Abstract: Rapid enlargement and physical development of cities
have facilitated the emergence of a number of city life crises and
decrease of environment quality. Subsequently, the need for noticing
the concept of quality and its improvement in urban environments,
besides quantitative issues, is obviously recognized. In the domain of
urban ideas the importance of taking these issues into consideration
is obvious not only in accordance to sustainable development
concepts and improvement of public environment quality, but also in
the enhancement of social and behavioral models.
The major concern of present article is to study the nature of urban
environment quality in urban development plans, which is important
not only in the concept and the aim of projects but also in their
execution procedure. As a result, this paper is going to utilize
planning capacities caused by environmental virtues in the planning
procedure of Moft Abad neighborhood. Thus, at the first step,
applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), it has assessed
quantitative environmental issues. The present conditions of Moft
Abad state that “the neighborhood is generally suffering from the
lack of qualitative parameters, and the previously formed planning
procedures could not take the sustainable and developmental paths
which are aimed at environment quality virtues." The diminution of
economical and environmental virtues has resulted in the diminution
of residential and social virtues. Therefore, in order to enhance the
environment quality in Moft Abad, the present paper has tried to
supply the subject plans in order to make a safe, healthy, and lively
neighborhood.
Abstract: Power-line networks are widely used today for broadband data transmission. However, due to multipaths within the broadband power line communication (BPLC) systems owing to stochastic changes in the network load impedances, branches, etc., network or channel capacity performances are affected. This paper attempts to investigate the performance of typical medium voltage channels that uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) techniques with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) sub carriers. It has been observed that when the load impedances are different from line characteristic impedance channel performance decreases. Also as the number of branches in the link between the transmitter and receiver increases a loss of 4dB/branch is found in the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The information presented in the paper could be useful for an appropriate design of the BPLC systems.
Abstract: In today-s competitive environment, the security concerns have grown tremendously. In the modern world, possession is known to be 9/10-ths of the law. Hence, it is imperative for one to be able to safeguard one-s property from worldly harms such as thefts, destruction of property, people with malicious intent etc. Due to the advent of technology in the modern world, the methodologies used by thieves and robbers for stealing have been improving exponentially. Therefore, it is necessary for the surveillance techniques to also improve with the changing world. With the improvement in mass media and various forms of communication, it is now possible to monitor and control the environment to the advantage of the owners of the property. The latest technologies used in the fight against thefts and destruction are the video surveillance and monitoring. By using the technologies, it is possible to monitor and capture every inch and second of the area in interest. However, so far the technologies used are passive in nature, i.e., the monitoring systems only help in detecting the crime but do not actively participate in stopping or curbing the crime while it takes place. Therefore, we have developed a methodology to detect the motion in a video stream environment and this is an idea to ensure that the monitoring systems not only actively participate in stopping the crime, but do so while the crime is taking place. Hence, a system is used to detect any motion in a live streaming video and once motion has been detected in the live stream, the software will activate a warning system and capture the live streaming video.
Abstract: In this paper we introduce three watermarking methods that can be used to count the number of times that a user has played some content. The proposed methods are tested with audio content in our experimental system using the most common signal processing attacks. The test results show that the watermarking methods used enable the watermark to be extracted under the most common attacks with a low bit error rate.
Abstract: High voltage generators are being subject to higher
voltage rating and are being designed to operate in harsh conditions.
Stator windings are the main component of generators in which
Electrical, magnetically and thermal stresses remain major failures
for insulation degradation accelerated aging. A large number of
generators failed due to stator winding problems, mainly insulation
deterioration. Insulation degradation assessment plays vital role in the
asset life management. Mostly the stator failure is catastrophic
causing significant damage to the plant. Other than generation loss,
stator failure involves heavy repair or replacement cost. Electro
thermal analysis is the main characteristic for improvement design of
stator slot-s insulation. Dielectric parameters such as insulation
thickness, spacing, material types, geometry of winding and slot are
major design consideration. A very powerful method available to
analyze electro thermal performance is Finite Element Method
(FEM) which is used in this paper. The analysis of various stator coil
and slot configurations are used to design the better dielectric system
to reduce electrical and thermal stresses in order to increase the
power of generator in the same volume of core. This paper describes
the process used to perform classical design and improvement
analysis of stator slot-s insulation.
Abstract: We demonstrate through a sample application, Ebanking,
that the Web Service Modelling Language Ontology component
can be used as a very powerful object-oriented database design
language with logic capabilities. Its conceptual syntax allows the
definition of class hierarchies, and logic syntax allows the definition
of constraints in the database. Relations, which are available for
modelling relations of three or more concepts, can be connected to
logical expressions, allowing the implicit specification of database
content. Using a reasoning tool, logic queries can also be made
against the database in simulation mode.
Abstract: In general, class complexity is measured based on any
one of these factors such as Line of Codes (LOC), Functional points
(FP), Number of Methods (NOM), Number of Attributes (NOA) and so on. There are several new techniques, methods and metrics with
the different factors that are to be developed by the researchers for calculating the complexity of the class in Object Oriented (OO)
software. Earlier, Arockiam et.al has proposed a new complexity measure namely Extended Weighted Class Complexity (EWCC)
which is an extension of Weighted Class Complexity which is proposed by Mishra et.al. EWCC is the sum of cognitive weights of
attributes and methods of the class and that of the classes derived. In EWCC, a cognitive weight of each attribute is considered to be 1.
