Scatter Analysis of Fatigue Life and Pore Size Data of Die-Cast AM60B Magnesium Alloy
Scatter behavior of fatigue life in die-cast AM60B
alloy was investigated. For comparison, those in rolled AM60B alloy
and die-cast A365-T5 aluminum alloy were also studied. Scatter
behavior of pore size was also investigated to discuss dominant
factors for fatigue life scatter in die-cast materials. Three-parameter
Weibull function was suitable to explain the scatter behavior of both
fatigue life and pore size. The scatter of fatigue life in die-cast
AM60B alloy was almost comparable to that in die-cast A365-T5
alloy, while it was significantly large compared to that in the rolled
AM60B alloy. Scatter behavior of pore size observed at fracture
nucleation site on the fracture surface was comparable to that
observed on the specimen cross-section and also to that of fatigue
life. Therefore, the dominant factor for large scatter of fatigue life in
die-cast alloys would be the large scatter of pore size. This
speculation was confirmed by the fracture mechanics fatigue life
prediction, where the pore observed at fatigue crack nucleation site
was assumed as the pre-existing crack.
[1] Y. Lu, F. Taheri, M.A. Gharghouri, and H.P. Han, "Experimental and
numerical study of the effects of porosity on fatigue crack initiation of
HPDC magnesium AM60B alloy," J. Alloys Compd., vol. 470, pp. 202-
213, 2008.
[2] M.F. Horstemeyer, N. Yang, K. Gall, D. McDowell, J. Fan, and P.
Gullet, "High cycle fatigue mechanisms in a cast AM60B magnesium
alloy," Fatigue Fract. Engng. Mater Struct., vol. 25, pp. 1045-1056,
2002.
[3] B. Skallerud, T. Iveland, and G. Harkegard, "Fatigue life assessment
of aluminum alloys with casting defects," Eng. Fract. Mech., vol. 44,
pp. 857-874, 1993.
[4] Q.G. Wang, D. Apelian, and D.A. Lados, "Fatigue behavior of A356-T6
aluminum cast alloys. Part I. Effect of casting defects," J. Light Met.,
vol. 1, pp. 73-84, 2001.
[5] J.Z. Yi, P.D. Lee, T.C. Lindley, and T. Fukui, "Statistical modeling of
microstructure and defect population effects on the fatigue performance
of cast A356-T6 automotive components," Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 432,
pp. 59-68, 2006.
[6] J. Schijve, Fatigue of Structures and Materials, Springer, 2008, pp. 373-
393.
[7] H. El Kadiri, Y. Xue, M.F. Horstemeyer, J.B Jordan, and P.T. Wang,
"Identification and modeling of fatigue crack growth mechanisms in a
die-cast AM50 magnesium alloy," Acta Metall., vol. 54, pp. 5061-5076,
2006.
[8] M.F. Horstemeyer, N. Yang, K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, J. Fan and P. M.
Gullett, "High cycle fatigue of a die cast AZ91E-T4 magnesium alloy,"
Acta Materialia, 2004, vol. 52, pp.1327-1336.
[9] C. Nyahumwa, N.R. Green, and J. Campbell, "Influence of casting
technique and hot isostatic pressing on the fatigue of an Al-7Si-Mg
alloy," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 32A, pp. 349-358, 2001.
[10] J.Z. Yi, Y.X. Gao, P.D. Lee, H.M. Flower, and T.C. Lindley, "Scatter in
fatigue life due to effects of porosity in cast A356-T6 aluminum-silicon
alloys," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 34, pp. 1879-1890, 2003.
[11] J. Schijve, "Statistical distribution functions and fatigue of structures,"
Inter. J. of Fatigue, vol. 27, pp. 1031-1039, 2005.
[12] W. Weibull, "A Statistical distribution function of wide applicability," J.
Appl. Mech, 1951, vol. 18, pp. 293-297.
[13] X. Teng, H. Mae, Y. Bai, and T. Wierzbicki, Eng. Fract. Mech, 2009,
"Pore size and fracture ductility of aluminum low pressure die casting,"
vol. 76, pp. 983-996, 2009.
[14] S.A. Khan, "Effect of anodized layer on fatigue behavior under humid
environment," Ph.D. Thesis, 2007, pp. 5.1-5.17.
[15] J.C. Newman, JR., and I.S. Raju, "An empirical stress-intensity factor
equation for the surface crack," Engineering Fracture Mechanics,
Pergamon Press Ltd.,1981, vol. 15, No. 1-2, pp. 185-192.
[16] Y. Murakami, "Metal Fatigue: Effect of Small Defects and Nonmetallic
Inclusions," Elsevier Science Ltd, Boston, MA, 2002, pp. 369.
[17] J.C. Ting, V. Frederick, and F.V. Lawrence, JR, "Modeling the long-life
fatigue behavior of a cast aluminum alloy," Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater.
Struct., vol. 16, pp. 631-647, 1993.
[1] Y. Lu, F. Taheri, M.A. Gharghouri, and H.P. Han, "Experimental and
numerical study of the effects of porosity on fatigue crack initiation of
HPDC magnesium AM60B alloy," J. Alloys Compd., vol. 470, pp. 202-
213, 2008.
