Abstract: The McEliece cryptosystem is an asymmetric type of
cryptography based on error correction code. The classical McEliece
used irreducible binary Goppa code which considered unbreakable
until now especially with parameter [1024, 524, and 101], but it is
suffering from large public key matrix which leads to be difficult to
be used practically. In this work Irreducible and Separable Goppa
codes have been introduced. The Irreducible and Separable Goppa
codes used are with flexible parameters and dynamic error vectors. A
Comparison between Separable and Irreducible Goppa code in
McEliece Cryptosystem has been done. For encryption stage, to get
better result for comparison, two types of testing have been chosen;
in the first one the random message is constant while the parameters
of Goppa code have been changed. But for the second test, the
parameters of Goppa code are constant (m=8 and t=10) while the
random message have been changed. The results show that the time
needed to calculate parity check matrix in separable are higher than
the one for irreducible McEliece cryptosystem, which is considered
expected results due to calculate extra parity check matrix in
decryption process for g2(z) in separable type, and the time needed to
execute error locator in decryption stage in separable type is better
than the time needed to calculate it in irreducible type. The proposed
implementation has been done by Visual studio C#.
Abstract: The shielding ability of a shielding cavity with an
aperture will be greatly degraded at resonance frequencies, and the
resonance modes and frequencies are affected by aperture resonances
and aperture-cavity coupling, which are closely related with aperture
sizes. The equivalent circuit method and numerical method of
Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) are used to analyze the effects of
aperture resonances and aperture-cavity coupling on the
electromagnetic resonances of a cavity with an aperture in this paper.
Both analytical and numerical results show that the resonance modes
of a shielding cavity with an aperture consist of cavity resonance
modes and aperture resonance modes, and the resonance frequencies
will shift with the change of the aperture sizes because of the aperture
resonances and aperture-cavity coupling. Variation rules of
electromagnetic resonances with aperture sizes for a cavity with an
aperture are given, which will be useful for design of shielding
cavities.
Abstract: In this work, we attempt to associate firm
characteristics with innovative activity. We collect microdata from
listed firms of selected Eurozone Country-members, after the
beginning of 2007 financial crisis. The following literature, several
indicators of growth and performance were selected and tested for
their ability to interpret innovative activity. The main scope is to
examine the possible differences in performance and growth between
innovative and non-innovative firms, during a severe recession.
Additionally to that, a special focus will be held on whether
macroeconomic performance and national innovation system,
determines the extent of innovators' performance. Preliminary
findings, through correlation matrices and non-parametric tests,
strongly indicate the positive relation between innovative activity and
most of the measures used (profitability, size, employment),
confirming that even during a recessionary period, innovative firms
not only survive but also seem to succeed better economic results in
almost all indexes relative to non-innovative. However, even though
innovators seem to perform better in all economies examined, the
extent of that performance seems to be strongly affected by the
supportive mechanisms (financial and structural) that their country
provides. Thus, it is clear, that the technologically intensive 'gap'
between European South and North, during the economic crisis,
became chaotic, due to the harsh austerity measures and reduced
budgets in those countries, even in sectors with high potentials in
economic activity and employment, impairing the effects of crisis and
enhancing the vicious circle of recession.
Abstract: This paper describes I²C Slave implementation using
I²C master obtained from the OpenCores website. This website
provides free Verilog and VHDL Codes to users. The design
implementation for the I²C slave is in Verilog Language and uses
EDA tools for ASIC design known as ModelSim from Mentor
Graphic. This tool is used for simulation and verification purposes.
Common application for this I²C Master-Slave integration is also
included. This paper also addresses the advantages and limitations of
the said design.
