimed to reach the level of civilized countries.
Abstract: Multi-level voltage source inverters offer several
advantages such as; derivation of a refined output voltage with
reduced total harmonic distortion (THD), reduction of voltage ratings
of the power semiconductor switching devices and also the reduced
electro-magnetic-interference problems etc. In this paper, new
carrier-overlapped phase-disposition or sub-harmonic sinusoidal
pulse width modulation (CO-PD-SPWM) and also the carrieroverlapped
phase-disposition space vector modulation (CO-PDSVPWM)
schemes for a six-level diode-clamped inverter topology
are proposed. The principle of the proposed PWM schemes is similar
to the conventional PD-PWM with a little deviation from it in the
sense that the triangular carriers are all overlapped. The overlapping
of the triangular carriers on one hand results in an increased number
of switchings, on the other hand this facilitates an improved spectral
performance of the output voltage. It is demonstrated through
simulation studies that the six-level diode-clamped inverter with the
use of CO-PD-SPWM and CO-PD-SVPWM proposed in this paper is
capable of generating multiple levels in its output voltage. The
advantages of the proposed PWM schemes can be derived to benefit,
especially at lower modulation indices of the inverter and hence this
aspect of the proposed PWM schemes can be well exploited in high
power applications requiring low speeds of operation of the drive.
Abstract: The main objectif of this paper is to present a tool that
we have developed subject to characterize and modelling indoor radio
channel propagation at millimetric wave. The tool is based on the
ray tracing technique (RTT). As, in realistic environment we cannot
neglect the significant impact of Human Body Shadowing and other
objects in motion on indoor 60 GHz propagation channel. Hence,
our proposed model allows a simulation of propagation in a dynamic
indoor environment. First, we describe a model of human body.
Second, RTT with this model is used to simulate the propagation
of millimeter waves in the presence of persons in motion. Results
of the simulation show that this tool gives results in agreement with
those reported in the literature. Specially, the effects of people motion
on temporal channel properties.
Abstract: An original Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) method to tackle the problem of particulate flows at moderate to high concentration and finite Reynolds number is presented. Our method is built on the framework established by Glowinski and his coworkers [1] in the sense that we use their Distributed Lagrange Multiplier/Fictitious Domain (DLM/FD) formulation and their operator-splitting idea but differs in the treatment of particle collisions. The novelty of our contribution relies on replacing the simple artificial repulsive force based collision model usually employed in the literature by an efficient Discrete Element Method (DEM) granular solver. The use of our DEM solver enables us to consider particles of arbitrary shape (at least convex) and to account for actual contacts, in the sense that particles actually touch each other, in contrast with the simple repulsive force based collision model. We recently upgraded our serial code, GRIFF 1 [2], to full MPI capabilities. Our new code, PeliGRIFF 2, is developed under the framework of the full MPI open source platform PELICANS [3]. The new MPI capabilities of PeliGRIFF open new perspectives in the study of particulate flows and significantly increase the number of particles that can be considered in a full DNS approach: O(100000) in 2D and O(10000) in 3D. Results on the 2D/3D sedimentation/fluidization of isometric polygonal/polyedral particles with collisions are presented.
Abstract: The parametrical study of Shrouded Contra-rotating
Rotor was done in this paper based on 2D axisymmetric simulations.
The calculations were made with an actuator disk as double rotor
model. It objects to explore and quantify the effects of different shroud
geometry parameters mainly using the performance of power loading
(PL), which could evaluate the whole propulsion system capability as
5 Newtontotal thrust generationfor hover demand. The numerical
results show that:The increase of nozzle radius is desired but limited
by the flow separation, its optimal design is around 1.15 times rotor
radius, the viscosity effects greatly constraint the influence of nozzle
shape, the divergent angle around 10.5° performs best for chosen
nozzle length;The parameters of inlet such as leading edge curvature,
radius and internal shape do not affect thrust great but play an
important role in pressure distribution which could produce most part
of shroud thrust, they should be chosen according to the reduction of
adverse pressure gradients to reduce the risk of boundary separation.
