The Status of BIM Adoption on Six Continents

This paper reports the worldwide status of building
information modeling (BIM) adoption from the perspectives of the
engagement level, the Hype Cycle model, the technology diffusion
model, and BIM services. An online survey was distributed, and 156
experts from six continents responded. Overall, North America was
the most advanced continent, followed by Oceania and Europe.
Countries in Asia perceived their phase mainly as slope of
enlightenment (mature) in the Hype Cycle model. In the technology
diffusion model, the main BIM-users worldwide were “early majority”
(third phase), but those in the Middle East/Africa and South America
were “early adopters” (second phase). In addition, the more advanced
the country, the more number of BIM services employed in general. In
summary, North America, Europe, Oceania, and Asia were advancing
rapidly toward the mature stage of BIM, whereas the Middle
East/Africa and South America were still in the early phase. The
simple indexes used in this study may be used to track the worldwide
status of BIM adoption in long-term surveys.

• Wooyoung Jung
• Ghang Lee

• BIM adoption
• BIM services
• Hype Cycle model
• Technology diffusion model.

[1] Berlo, L. V., Dijkmans, T., Hendriks, H., Spekkink, D., and Pel, W.
(2012). “BIM QuickScan: benchmark of BIM performance in the
Netherlands.” Proc., Proceedings of the CIB W78 2012: 29th
International Conference.
[2] Eadie, R., Browne, M., Odeyinky, H., McKeown, C., and McNiffb, S.
(2013). “BIM implementation throughout the UK construction project
lifecycle: An analysis.” Automation in Construction, vol. 36, pp. 145-151.
[3] Kassem, M., Succar, B., and Dawood, N. (2013). “A proposed approach
to comparing the BIM maturity of countries.” Proc., Poceedings of the
CIB W78 2013: 30th International Conference – Beijing, China, 9-12
October.
[4] Succar, B. (2009). “Building information modelling framework: A
research and delivery foundation for industry stakeholders.” Automation
in Construction, vol. 18, issue. 3, pp. 357-375.
[5] Young, N. W., Jr., Jones, S. A., and Bernstein, H. M. (2007).
“Interoperability in the Construction Industry.” SmartMarket Report,
McGraw Hill Construction, Bedford, MA, pp. 36.
[6] Jr., N. W. Y., Jones, S. A., Bernstein, H. M., and Gudgel, J. E. (2009).
“The Business Value of BIM.” SmartMarket Report, McGraw Hill
Construction, Bedford, MA, pp. 52.
[7] Bernstein, H. M., Jones, S. A., Gudgel, J. E., Messina, F., Partyka, D.,
Lorenz, A., Buckley, B., Fitch, E., Laquidara, D., and Gilmore, D. (2010).
“The Business Value of BIM in Europe.” SmartMarket Report, McGraw
Hill Construction, pp. 52.
[8] Lee. G., Lee, J., Jones, S. A., Uhm, M., Won, J., Ham, S., and Park, Y.
(2012). “The Business Value of BIM in South Korea.” SmartMarket
Report, McGraw Hill Construction, Bedford, MA, pp. 60.
[9] Bernstein, H. M., Jones, S. A., Russo, M. A., Laquidara-Carr, D., Taylor,
W., Ramos, J., Healy, M., Lorenz, A., Fujishima, H., Fitch, E., Buckley,
B., and Gilmore, D. (2012). “Business Value of BIM in North America.”
SmartMarket Report, McGraw Hill Construction, Bedford, MA, pp. 64.
[10] Bernstein, H. M., Jones, S. A., Russo, M. A., Laquidara-Carr, D., Taylor,
W., Ramos, J., Lorenz, A., and Terumasa, Y. (2013). “The Business
Value of BIM for Construction in Major Global Markets.” SmartMarket
Report, McGraw Hill Construction, Bedford, MA, pp. 64.
[11] Bernstein, H. M., Jones, S. A., Russo, M. A., Laquidara-Carr, D., Taylor,
W., Ramos, J., and Pineda, R. (2014). “The Business Value of BIM in
Australia and New Zealand.” SmartMarket Report, McGraw Hill
Construction, pp. 64.
[12] Won, J., Lee, G., and Lee, C. (2009). “Comparative analysis of BIM
adoption in Korean Construction Industry and Other countries.” ICCEM,
ICCPM 2009, Jeju.
[13] The National BIM Survey. (2011). “National BIM Report 2011” NBS, the
National BIM Survey, pp. 21.
[14] The National BIM Survey. (2012). “National BIM Report 2012” NBS, the
National BIM Survey, pp. 20.
[15] The National BIM Survey. (2013). “National BIM Report 2013” NBS, the
National BIM Survey, pp. 28.
[16] The National BIM Survey. (2014). “National BIM Report 2014” NBS, the
National BIM Survey, pp. 36.
[17] Sharif, T. (2011). “BIM in the Middle East.” Middle-East BIM report,
buildingSMART ME, pp. 64.
[18] Nikkie BP Consulting, Inc. (2011). “Japan 2011 BIM Survey”, Nikkie BP
Consulting, Inc., pp. 52.
[19] The National BIM Survey. (2013). “NBS International BIM Report 2013”
NBS, the National BIM Survey. pp. 16.
[20] O’Leary, D. E. (2008). “Gartner’s hype cycle and information system
research issues.” International Journal of Accounting Information
Systems, vol. 9, issue. 4, pp. 240-252.
[21] Fenn, J., and Raskino, M. (2008). Matering the HYPE CYCLE, Harvard
Business Review Press. pp.3-88
[22] Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations, Free Press. pp.252-280
[23] Kreider, R., Messner, J., and Dubler, C. (2010). “Determining the
Frequency and Benefit of Applying BIM for Different Purposes on
Building Projects.” 6th International Conference on Innovation in
Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC), Penn State
University, University Park, PA, USA.
[24] Messner, J., Anumba, C., Dubler, C., Goddman, S., Kasprzak, C., Kreider,
R., Leicht, R., Saluja, C., and Zikic, N. (2010). “BIM Project Execution
Planning Guide.” The Computer Integrated Construction Research
Program, pp. 134.
[25] Won, J., Lee, G., and Park, Y. (2010). “2010 Survey on BIM Adoption in
Korea” The BIM, buildingSMART Korea.