The main problem in EWCC metric is that, every attribute holds the
same value but in general, cognitive load in understanding the
different types of attributes cannot be the same. So here, we are proposing a new metric namely Attribute Weighted Class Complexity
(AWCC). In AWCC, the cognitive weights have to be assigned for the attributes which are derived from the effort needed to understand
their data types. The proposed metric has been proved to be a better
measure of complexity of class with attributes through the case studies and experiments
Abstract: Discrimination in employment has its wider social and
economic consequences other than mere violating a basic human
right. Discrimination involves treating people differently because of
certain grounds such as race, color, or sex, which results in the
impairment of equality of opportunity and treatment. As an essential
part of promoting decent work, combating discrimination through the
principle of non-discrimination has been established by the
International Labor Organization (ILO) through the Declaration on
Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work 1998. Considering
elimination of discrimination in employment as a core labor standard,
member states are expected to respect, promote and implement it to
their national laws and policies. Being a member state, Malaysia has
to position herself align with this international requirement. The
author discusses the related convention together with Malaysia-s
responses on the matter. At the closing stage, the prospect of
Malaysia is presumed taking into account of the current positions and
reports submitted to the ILO.
Abstract: A study was carried out at the Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) to investigate the effect of rollers differential peripheral speed of commercial rubber roll husker and paddy moisture content on the husking index and percentage of broken rice. The experiment was conducted at six levels of rollers differential speed (1.5, 2.2, 2.9, 3.6, 4.3 and 5 m/s) and three levels of paddy moisture content (8-9, 10-11 and 12-13% w.b.). Two common paddy varieties namely, Binam and Khazer, were selected for this study. Results revealed that the effect of rollers differential speed and moisture content significantly (P
Abstract: In this paper, experimental testing and numerical analysis were used to investigate the effect of tube thickness on the face bending for concrete filled hollow sections connected to other structural members using Extended Hollobolts. Six samples were tested experimentally by applying pull-out load on the bolts. These samples were designed to fail by column face bending. The main variable in all tests is the column face thickness. Finite element analyses were also performed using ABAQUS 6.11 to extend the experimental results and to quantify the effect of column face thickness. Results show that, the column face thickness has a clear impact on the connection strength and stiffness. However, the amount of improvement in the connection stiffness by changing the column face thickness from 5mm to 6.3mm seems to be higher than that when increasing it from 6.3mm to 8mm. The displacement at which the bolts start pulling-out from their holes increased with the use of thinner column face due to the high flexibility of the section. At the ultimate strength, the yielding of the column face propagated to the column corner and there was no yielding in its walls. After the ultimate resistance is reached, the propagation of the yielding was mainly in the column face with a miner yielding in the walls.
Abstract: A full six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) flight dynamics
model is proposed for the accurate prediction of short and long-range
trajectories of high spin and fin-stabilized projectiles via atmospheric
flight to final impact point. The projectiles is assumed to be both rigid
(non-flexible), and rotationally symmetric about its spin axis launched
at low and high pitch angles. The mathematical model is based on the
full equations of motion set up in the no-roll body reference frame and
is integrated numerically from given initial conditions at the firing
site. The projectiles maneuvering motion depends on the most
significant force and moment variations, in addition to wind and
gravity. The computational flight analysis takes into consideration the
Mach number and total angle of attack effects by means of the
variable aerodynamic coefficients. For the purposes of the present
work, linear interpolation has been applied from the tabulated database
of McCoy-s book. The developed computational method gives
satisfactory agreement with published data of verified experiments and
computational codes on atmospheric projectile trajectory analysis for
various initial firing flight conditions.
Abstract: Gradual patterns have been studied for many years as
they contain precious information. They have been integrated in
many expert systems and rule-based systems, for instance to reason
on knowledge such as “the greater the number of turns, the greater
the number of car crashes”. In many cases, this knowledge has been
considered as a rule “the greater the number of turns → the greater
the number of car crashes” Historically, works have thus been
focused on the representation of such rules, studying how implication
could be defined, especially fuzzy implication. These rules were
defined by experts who were in charge to describe the systems they
were working on in order to turn them to operate automatically. More
recently, approaches have been proposed in order to mine databases
for automatically discovering such knowledge. Several approaches
have been studied, the main scientific topics being: how to determine
what is an relevant gradual pattern, and how to discover them as
efficiently as possible (in terms of both memory and CPU usage).
However, in some cases, end-users are not interested in raw level
knowledge, and are rather interested in trends. Moreover, it may be
the case that no relevant pattern can be discovered at a low level of
granularity (e.g. city), whereas some can be discovered at a higher
level (e.g. county). In this paper, we thus extend gradual pattern
approaches in order to consider multiple level gradual patterns. For
this purpose, we consider two aggregation policies, namely
horizontal and vertical.