Abstract: Although silicon photonic devices provide a significantly larger bandwidth and dissipate a substantially less power than the electronic devices, they suffer from a large size due to the fundamental diffraction limit and the weak optical response of Si. A potential solution is to exploit Si plasmonics, which may not only miniaturize the photonic device far beyond the diffraction limit, but also enhance the optical response in Si due to the electromagnetic field confinement. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the recently developed metal-insulator-Si-insulator-metal nanoplasmonic waveguide as well as various passive and active plasmonic components based on this waveguide, including coupler, bend, power splitter, ring resonator, MZI, modulator, detector, etc. All these plasmonic components are CMOS compatible and could be integrated with electronic and conventional dielectric photonic devices on the same SOI chip. More potential plasmonic devices as well as plasmonic nanocircuits with complex functionalities are also addressed.
Abstract: One of the main challenges for one phase anaerobic digestion processes is the high concentration of NH4+ and PO4 3- ions
in the digested sludge supernatant. This project focuses on enhancing the removal of nutrients during the anaerobic digestion process through fixing both NH4+ and PO4 3- ions in the form of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate, MAP, MgNH4PO4.6H2O) within the anaerobic sludge. Batch anaerobic digestion tests showed that Mg2+ concentration in the range 279 – 812 mg/L had insignificant effect on CGP but incurred a slight increase in COD removal. The reactor that had soluble Mg2+:NH4+:PO43- at a molar ratio of 1.28:1:00:1:00 achieved the best performance enhancement of 8% increase in COD removal and 32% reduction in NH4+ in the reactor supernatant. Overall, the results show that there is a potential to optimise conventional anaerobic digestion such that supernatant lean in P and N, and sludge rich in nutrients are obtained.
Abstract: The mixture formation prior to the ignition process
plays as a key element in the diesel combustion. Parametric studies of
mixture formation and ignition process in various injection parameter
has received considerable attention in potential for reducing
emissions. Purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of injection
pressure on mixture formation and ignition especially during ignition
delay period, which have to be significantly influences throughout the
combustion process and exhaust emissions. This study investigated
the effects of injection pressure on diesel combustion fundamentally
using rapid compression machine. The detail behavior of mixture
formation during ignition delay period was investigated using the
schlieren photography system with a high speed camera. This method
can capture spray evaporation, spray interference, mixture formation
and flame development clearly with real images. Ignition process and
flame development were investigated by direct photography method
using a light sensitive high-speed color digital video camera. The
injection pressure and air motion are important variable that strongly
affect to the fuel evaporation, endothermic and prolysis process
during ignition delay. An increased injection pressure makes spray tip
penetration longer and promotes a greater amount of fuel-air mixing
occurs during ignition delay. A greater quantity of fuel prepared
during ignition delay period thus predominantly promotes more rapid
heat release.
Abstract: The evaluation and measurement of human body
dimensions are achieved by physical anthropometry. This research
was conducted in view of the importance of anthropometric indices
of the face in forensic medicine, surgery, and medical imaging. The
main goal of this research is to optimization of facial feature point by
establishing a mathematical relationship among facial features and
used optimize feature points for age classification. Since selected
facial feature points are located to the area of mouth, nose, eyes and
eyebrow on facial images, all desire facial feature points are extracted
accurately. According this proposes method; sixteen Euclidean
distances are calculated from the eighteen selected facial feature
points vertically as well as horizontally. The mathematical
relationships among horizontal and vertical distances are established.
Moreover, it is also discovered that distances of the facial feature
follows a constant ratio due to age progression. The distances
between the specified features points increase with respect the age
progression of a human from his or her childhood but the ratio of the
distances does not change (d = 1 .618 ) . Finally, according to the
proposed mathematical relationship four independent feature
distances related to eight feature points are selected from sixteen
distances and eighteen feature point-s respectively. These four feature
distances are used for classification of age using Support Vector
Machine (SVM)-Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) algorithm
and shown around 96 % accuracy. Experiment result shows the
proposed system is effective and accurate for age classification.