Shape Memory alloy Actuator System Optimization for New Hand Prostheses
Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators have found a
wide range of applications due to their unique properties such as high
force, small size, lightweight and silent operation. This paper presents
the development of compact (SMA) actuator and cooling system in
one unit. This actuator is developed for multi-fingered hand. It
consists of nickel-titanium (Nitinol) SMA wires in compact forming.
The new arrangement insulates SMA wires from the human body by
housing it in a heat sink and uses a thermoelectric device for rejecting
heat to improve the actuator performance. The study uses
optimization methods for selecting the SMA wires geometrical
parameters and the material of a heat sink. The experimental work
implements the actuator prototype and measures its response.
[1] V.O. Del Cura, "A Study of the Different Types of Actuators and
Mechanisms for upper limb prostheses," Artificial Organs, 2003, pp:
507-516.
[2] C.S. Loh; H. Yokoi; T. Arai, "New Shape Memory Alloy Actuator:
Design And Application In The Prosthetic Hand," Proceedings Of The
2005 IEEE Engineering In Medicine And Biology 27th Annual
Conference Shanghai, China, 2005.
[3] Dynalloy, Inc: http://www.dynalloy.com. Accessed on 2011.
[4] K.J. De Laurentis; C. Mavroidis, "Mechanical Design Of A Shape
Memory Alloy Actuated Prosthetic Hand," Technology And Health
Care, 2002, pp: 91-106.
[5] K.T. O-Toole; M.M Mcgrath, "Mechanical Design And Theoretical
Analysis Of A Four Fingered Prosthetic Hand Incorporating Embedded
SMA Bundle Actuators," Proceedings Of World Academy Of Science
Engineering And Technology, 2007.
[6] V. Bundhoo; E. Haslam; B. Birch; E. A. Park, "Shape Memory Alloy-
Based Tendon-Driven Actuation System For Biomimetic Artificial
Fingers, Part I: Design And Evaluation," Robotica , April 2008, pp:131-
146.
[7] European thermodynamics: http://www.europeanthermodynamics.com.
Accessed on 2011.
[8] M.A. Ahmed; M.F. Taher; S.M. Metwalli, "New optimum humanoid
hand design for prosthetic applications," International Journal of
Artificial Organs, Initial Acceptance October 2011.
[9] S. Z. Shuja, "Optimization Of A Finned Heat Sink Array Based On
Thermoeconomic Analysis," Int. J. Energy Research, 2007, pp: 455-
471.
[10] M.D. Rakib, "Optimization of Heat Sinks with Flow Bypass Using
Entropy Generation Minimization", Msc. University of Waterloo, 2006.
[11] W.A. Khan; M. M. Yovanovich; J.R. Culham, "Optimization of
Microchannel Heat Sinks Using Entropy Generation Minimization
Method", IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging
Technologies, 2009, Vol. 32 pp: 243 - 251
[12] K. Ikuta; M. Tsukamoto; S. Hirose, "Mathematical model and
experimental verification of shape memory alloy for designing micro
actuator," in Proceedings of IEEE MEMS, Nara, Japan, 1991, pp. 103-
108.
[13] T. Coleman; M.A.Yin Zhang, "Optimization Toolbox for Use with
MATLAB R2007b," The MathWorks: Natick, MA, USA, 2007.
[14] A. Pai, "A phenomenological model of shape memory alloys including
time-varying stress," Master of Science, Waterloo Press, 2007.
[15] A. Trivedi, "Thermo-Mechanical Solutions in Electronic Packaging:
Component to System Level," Master of Science, Texas Press, 2008.
[16] F. De Bona; M.G.H. Munteanu, "Optimized flexural hinges for
compliant micromechanism," Analog integrated circuits and signal
processing, 2005, pp: 163-174.
[17] K. Cho; H.H. Asada, "Architecture Design Of A Multiaxis Cellular
Actuator Array Using Segmented Binary Control Of Shape Memory
Alloy," IEEE Transactions On Robotics, August 2006.
[18] MJ. Mosley and C Mavroidis, "Experimental Nonlinear Dynamics of a
Shape Memory Alloy Wire Bundle Actuator," Journal of Dynamic
Systems, Measurement, and Control, 2001: pp 103-112.
[19] M Mertmann and G Vergani, "Design and application of shape memory
actuators. Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics," 2008 (158): pp 221-230.
[1] V.O. Del Cura, "A Study of the Different Types of Actuators and
Mechanisms for upper limb prostheses," Artificial Organs, 2003, pp:
507-516.
