Rheological Properties of Polysulfone-Sepiolite Nanocomposites
Polysulfone (PSU) is a specialty engineering polymer
having various industrial applications. PSU is especially used in
waste water treatment membranes due to its good mechanical
properties, structural and chemical stability. But it is a hydrophobic
material and therefore its surface aim to pollute easily. In order to
resolve this problem and extend the properties of membrane, PSU
surface is rendered hydrophilic by addition of the sepiolite
nanofibers. Sepiolite is one of the natural clays, which is a hydrate
magnesium silicate fiber, also one of the well known layered clays of
the montmorillonites where has several unique channels and pores
within. It has also moisture durability, strength and low price.
Sepiolite channels give great capacity of absorption and good surface
properties. In this study, nanocomposites of commercial PSU and
Sepiolite were prepared by solvent mixing method. Different organic
solvents and their mixtures were used. Rheological characteristics of
PSU-Sepiolite solvent mixtures were analyzed, the solubility of
nanocomposite content in those mixtures were studied.
[1] P. H. C. Camargo, K. G. Satyanarayana and F. Wypych,
“Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and New Application
Opportunities,” Materials Research, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1-39, 2009.
[2] P. Anadão, L. F. Sato, H. Wiebeck, F. R. Valenzuela-Díaz,
“Montmorillonite as a component of polysulfone nanocomposite
membranes,” Applied Clay Science, vol. 48, pp. 127-132, March 2010.
[3] E. Thostenson, C. Li, and T. Chou, “Review Nanocomposites in
Context,” Journal of Composites Science & Technology, vol. 65, pp.
491–516, 2005.
[4] M. Okamoto, “Recent advances in polymer/layered silicate
nanocomposites: an overview from science to technology,” Material
Science and Technology, vol.22, pp. 756-779, Manley, 2006.
[5] J. X. Guo, G. J. Zhang, W. Wu, S. L. Ji, Z. P. Qin, and Z. Z. Liu,
“Dynamically formed inner skin hollow fiber polydimethylsiloxane/
polysulfonecomposite membrane for alcohol permselective
pervaporation,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 158, pp. 558-565,
April 2010.
[6] T. Hanemann, D. V. Szabó, “Polymer-Nanoparticle composites: From
synthesis to modern applications,” Materails, vol. 3, p.3468-3517, May
2010.
[7] D. Schmidt, D. Shah and E. P. Giannelis, “New Advances in
Polymer/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites,” Current Opinion in Solid
State and Materials Science, vol. 6, pp. 205–212, June 2012.
[8] S. R. Suprakas, Clay-Containing Polymer Nanocomposites: From
Fundamentals to Real Applications, Elsevier, 2013, ch. 1-3.
[9] M. A. V. Rodriguez, J. D. L. Gonzalez, and M. A. B. Munoz, “Acid
Activation of a Spanish Sepiolite: Physicochemical Characterization,
Free Silica Content and Surface Area of Products Obtained,” Clay
Minerals, vol. 29, pp. 361-367, 1994.
[10] A. Singer, “Palygorskite and sepiolite,” Soil Mineralogy with
Environmental Applications, Soil Science Society of America, 2012, ch.
18.
[11] M. Z. Yunos, Z. Harun, H. Basri, A. F. Ismail, “Effects of Water as
Non-Solvent Additive on Performance of Polysulfone Ultrafiltration
Membrane,” Advanced Materials Research, vol. 448, pp. 46-50, April
2012.
[12] G. J. Summers, M. P. Ndawuni, C. A. Summers, “Chemical
modification of poly-sulfone: anionic synthesis of dipyridyl
functionalized polysulfone,” Polymer, vol. 42, pp.397–402, May 2001.
[13] H. L. Richards, P. G. L. Baker, E. Iwuoha, “Metal Nanoparticle
Modified Polysulfone Membranes for Use in Wastewater Treatment: A
Critical Review,” Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and
Advanced Technology, vol. 2, pp. 183-193, June 2012.
[14] H. Eslami, M. Grmela, and M. Buismina, “Linear and nonlinear
rheology of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites,” Inc. J. Rheol. vol.
54, pp. 539-562, May 2010.
[15] S. R. Suprakas, “Rheoloy of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites,”
J. Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 12, pp.811-842, Nov. 2006.
[16] J. U. Park, J. L. Kim, D. H. Kim, K. H. Ahn and S. J. Lee, “Rheological
behavior of polymer/layered Silicate nanocomposites under uniaxial
extensional flow,” Macromolecular Research, vol. 14, pp. 318-323,
March 2006.
[1] P. H. C. Camargo, K. G. Satyanarayana and F. Wypych,
“Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and New Application
Opportunities,” Materials Research, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1-39, 2009.