Abstract: Predicting earnings management is vital for the capital
market participants, financial analysts and managers. The aim of this
research is attempting to respond to this query: Is there a significant
difference between the regression model and neural networks’
models in predicting earnings management, and which one leads to a
superior prediction of it? In approaching this question, a Linear
Regression (LR) model was compared with two neural networks
including Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), and Generalized
Regression Neural Network (GRNN). The population of this study
includes 94 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)
market from 2003 to 2011. After the results of all models were
acquired, ANOVA was exerted to test the hypotheses. In general, the
summary of statistical results showed that the precision of GRNN did
not exhibit a significant difference in comparison with MLP. In
addition, the mean square error of the MLP and GRNN showed a
significant difference with the multi variable LR model. These
findings support the notion of nonlinear behavior of the earnings
management. Therefore, it is more appropriate for capital market
participants to analyze earnings management based upon neural
networks techniques, and not to adopt linear regression models.
Abstract: In recent years, new techniques for solving complex
problems in engineering are proposed. One of these techniques is
JPSO algorithm. With innovative changes in the nature of the jump
algorithm JPSO, it is possible to construct a graph-based solution
with a new algorithm called G-JPSO. In this paper, a new algorithm
to solve the optimal control problem Fletcher-Powell and optimal
control of pumps in water distribution network was evaluated.
Optimal control of pumps comprise of optimum timetable operation
(status on and off) for each of the pumps at the desired time interval.
Maximum number of status on and off for each pumps imposed to the
objective function as another constraint. To determine the optimal
operation of pumps, a model-based optimization-simulation
algorithm was developed based on G-JPSO and JPSO algorithms.
The proposed algorithm results were compared well with the ant
colony algorithm, genetic and JPSO results. This shows the
robustness of proposed algorithm in finding near optimum solutions
with reasonable computational cost.
Abstract: Operation enhancement in an air cooler depends on
rate of heat transfer, and pressure drop. In this paper for a given heat
duty, study of the effects of FPI (Fin Per Inch) and fin type (circular
and hexagonal fins) on heat transfer, and pressure drop in an air
cooler in Iran, Arvand petrochemical. A program in EES
(Engineering Equations Solver) software moreover, Aspen B-JAC
and HTFS+ softwares are used for this purpose to solve governing
equations. At first the simulated results obtained from this program is
compared to the experimental data for two cases of FPI. The effects
of FPI from 3 to 15 over heat transfer (Q) to pressure drop ratio
(Q/Δp ratio). This ratio is one of the main parameters in design, and
simulation heat exchangers. The results show that heat transfer (Q)
and pressure drop increase with increasing FPI steadily, and the Q/Δp
ratio increases to FPI=12 and then decreased gradually to FPI=15,
and Q/Δp ratio is maximum at FPI=12. The FPI value selection
between 8 and 12 obtained as a result to optimum heat transfer to
pressure drop ratio. Also by contrast, between circular and hexagonal
fins results, the Q/Δp ratio of hexagonal fins more than Q/Δp ratio of
circular fins for FPI between 8 and 12 (optimum FPI)
Abstract: Tannins are a unique category of plant phytochemicals
especially in terms of their vast potential health-benefiting properties.
Researchers have described the capacity of tannins to enhance
glucose uptake and inhibit adipogenesis, thus being potential drugs
for the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Thus,
the present research was conducted to find out tannin content of food
products. The percentage of tannin in various analyzed sources
ranged from 0.0 to 108.53%; highest in kathaa and lowest in ker and
mango bark. The percentage of tannins present in the plants,
however, varies. Numerous studies have confirmed that the naturally
occurring polyphenols are key factor for the beneficial effects of the
herbal medicines. Isolation and identification of active constituents
from plants, preparation of standardized dose & dosage regimen can
play a significant role in improving the hypoglycaemic action.
Abstract: This work explores the inter-region investment
behaviors of Integrated Circuit (IC) design industry from Taiwan to
China using the amount of foreign direct investment (FDI). According
to the mutual dependence among different IC design industrial
locations, Lotka-Volterra model is utilized to explore the FDI
interactions between South and East China. Effects of inter-regional
collaborations on FDI flows into China are considered. The analysis
results show that FDIs into South China for IC design industry
significantly inspire the subsequent FDIs into East China, while FDIs
into East China for Taiwan’s IC design industry significantly hinder
the subsequent FDIs into South China. Because the supply chain along
IC industry includes upstream IC design, midstream manufacturing, as
well as downstream packing and testing enterprises, IC design industry
has to cooperate with IC manufacturing, packaging and testing
industries in the same area to form a strong IC industrial cluster.
