The Optimization of Copper Sulfate and Tincalconite Molar Ratios on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Copper Borates
In this research, copper borates are synthesized by the
reaction of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) and
tincalconite (Na2O4B7.10H2O). The experimental parameters are
selected as 80oC reaction temperature and 60 of reaction time. The
effect of mole ratio of CuSO4.5H2O to Na2O4B7.5H2O is studied. For
the identification analyses X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques are used. At the
end of the experiments, synthesized copper borate is matched with
the powder diffraction file of “00-001-0472” [Cu(BO2)2] and
characteristic vibrations between B and O atoms are seen. The proper
crystals are obtained at the mole ratio of 3:1. This study showed that
simplified synthesis process is suitable for the production of copper
borate minerals.
[1] ETI MINE General Directorate, “Bor sector report”, Istanbul, 2013.
[2] J. Schlüter, D. Pohl, U. Golla Schindler, “Santarosaite, CuB2O4, a new
mineral with disordered structure from the Santa Rosa mine, Atacama
desert, Chile”, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie-Abhandlungen, vol.
185, 27-32, 2008.
[3] A.R. Kampf, G. Favreau, “Jacquesdietrichite, Cu2[BO(OH)2](OH)3, a
new mineral from the Tachgagalt mine, Morocco: Description and
crystal structure”, European Journal of Mineralogy, vol. 16, 361-366,
2004.
[4] J.W. Anthony, R.A. Bideaux, K.W. Bladh, M.C. Nichols, “Handbook of
Mineralogy, 1997, vol. 3, 35,.
[5] P. A. Kokkoros, P. J. Rentzeperis, "The crystal structure of the
anhydrous sulphates of copper and zinc", Acta Crystallographica, vol.
11, 361–364, 1958.
[6] M. R. Snure, A. Tiwari, “CuBO2: A p-type transparent oxide”, Applied
Physics Letters, vol. 91, 1-4, 2007.
[7] N. V. Kuratieva, D. Mikhailova, H. Ehrenberg, “A new polymorph of
Cu3B2O6”, Acta Crystallographica Section C - Crystal Structure
Communications, vol. C65, i85–i86, 2009.
[8] M. R. Snure, “Transparent conducting oxides and their applications”,
2009, PhD Thesis, The University of Utah, Utah, USA.
[9] S.S. Nair, “Effectiveness of Copper-Boron Diffusion Treatments for
Wood”, 2006, MSc. Thesis, University of Idaho, Moscow, USA.
[10] C. Zhu, W. Li, X. Nai1, D. Zhu, F. Guo, S. Song, “Preparation of copper
aluminum borate whiskers via flux method”, Crystal Research and
Technology, vol. 47, 73-78, 2012.
[11] D. O. Scanlon, A. Walsh, G. W. Watson, “Understanding the p-Type
Conduction Properties of the Transparent Conducting Oxide CuBO2: A
Density Functional Theory Analysis”, Chemistry of Materials, vol. 21,
4568–4576, 2009.
[12] P.S. Malavi, S. Karmakar, S.M. Sharma, “High pressure structural
investigations of copper metaborate (CuB2O4)”, SOLID STATE
PHYSICS: Proceedings of the 57th DAE Solid State Physics Symposium,
vol. 1512, 88-89, 2013.
[13] Y. Zheng, Z. Wang, Y. Tian, Y. Qu, S. Li, D. An, X. Chen, S. Guan,
“Synthesis and performance of 1D and 2D copper borate
nano/microstructures with different morphologies”, Colloids and
Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol. 349, 156–
161, 2009.
[14] S. Santra, N.S. Das, K.K. Chattopadhyay, “Sol–gel synthesis and
characterization of wide band gap p-type nanocrystalline CuBO2”,
Materials Letters, vol. 92, 198–201, 2013.
[15] E. Moroydor Derun, A. S. Kipcak, “Characterization of some boron
minerals against neutron shielding and 12 year performance of neutron
permeability”, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, vol.
292, 871-878, 2012.
[16] C.E. Weir, R.A. Schroer, “Infrared spectra of the crystalline inganic
borates”, Journal of Research of The National Bureau of Standards- A.
Physics ond Chemistry, vol. 68A, 465–486, 1964.
[17] J. Yongzhong, G. Shiyang, X. Shuping, L. Lun, “FT-IR spectroscopy of
supersaturated aqueous solutions of magnesium borate”, Spectrochimica
Acta Part A, 56, 1291–1297, 2000.
[1] ETI MINE General Directorate, “Bor sector report”, Istanbul, 2013.