[2] C.S. Loh; H. Yokoi; T. Arai, "New Shape Memory Alloy Actuator:
Design And Application In The Prosthetic Hand," Proceedings Of The
2005 IEEE Engineering In Medicine And Biology 27th Annual
Conference Shanghai, China, 2005.
[3] Dynalloy, Inc: http://www.dynalloy.com. Accessed on 2011.
[4] K.J. De Laurentis; C. Mavroidis, "Mechanical Design Of A Shape
Memory Alloy Actuated Prosthetic Hand," Technology And Health
Care, 2002, pp: 91-106.
[5] K.T. O-Toole; M.M Mcgrath, "Mechanical Design And Theoretical
Analysis Of A Four Fingered Prosthetic Hand Incorporating Embedded
SMA Bundle Actuators," Proceedings Of World Academy Of Science
Engineering And Technology, 2007.
[6] V. Bundhoo; E. Haslam; B. Birch; E. A. Park, "Shape Memory Alloy-
Based Tendon-Driven Actuation System For Biomimetic Artificial
Fingers, Part I: Design And Evaluation," Robotica , April 2008, pp:131-
146.
[7] European thermodynamics: http://www.europeanthermodynamics.com.
Accessed on 2011.
[8] M.A. Ahmed; M.F. Taher; S.M. Metwalli, "New optimum humanoid
hand design for prosthetic applications," International Journal of
Artificial Organs, Initial Acceptance October 2011.
[9] S. Z. Shuja, "Optimization Of A Finned Heat Sink Array Based On
Thermoeconomic Analysis," Int. J. Energy Research, 2007, pp: 455-
471.
[10] M.D. Rakib, "Optimization of Heat Sinks with Flow Bypass Using
Entropy Generation Minimization", Msc. University of Waterloo, 2006.
[11] W.A. Khan; M. M. Yovanovich; J.R. Culham, "Optimization of
Microchannel Heat Sinks Using Entropy Generation Minimization
Method", IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging
Technologies, 2009, Vol. 32 pp: 243 - 251
[12] K. Ikuta; M. Tsukamoto; S. Hirose, "Mathematical model and
experimental verification of shape memory alloy for designing micro
actuator," in Proceedings of IEEE MEMS, Nara, Japan, 1991, pp. 103-
108.
[13] T. Coleman; M.A.Yin Zhang, "Optimization Toolbox for Use with
MATLAB R2007b," The MathWorks: Natick, MA, USA, 2007.
[14] A. Pai, "A phenomenological model of shape memory alloys including
time-varying stress," Master of Science, Waterloo Press, 2007.
[15] A. Trivedi, "Thermo-Mechanical Solutions in Electronic Packaging:
Component to System Level," Master of Science, Texas Press, 2008.
[16] F. De Bona; M.G.H. Munteanu, "Optimized flexural hinges for
compliant micromechanism," Analog integrated circuits and signal
processing, 2005, pp: 163-174.
[17] K. Cho; H.H. Asada, "Architecture Design Of A Multiaxis Cellular
Actuator Array Using Segmented Binary Control Of Shape Memory
Alloy," IEEE Transactions On Robotics, August 2006.
[18] MJ. Mosley and C Mavroidis, "Experimental Nonlinear Dynamics of a
Shape Memory Alloy Wire Bundle Actuator," Journal of Dynamic
Systems, Measurement, and Control, 2001: pp 103-112.
[19] M Mertmann and G Vergani, "Design and application of shape memory
actuators. Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics," 2008 (158): pp 221-230.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:57646", author = "Mogeeb A. Ahmed and Mona F. Taher and Sayed M. Metwalli", title = "Shape Memory alloy Actuator System Optimization for New Hand Prostheses", abstract = "Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators have found a
wide range of applications due to their unique properties such as high
force, small size, lightweight and silent operation. This paper presents
the development of compact (SMA) actuator and cooling system in
one unit. This actuator is developed for multi-fingered hand. It
consists of nickel-titanium (Nitinol) SMA wires in compact forming.
The new arrangement insulates SMA wires from the human body by
housing it in a heat sink and uses a thermoelectric device for rejecting
heat to improve the actuator performance. The study uses
optimization methods for selecting the SMA wires geometrical
parameters and the material of a heat sink. The experimental work
implements the actuator prototype and measures its response.", keywords = "Optimization, Prosthetic hand, Shape memory alloy,
Thermoelectric device, Actuator system", volume = "6", number = "1", pages = "9-6", }