Taiwan’s IC design industry implement the largest FDI amount into
East China and the second largest FDI amount into South China
among the four regions: North, East, Mid-West and South China. If IC
design houses undertake more FDIs in South China, those in East
China are urged to incrementally implement more FDIs into East
China to maintain the competitive advantages of the IC supply chain in
East China. On the other hand, as the FDIs in East China rise, the FDIs
in South China will successively decline since capitals have
concentrated in East China. In addition, this investigation proves that
the prediction of Lotka-Volterra model in FDI trends is accurate
because the industrial interactions between the two regions are
included. Finally, this work confirms that the FDI flows cannot reach a
stable equilibrium point, so the FDI inflows into East and South China
will expand in the future.
Abstract: This paper presents a speed estimation scheme based
on second-order sliding-mode Super Twisting Algorithm (STA) and
Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) estimation theory for
Sensorless control of multiphase induction machine. A stator current
observer is designed based on the STA, which is utilized to take the
place of the reference voltage model of the standard MRAS
algorithm. The observer is insensitive to the variation of rotor
resistance and magnetizing inductance when the states arrive at the
sliding mode. Derivatives of rotor flux are obtained and designed as
the state of MRAS, thus eliminating the integration. Compared with
the first-order sliding-mode speed estimator, the proposed scheme
makes full use of the auxiliary sliding-mode surface, thus alleviating
the chattering behavior without increasing the complexity. Simulation
results show the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed
scheme.
Abstract: Environmental and functional conditions, sometimes,
necessitate the architectural plan of the building to be asymmetric,
and this result in an asymmetric structure. In such cases finding an
optimal pattern for locating the components of lateral load bearing
system, including shear walls, in the building’s plan is desired. In
case of shear wall in addition to the location the shape of the wall
cross-section is also an effective factor. Various types of shear walls
and their proper layout might come effective in better stiffness
distribution and more appropriate seismic response of the building.
Several studies have been conducted in the context of analysis and
design of shear walls; however, few studies have been performed on
making decisions for the location and form of shear walls in multistory
buildings, especially those with irregular plan. In this study, an
attempt has been made to obtain the most reliable seismic behavior of
multi-story reinforced concrete vertically chamfered buildings by
using more appropriate shear walls form and arrangement in 7-, 10-,
12-, and 15-stoy buildings. The considered forms and arrangements
include common rectangular walls and L-, T-, U- and Z-shaped plan,
located as the core or in the outer frames of the building structure.
Comparison of seismic behaviors of the buildings, including
maximum roof displacement and particularly formation of plastic
hinges and their distribution in the buildings’ structures, have been
done based on the results of a series of nonlinear time history
analyses, by using a set of selected earthquake records. Results show
that shear walls with U-shaped cross-section, placed as the building
central core, and also walls with Z-shaped cross-section, placed at the
corners give the building more reliable seismic behavior.
Abstract: Structural failure is caused mainly by damage that
often occurs on structures. Many researchers focus on to obtain very
efficient tools to detect the damage in structures in the early state. In
the past decades, a subject that has received considerable attention in
literature is the damage detection as determined by variations in the
dynamic characteristics or response of structures. The study presents
a new damage identification technique. The technique detects the
damage location for the incomplete structure system using output
data only. The method indicates the damage based on the free
vibration test data by using ‘Two Points Condensation (TPC)
technique’. This method creates a set of matrices by reducing the
structural system to two degrees of freedom systems. The current
stiffness matrices obtain from optimization the equation of motion
using the measured test data. The current stiffness matrices compare
with original (undamaged) stiffness matrices. The large percentage
changes in matrices’ coefficients lead to the location of the damage. TPC technique is applied to the experimental data of a simply
supported steel beam model structure after inducing thickness change
in one element, where two cases consider. The method detects the
damage and determines its location accurately in both cases. In
addition, the results illustrate these changes in stiffness matrix can be
a useful tool for continuous monitoring of structural safety using
ambient vibration data. Furthermore, its efficiency proves that this
technique can be used also for big structures.