[2] J. Schlüter, D. Pohl, U. Golla Schindler, “Santarosaite, CuB2O4, a new
mineral with disordered structure from the Santa Rosa mine, Atacama
desert, Chile”, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie-Abhandlungen, vol.
185, 27-32, 2008.
[3] A.R. Kampf, G. Favreau, “Jacquesdietrichite, Cu2[BO(OH)2](OH)3, a
new mineral from the Tachgagalt mine, Morocco: Description and
crystal structure”, European Journal of Mineralogy, vol. 16, 361-366,
2004.
[4] J.W. Anthony, R.A. Bideaux, K.W. Bladh, M.C. Nichols, “Handbook of
Mineralogy, 1997, vol. 3, 35,.
[5] P. A. Kokkoros, P. J. Rentzeperis, "The crystal structure of the
anhydrous sulphates of copper and zinc", Acta Crystallographica, vol.
11, 361–364, 1958.
[6] M. R. Snure, A. Tiwari, “CuBO2: A p-type transparent oxide”, Applied
Physics Letters, vol. 91, 1-4, 2007.
[7] N. V. Kuratieva, D. Mikhailova, H. Ehrenberg, “A new polymorph of
Cu3B2O6”, Acta Crystallographica Section C - Crystal Structure
Communications, vol. C65, i85–i86, 2009.
[8] M. R. Snure, “Transparent conducting oxides and their applications”,
2009, PhD Thesis, The University of Utah, Utah, USA.
[9] S.S. Nair, “Effectiveness of Copper-Boron Diffusion Treatments for
Wood”, 2006, MSc. Thesis, University of Idaho, Moscow, USA.
[10] C. Zhu, W. Li, X. Nai1, D. Zhu, F. Guo, S. Song, “Preparation of copper
aluminum borate whiskers via flux method”, Crystal Research and
Technology, vol. 47, 73-78, 2012.
[11] D. O. Scanlon, A. Walsh, G. W. Watson, “Understanding the p-Type
Conduction Properties of the Transparent Conducting Oxide CuBO2: A
Density Functional Theory Analysis”, Chemistry of Materials, vol. 21,
4568–4576, 2009.
[12] P.S. Malavi, S. Karmakar, S.M. Sharma, “High pressure structural
investigations of copper metaborate (CuB2O4)”, SOLID STATE
PHYSICS: Proceedings of the 57th DAE Solid State Physics Symposium,
vol. 1512, 88-89, 2013.
[13] Y. Zheng, Z. Wang, Y. Tian, Y. Qu, S. Li, D. An, X. Chen, S. Guan,
“Synthesis and performance of 1D and 2D copper borate
nano/microstructures with different morphologies”, Colloids and
Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol. 349, 156–
161, 2009.
[14] S. Santra, N.S. Das, K.K. Chattopadhyay, “Sol–gel synthesis and
characterization of wide band gap p-type nanocrystalline CuBO2”,
Materials Letters, vol. 92, 198–201, 2013.
[15] E. Moroydor Derun, A. S. Kipcak, “Characterization of some boron
minerals against neutron shielding and 12 year performance of neutron
permeability”, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, vol.
292, 871-878, 2012.
[16] C.E. Weir, R.A. Schroer, “Infrared spectra of the crystalline inganic
borates”, Journal of Research of The National Bureau of Standards- A.
Physics ond Chemistry, vol. 68A, 465–486, 1964.
[17] J. Yongzhong, G. Shiyang, X. Shuping, L. Lun, “FT-IR spectroscopy of
supersaturated aqueous solutions of magnesium borate”, Spectrochimica
Acta Part A, 56, 1291–1297, 2000.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:66073", author = "E. Moroydor Derun and N. Tugrul and F. T. Senberber and A. S. Kipcak and S. Piskin", title = "The Optimization of Copper Sulfate and Tincalconite Molar Ratios on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Copper Borates", abstract = "In this research, copper borates are synthesized by the
reaction of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) and
tincalconite (Na2O4B7.10H2O). The experimental parameters are
selected as 80oC reaction temperature and 60 of reaction time. The
effect of mole ratio of CuSO4.5H2O to Na2O4B7.5H2O is studied. For
the identification analyses X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques are used. At the
end of the experiments, synthesized copper borate is matched with
the powder diffraction file of “00-001-0472” [Cu(BO2)2] and
characteristic vibrations between B and O atoms are seen. The proper
crystals are obtained at the mole ratio of 3:1. This study showed that
simplified synthesis process is suitable for the production of copper
borate minerals.
", keywords = "Hydrothermal synthesis, copper borates, copper
sulfate, tincalconite.", volume = "8", number = "10", pages = "1095-5", }
