Strengthening and Toughening of Dental Porcelain by the Inclusion of an Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Reinforcing Phase

Dental porcelain composites reinforced and toughened
by 20 wt.% tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) were processed by hot
pressing at 1000°C. Two types of particles were tested: yttriastabilized
zirconia (ZrO2–3%Y2O3) agglomerates and pre-sintered
yttria-stabilized zirconia (ZrO2–3%Y2O3) particles. The composites
as well as the reinforcing particles were analyzed by the means of
optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersion
Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The mechanical
properties were obtained by the transverse rupture strength test. Wear
tests were also performed on the composites and monolithic
porcelain. The best mechanical results were displayed by the
porcelain reinforced with the pre-sintered ZrO2–3%Y2O3
agglomerates.

• Bruno Henriques
• Rafaela Santos
• Mihaela Buciumeanu
• Júlio Matias de Souza
• Filipe Silva
• Rubens Nascimento
• Márcio Fredel

• Composite
• dental restoration
• porcelain
• strengthening
• toughening
• wear
• zirconia.

[1] Z. Jing, Z. Ke, L. Yihong, S. Zhijian, “Effect of multistep processing
techniques on the formation of micro-defects and residual stresses in
zirconia dental restoration,” J Prosthodontics, vol. 23, pp.206–210,
2014.
[2] J. Chevalier, L. Gremillard, A.V. Virkar, D.R. Clarke, “The tetragonalmonoclinic
transformation in zirconia: lessons learned and future
trends”, J Am CeramSoc, vol. 92, no.9, pp. 1901–1920, 2009.
[3] M. Ferraris, P. Rabajoli, F. Brossa, L. Paracchini, “Vacuum plasma
spray deposition of titanium particle/glass-ceramic matrix
biocomposites,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. vol.79, no. 6, pp.1515–1520, 1996.
[4] E. Verné, M. Ferraris, A. Ventrella, L. Paracchini, A. Krajewski, A.
Ravaglioli, “Sintering and plasma-spray deposition of bioactive glassmatrix
composites for biomedical applications”, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. vol.
18, no. 4, pp. 363–372, 1998.
[5] E. Verné, M. Ferraris, C. Jana, “Pressureless sintering of Bioverit1III/Ti
particle biocomposites” J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., vol. 19, pp. 2039–2047,
1999.
[6] E. Verné, M. Ferraris, C. Jana, L. Paracchini, “Bioverit1I base glass/Ti
particulate biocomposite: ‘‘in situ’’ vacuum plasma spray deposition”, J.
Eur. Ceram. Soc., vol. 20, pp. 473–479, 2000.
[7] T. Kasuga, K. Nakajima, T. Uno, M. Yoshida, Preparation of zirconiatoughened
bioactive glass-ceramic composite by sinter-hot isostatic
pressing. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., vol. 75, no. 5, 1992.
[8] T. Kasuga, M. Yoshida, T. Uno, K. Nakajima, Preparation of zirconiatoughened
bioactive glass-ceramics. J. Mater. Sci., vol. 23, pp. 2255–
2258, 1988.
[9] T. Fusayama, T. Katayoi, S. Nomoto, Corrosion of gold and amalgam
placed in contact with each other. J. Dent. Res., vol. 42, pp. 1183–1197,
1963.
[10] E. Verné, R. Defilippi, G Carl, C. Vitale Brovarone, P. Appendino,
Viscous flow sintering of bioactive glass-ceramic composites toughened
by zirconia particles, J. Eur. Cer. Soc., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 675-683, 2003.