Abstract: Many existing amusement parks have been operated
with assistance of a variety of information and communications
technologies to design friendly and efficient service systems for
tourists. However, these systems leave various levels of decisions to
tourists to make by themselves. This incurs pressure on tourists and
thereby bringing negative experience in their tour. This paper
proposes a smart amusement park system to offer each tourist the
GPS-based customized plan without tourists making decisions by
themselves. The proposed system consists of the mobile app
subsystem, the central subsystem, and the detecting/counting
subsystem. The mobile app subsystem interacts with the central
subsystem. The central subsystem performs the necessary computing
and database management of the proposed system. The
detecting/counting subsystem aims to detect and compute the number
of visitors to an attraction. Experimental results show that the
proposed system can not only work well, but also provide an
innovative business operating model for owners of amusement parks.
Abstract: This paper illustrates the background of various
concepts, approaches, terminologies used to describe the basic
framework of an Islamic Hotel Room design. This paper reviews the
theoretical views in establishing a suitable and optimum environment
for Muslim as well as non-Muslim guests in hotel rooms while
according to shariah. It involves a few research methodologies that
requires the researcher to study on a few characteristics needed to
create more efficient rooms in terms of social interaction, economic
growth and other tolerable elements. This paper intends on revealing
the elements that are vital and may contribute for hotels in achieving
a more conclusive research on space planning for hotel rooms
focusing on the shariah and Muslim guests. Malaysia is an Islamic
country and has billion of tourists coming over for business and
recreational purposes. Therefore, having a righteous environment that
best suit this target user is important in terms of generating the
economy as well as providing a better understanding to the
community on the benefits of applying these qualities in a
conventional resort design.
Abstract: The purpose of the study is to find out relation of
moral massage between the authority and globalization in proverb.
Proverb is one of the many forms of cultural identity of the
Indonesian/Malay people filled with moral values. The values
contained within those proverbs are beneficial not only to the society,
but also to those who held power amidst on this era of globalization.
The method being used is qualitative research through content
analysis which is done by describing and uncovering the forms and
meanings of proverbs used within Indonesia Minangkabau society.
Sources for this study’s data were extracted from a Minangkabau
native speaker in the sub district of Tanah Abang, Jakarta. Said
sources were retrieved through a series of interviews with the
Minangkabau native speaker, whose speech is still adorned with
idiomatic expressions. The research findings show that there are 30
existed proverbs or idiomatic expressions in the Minangkabau
language often used by its indigenous people. The thirty data contain
moral values which are closely interwoven with the matter of power
and globalization. Analytical results show that the fourteen moral
values contained within proverbs reflect a firm connection between
rule and power in globalization; such as: responsible, brave,
togetherness and consensus, tolerance, politeness, thorough and
meticulous, honest and keeping promise, ingenious and learning,
care, self-correction, be fair, alert, arbitrary, self-awareness.
Structurally, proverbs possess an unchangeably formal construction;
symbolically, proverbs possess meanings that are clearly decided
through ethnographic communicative factors along with situational
and cultural contexts. Values contained within proverbs may be used
as a guide in social management, be it between fellow men, between
men and nature, or even between men and their Creator. Therefore,
the meanings and values contained within the morals of proverbs
could also be utilized as a counsel for those who rule and in charge of
power in order to stem the tides of globalization that had already
spread into sectoral, territorial and educational continuums.
Abstract: Inference plays an important role in the learning
process and it can lead to a rapid acquisition of a second language.