Abstract: Traveling salesman problem (TSP) is hard to resolve
when the number of cities and routes become large. The frequency
graph is constructed to tackle the problem. A frequency graph
maintains the topological relationships of the original weighted graph.
The numbers on the edges are the frequencies of the edges emulated
from the local optimal Hamiltonian paths. The simplest kind of local
optimal Hamiltonian paths are computed based on the four vertices
and three lines inequality. The search algorithm is given to find the
optimal Hamiltonian circuit based on the frequency graph. The
experiments show that the method can find the optimal Hamiltonian
circuit within several trials.
Abstract: This paper presents results obtained from the
numerical solution for the flow past an oscillating circular cylinder at
Reynolds number of 200. The frequency of oscillation was fixed to
the vortex shedding frequency from a fixed cylinder, f0, while the
amplitudes of oscillations were varied from to 1.1a, where a
represents the radius of the cylinder. The response of the flow
through the fluid forces acting on the surface of the cylinder are
investigated. The lock-on phenomenon is captured at low oscillation
amplitudes.
Abstract: The C3 plants are frequently suffering from exposure
to high temperature stress which limits the growth and yield of these
plants. This study seeks to clarify the physiological mechanisms of
heat tolerance in relation to oxidative stress in C3 species. Fifteen C3
species were exposed to prolonged moderately high temperature
stress 36/30°C for 40 days in a growth chamber. Chlorophyll
fluorescence (Fv/Fm) showed great difference among species at 40
days of the stress. The species showed decreases in Fv/Fm and
increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) content under stress condition
as well as negative correlation between Fv/Fm and MDA (r = -0.61*)
at 40 days of the stress. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content before
and after stress in addition to its response under stress showed great
differences among species. The results suggest that the difference in
heat tolerance among C3 species is closely associated with the ability
to suppress oxidative damage but not with the content of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) which is regulated by complex network.
Abstract: Laser soldering is based on applying some soldering material (albumin) onto the approximated edges of the cut and heating the solder (and the underlying tissues) by a laser beam. Endogenous and exogenous materials such as indocyanine green (ICG) are often added to solders to enhance light absorption. Gold nanoshells are new materials which have an optical response dictated by the plasmon resonance. The wavelength at which the resonance occurs depends on the core and shell sizes, allowing nanoshells to be tailored for particular applications. The purposes of this study was use combination of ICG and different concentration of gold nanoshells for skin tissue soldering and also to examine the effect of laser soldering parameters on the properties of repaired skin. Two mixtures of albumin solder and different combinations of ICG and gold nanoshells were prepared. A full thickness incision of 2×20 mm2 was made on the surface and after addition of mixtures it was irradiated by an 810nm diode laser at different power densities. The changes of tensile strength σt due to temperature rise, number of scan (Ns), and scan velocity (Vs) were investigated. The results showed at constant laser power density (I), σt of repaired incisions increases by increasing the concentration of gold nanoshells in solder, Ns and decreasing Vs. It is therefore important to consider the tradeoff between the scan velocity and the surface temperature for achieving an optimum operating condition. In our case this corresponds to σt =1800 gr/cm2 at I~ 47 Wcm-2, T ~ 85ºC, Ns =10 and Vs=0.3mms-1.
Abstract: In the present communication, we have proposed
some new generalized measure of fuzzy entropy based upon real
parameters, discussed their and desirable properties, and presented
these measures graphically. An important property, that is,
monotonicity of the proposed measures has also been studied.
Abstract: Color categorization is shared among members in a
society. This allows communication of color, especially when using
natural language such as English. Hence sociable robot, to live
coexist with human in human society, must also have the shared
color categorization. To achieve this, many works have been done
relying on modeling of human color perception and mathematical
complexities. In contrast, in this work, the computer as brain of the
robot learns color categorization through interaction with humans
without much mathematical complexities.
Abstract: Surface metrology with image processing is a challenging task having wide applications in industry. Surface roughness can be evaluated using texture classification approach. Important aspect here is appropriate selection of features that characterize the surface. We propose an effective combination of features for multi-scale and multi-directional analysis of engineering surfaces. The features include standard deviation, kurtosis and the Canny edge detector. We apply the method by analyzing the surfaces with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DT-CWT). We used Canberra distance metric for similarity comparison between the surface classes. Our database includes the surface textures manufactured by three machining processes namely Milling, Casting and Shaping. The comparative study shows that DT-CWT outperforms DWT giving correct classification performance of 91.27% with Canberra distance metric.
Abstract: In this paper an average number of re-handlings
analysis is proposed to solve the problem of finding bays
configuration in small container terminal in Gliwice, Poland.
Rehandlings in this terminal can be performed only by reachstackers.
The goal of the heuristic is to plan the reachstacter moves in the
terminal, assuming that the target containers are reached and the
number of re-handings is minimized. The real situation requires also
to take into account the model of the problem environment
uncertainty caused by the fact that many containers are not delivered
to the terminal on time, or can not be sent on scheduled time. To
enable this, the heuristic uses some assumptions to simplify problem
analysis.