Study of Low Loading Heavier Phase in Horizontal Oil-Water Liquid-Liquid Pipe Flow
Production fluids are transported from the platform to
tankers or process facilities through transfer pipelines. Water being
one of the heavier phases tends to settle at the bottom of pipelines
especially at low flow velocities and this has adverse consequences
for pipeline integrity. On restart after a shutdown, this could result in
corrosion and issues for process equipment, thus the need to have the
heavier liquid dispersed into the flowing lighter fluid. This study
looked at the flow regime of low water cut and low flow velocity oil
and water flow using conductive film thickness probes in a large
diameter 4-inch pipe to obtain oil and water interface height and the
interface structural velocity. A wide range of 0.1–1.0 m/s oil and
water mixture velocities was investigated for 0.5–5% water cut. Two
fluid model predictions were used to compare with the experimental
results.
[1] Al-Wahaibi, T., & Angeli, P. (2007). Transition between stratified and
non-stratified horizontal oil-water flows. Part I: Stability analysis.
Chemical Engineering Science, 62(11), 2915–2928.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2007.01.024
[2] Angeli, P., & Hewitt, G. F. (2000). Flow structure in horizontal oil-water
flow. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 26(7), 1117–1140.
http://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9322(99)00081-6
[3] Simmons, M. J. H., & Azzopardi, B. J. (2001). Drop size distributions in
dispersed liquid–liquid pipe flow. International Journal of Multiphase
Flow, 27(5), 843–859.
[4] Lovick, J., & Angeli, P. (2004). Droplet size and velocity profiles in
liquid-liquid horizontal flows. Chemical Engineering Science, 59(15),
3105–3115. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.04.035
[5] Rodriguez, O. M. H., & Oliemans, R. V. a. (2006). Experimental study
on oil-water flow in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes. International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, 32(3), 323–343.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2005.11.001
[6] Brauner, N., & Moalem Maron, D. (1992). Flow pattern transitions in
two-phase liquid-liquid flow in horizontal tubes. International Journal
of Multiphase Flow, 18(1), 123–140. http://doi.org/10.1016/0301-
9322(92)90010-E.
[7] Brauner, N., Moalem Maron, D., & Rovinsky, J. (1998). A two-fluid
model for stratified flows with curved interfaces. International Journal
of Multiphase Flow, 24(6), 975–1004. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-
9322(98)00005-6
[8] Ullmann, A., Zamir, M., Gat, S., & Brauner, N. (2003). Multi-holdups in
co-current stratified flow in inclined tubes. International Journal of
Multiphase Flow, 29(10), 1565–1581.
[9] Coney, M. W. E. (1973). The theory and application of conductance
probes for the measurement of liquid film thickness in two phase flow.
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments, 6(9)
[10] Sunder Raj, T., Chakrabarti, D. P., & Das, G. (2005). Liquid-Liquid
Stratified Flow through Horizontal Conduits. Chemical Engineering &
Technology, 28(8), 899–907. http://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200500067
[1] Al-Wahaibi, T., & Angeli, P. (2007). Transition between stratified and
non-stratified horizontal oil-water flows. Part I: Stability analysis.
Chemical Engineering Science, 62(11), 2915–2928.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2007.01.024
[2] Angeli, P., & Hewitt, G. F. (2000). Flow structure in horizontal oil-water
flow. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 26(7), 1117–1140.
http://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9322(99)00081-6
[3] Simmons, M. J. H., & Azzopardi, B. J. (2001). Drop size distributions in
dispersed liquid–liquid pipe flow. International Journal of Multiphase
Flow, 27(5), 843–859.
[4] Lovick, J., & Angeli, P. (2004). Droplet size and velocity profiles in
liquid-liquid horizontal flows. Chemical Engineering Science, 59(15),
3105–3115. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.04.035
[5] Rodriguez, O. M. H., & Oliemans, R. V. a. (2006). Experimental study
on oil-water flow in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes. International
Journal of Multiphase Flow, 32(3), 323–343.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2005.11.001
[6] Brauner, N., & Moalem Maron, D. (1992). Flow pattern transitions in
two-phase liquid-liquid flow in horizontal tubes. International Journal
of Multiphase Flow, 18(1), 123–140. http://doi.org/10.1016/0301-
9322(92)90010-E.
[7] Brauner, N., Moalem Maron, D., & Rovinsky, J. (1998). A two-fluid
model for stratified flows with curved interfaces. International Journal
of Multiphase Flow, 24(6), 975–1004. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-
9322(98)00005-6
[8] Ullmann, A., Zamir, M., Gat, S., & Brauner, N. (2003). Multi-holdups in
co-current stratified flow in inclined tubes. International Journal of
Multiphase Flow, 29(10), 1565–1581.
[9] Coney, M. W. E. (1973). The theory and application of conductance
probes for the measurement of liquid film thickness in two phase flow.
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments, 6(9)
[10] Sunder Raj, T., Chakrabarti, D. P., & Das, G. (2005). Liquid-Liquid
Stratified Flow through Horizontal Conduits. Chemical Engineering &
Technology, 28(8), 899–907. http://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200500067
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:71546", author = "Aminu J. A. Koguna and Aliyu M. Aliyu and Olawale T. Fajemidupe and Yahaya D. Baba", title = "Study of Low Loading Heavier Phase in Horizontal Oil-Water Liquid-Liquid Pipe Flow", abstract = "Production fluids are transported from the platform to
tankers or process facilities through transfer pipelines. Water being
one of the heavier phases tends to settle at the bottom of pipelines
especially at low flow velocities and this has adverse consequences
for pipeline integrity. On restart after a shutdown, this could result in
corrosion and issues for process equipment, thus the need to have the
heavier liquid dispersed into the flowing lighter fluid. This study
looked at the flow regime of low water cut and low flow velocity oil
and water flow using conductive film thickness probes in a large
diameter 4-inch pipe to obtain oil and water interface height and the
interface structural velocity. A wide range of 0.1–1.0 m/s oil and
water mixture velocities was investigated for 0.5–5% water cut. Two
fluid model predictions were used to compare with the experimental
results.", keywords = "Interface height, liquid-liquid flow, two-fluid model,
water cut.", volume = "9", number = "11", pages = "1964-5", }