When learning a non-native language i.e., a critical language like
Arabic, the students depend on the teacher’s support most of the time
to learn new concepts. The students focus on memorizing the new
vocabulary and stress on learning all the grammatical rules. Hence,
the students became mechanical and cannot produce the language
easily. As a result, they are unable to predicate the meaning of words
in the context by relying heavily on the teacher, in that they cannot
link their prior knowledge or even identify the meaning of the words
without the support of the teacher. This study explores how the
teacher guides students learning during the inference process and
what are the processes of learning that can direct student’s inference.
Abstract: This paper introduces the concept and principle of data
cleaning, analyzes the types and causes of dirty data, and proposes
several key steps of typical cleaning process, puts forward a well
scalability and versatility data cleaning framework, in view of data
with attribute dependency relation, designs several of violation data
discovery algorithms by formal formula, which can obtain inconsistent
data to all target columns with condition attribute dependent no matter
data is structured (SQL) or unstructured (NoSql), and gives 6 data
cleaning methods based on these algorithms.
Abstract: Analyzing the relation networks between the hospital
buildings which have complex structure and distinctive spatial
relationships is quite difficult. The hospital buildings which require
specialty in spatial relationship solutions during design and selfinnovation
through the developing technology should survive and
keep giving service even after the disasters such as earthquakes. In
this study, a hospital building where the load-bearing system was
strengthened because of the insufficient earthquake performance and
the construction of an additional building was required to meet the
increasing need for space was discussed and a comparative spatial
evaluation of the hospital building was made with regard to its status
before the change and after the change. For this reason, spatial
organizations of the building before change and after the change were
analyzed by means of Space Syntax method and the effects of the
change on space organization parameters were searched by applying
an analytical procedure. Using Depthmap UCL software,
Connectivity, Visual Mean Depth, Beta and Visual Integration
analyses were conducted. Based on the data obtained after the
analyses, it was seen that the relationships between spaces of the
building increased after the change and the building has become more
explicit and understandable for the occupants. Furthermore, it was
determined according to findings of the analysis that the increase in
depth causes difficulty in perceiving the spaces and the changes
considering this problem generally ease spatial use.
Abstract: Urban areas, as they have been developed and operate
today, are areas of accumulation of a significant amount of people
and a large number of activities that generate desires and reasons for
traveling. The territorial expansion of the cities as well as the need to
preserve the importance of the central city areas lead to the
continuous increase of transportation needs which in the limited
urban space results in creating serious traffic and operational
problems. The modern perception of urban planning is directed towards more
holistic approaches and integrated policies that make it economically
competitive, socially just and more environmentally friendly. Over
the last 25 years, the goal of sustainable transport development has
been central to the agenda of any plan or policy for the city. The
modern planning of urban space takes into account the economic and
social aspects of the city and the importance of the environment to
sustainable urban development. In this context, the European Union
promotes direct or indirect related interventions according to the
cohesion and environmental policies; many countries even had the
chance to actually test them. This paper explores the methods and processes that have been
developed towards this direction and presents a review and
systematic presentation of this work. The ultimate purpose of this
research is to effectively use this review to create a decision making
methodological framework which can be the basis of a useful
operational tool for sustainable urban planning.
Abstract: Istanbul-Karakoy Port, field of this study, has lost its
former significance in time due to the transformation of urban
functions. Today, activities for regeneration of this region continue in
two forms and scales. First of these activities is the "planned
transformation projects," which also includes “Galataport project”,
and the second one is "spontaneous transformation," which consists
of individual interventions. Galataport project that based on the idea
of arranging the area specifically for tourists was prepared in 2005
and became a topic of tremendous public debate. On the other hand,
the "spontaneous transformation" that is observed in Karakoy District
starts in 2004 with the foundation of “Istanbul Modern Museum”
which allowed the cultural integration of old naval warehouses of the
port to the daily life. Following this adaptive reuse intervention, the
district started to accommodate numerous art galleries, studios, caféworkshops
and design stores. In this context, this paper first examines
regeneration studies in obsolete port regions, analyzes the planned
and ongoing socio-spatial transformations in the specific case of
Karakoy and performs a critical review of the sustainability of the
proposals on how to reinstate the district in the active life of Istanbul.