[2] M.F. Horstemeyer, N. Yang, K. Gall, D. McDowell, J. Fan, and P.
Gullet, "High cycle fatigue mechanisms in a cast AM60B magnesium
alloy," Fatigue Fract. Engng. Mater Struct., vol. 25, pp. 1045-1056,
2002.
[3] B. Skallerud, T. Iveland, and G. Harkegard, "Fatigue life assessment
of aluminum alloys with casting defects," Eng. Fract. Mech., vol. 44,
pp. 857-874, 1993.
[4] Q.G. Wang, D. Apelian, and D.A. Lados, "Fatigue behavior of A356-T6
aluminum cast alloys. Part I. Effect of casting defects," J. Light Met.,
vol. 1, pp. 73-84, 2001.
[5] J.Z. Yi, P.D. Lee, T.C. Lindley, and T. Fukui, "Statistical modeling of
microstructure and defect population effects on the fatigue performance
of cast A356-T6 automotive components," Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 432,
pp. 59-68, 2006.
[6] J. Schijve, Fatigue of Structures and Materials, Springer, 2008, pp. 373-
393.
[7] H. El Kadiri, Y. Xue, M.F. Horstemeyer, J.B Jordan, and P.T. Wang,
"Identification and modeling of fatigue crack growth mechanisms in a
die-cast AM50 magnesium alloy," Acta Metall., vol. 54, pp. 5061-5076,
2006.
[8] M.F. Horstemeyer, N. Yang, K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, J. Fan and P. M.
Gullett, "High cycle fatigue of a die cast AZ91E-T4 magnesium alloy,"
Acta Materialia, 2004, vol. 52, pp.1327-1336.
[9] C. Nyahumwa, N.R. Green, and J. Campbell, "Influence of casting
technique and hot isostatic pressing on the fatigue of an Al-7Si-Mg
alloy," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 32A, pp. 349-358, 2001.
[10] J.Z. Yi, Y.X. Gao, P.D. Lee, H.M. Flower, and T.C. Lindley, "Scatter in
fatigue life due to effects of porosity in cast A356-T6 aluminum-silicon
alloys," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 34, pp. 1879-1890, 2003.
[11] J. Schijve, "Statistical distribution functions and fatigue of structures,"
Inter. J. of Fatigue, vol. 27, pp. 1031-1039, 2005.
[12] W. Weibull, "A Statistical distribution function of wide applicability," J.
Appl. Mech, 1951, vol. 18, pp. 293-297.
[13] X. Teng, H. Mae, Y. Bai, and T. Wierzbicki, Eng. Fract. Mech, 2009,
"Pore size and fracture ductility of aluminum low pressure die casting,"
vol. 76, pp. 983-996, 2009.
[14] S.A. Khan, "Effect of anodized layer on fatigue behavior under humid
environment," Ph.D. Thesis, 2007, pp. 5.1-5.17.
[15] J.C. Newman, JR., and I.S. Raju, "An empirical stress-intensity factor
equation for the surface crack," Engineering Fracture Mechanics,
Pergamon Press Ltd.,1981, vol. 15, No. 1-2, pp. 185-192.
[16] Y. Murakami, "Metal Fatigue: Effect of Small Defects and Nonmetallic
Inclusions," Elsevier Science Ltd, Boston, MA, 2002, pp. 369.
[17] J.C. Ting, V. Frederick, and F.V. Lawrence, JR, "Modeling the long-life
fatigue behavior of a cast aluminum alloy," Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater.
Struct., vol. 16, pp. 631-647, 1993.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:53750", author = "S. Mohd and Y. Mutoh and Y. Otsuka and Y. Miyashita and T. Koike and T. Suzuki", title = "Scatter Analysis of Fatigue Life and Pore Size Data of Die-Cast AM60B Magnesium Alloy", abstract = "Scatter behavior of fatigue life in die-cast AM60B
alloy was investigated. For comparison, those in rolled AM60B alloy
and die-cast A365-T5 aluminum alloy were also studied. Scatter
behavior of pore size was also investigated to discuss dominant
factors for fatigue life scatter in die-cast materials. Three-parameter
Weibull function was suitable to explain the scatter behavior of both
fatigue life and pore size. The scatter of fatigue life in die-cast
AM60B alloy was almost comparable to that in die-cast A365-T5
alloy, while it was significantly large compared to that in the rolled
AM60B alloy. Scatter behavior of pore size observed at fracture
nucleation site on the fracture surface was comparable to that
observed on the specimen cross-section and also to that of fatigue
life. Therefore, the dominant factor for large scatter of fatigue life in
die-cast alloys would be the large scatter of pore size. This
speculation was confirmed by the fracture mechanics fatigue life
prediction, where the pore observed at fatigue crack nucleation site
was assumed as the pre-existing crack.", keywords = "Fatigue life, Pore size, Scatter, Weibull distribution,Die-cast magnesium alloy", volume = "5", number = "9", pages = "767-6", }