[2] P. Anadão, L. F. Sato, H. Wiebeck, F. R. Valenzuela-Díaz,
“Montmorillonite as a component of polysulfone nanocomposite
membranes,” Applied Clay Science, vol. 48, pp. 127-132, March 2010.
[3] E. Thostenson, C. Li, and T. Chou, “Review Nanocomposites in
Context,” Journal of Composites Science & Technology, vol. 65, pp.
491–516, 2005.
[4] M. Okamoto, “Recent advances in polymer/layered silicate
nanocomposites: an overview from science to technology,” Material
Science and Technology, vol.22, pp. 756-779, Manley, 2006.
[5] J. X. Guo, G. J. Zhang, W. Wu, S. L. Ji, Z. P. Qin, and Z. Z. Liu,
“Dynamically formed inner skin hollow fiber polydimethylsiloxane/
polysulfonecomposite membrane for alcohol permselective
pervaporation,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 158, pp. 558-565,
April 2010.
[6] T. Hanemann, D. V. Szabó, “Polymer-Nanoparticle composites: From
synthesis to modern applications,” Materails, vol. 3, p.3468-3517, May
2010.
[7] D. Schmidt, D. Shah and E. P. Giannelis, “New Advances in
Polymer/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites,” Current Opinion in Solid
State and Materials Science, vol. 6, pp. 205–212, June 2012.
[8] S. R. Suprakas, Clay-Containing Polymer Nanocomposites: From
Fundamentals to Real Applications, Elsevier, 2013, ch. 1-3.
[9] M. A. V. Rodriguez, J. D. L. Gonzalez, and M. A. B. Munoz, “Acid
Activation of a Spanish Sepiolite: Physicochemical Characterization,
Free Silica Content and Surface Area of Products Obtained,” Clay
Minerals, vol. 29, pp. 361-367, 1994.
[10] A. Singer, “Palygorskite and sepiolite,” Soil Mineralogy with
Environmental Applications, Soil Science Society of America, 2012, ch.
18.
[11] M. Z. Yunos, Z. Harun, H. Basri, A. F. Ismail, “Effects of Water as
Non-Solvent Additive on Performance of Polysulfone Ultrafiltration
Membrane,” Advanced Materials Research, vol. 448, pp. 46-50, April
2012.
[12] G. J. Summers, M. P. Ndawuni, C. A. Summers, “Chemical
modification of poly-sulfone: anionic synthesis of dipyridyl
functionalized polysulfone,” Polymer, vol. 42, pp.397–402, May 2001.
[13] H. L. Richards, P. G. L. Baker, E. Iwuoha, “Metal Nanoparticle
Modified Polysulfone Membranes for Use in Wastewater Treatment: A
Critical Review,” Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and
Advanced Technology, vol. 2, pp. 183-193, June 2012.
[14] H. Eslami, M. Grmela, and M. Buismina, “Linear and nonlinear
rheology of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites,” Inc. J. Rheol. vol.
54, pp. 539-562, May 2010.
[15] S. R. Suprakas, “Rheoloy of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites,”
J. Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 12, pp.811-842, Nov. 2006.
[16] J. U. Park, J. L. Kim, D. H. Kim, K. H. Ahn and S. J. Lee, “Rheological
behavior of polymer/layered Silicate nanocomposites under uniaxial
extensional flow,” Macromolecular Research, vol. 14, pp. 318-323,
March 2006.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:69086", author = "Nilay Tanrıver and Birgül Benli and Nilgün Kızılcan", title = "Rheological Properties of Polysulfone-Sepiolite Nanocomposites", abstract = "Polysulfone (PSU) is a specialty engineering polymer
having various industrial applications. PSU is especially used in
waste water treatment membranes due to its good mechanical
properties, structural and chemical stability. But it is a hydrophobic
material and therefore its surface aim to pollute easily. In order to
resolve this problem and extend the properties of membrane, PSU
surface is rendered hydrophilic by addition of the sepiolite
nanofibers. Sepiolite is one of the natural clays, which is a hydrate
magnesium silicate fiber, also one of the well known layered clays of
the montmorillonites where has several unique channels and pores
within. It has also moisture durability, strength and low price.
Sepiolite channels give great capacity of absorption and good surface
properties. In this study, nanocomposites of commercial PSU and
Sepiolite were prepared by solvent mixing method. Different organic
solvents and their mixtures were used. Rheological characteristics of
PSU-Sepiolite solvent mixtures were analyzed, the solubility of
nanocomposite content in those mixtures were studied.
", keywords = "Nanocomposite, polysulfone, rheology, sepiolite,
solution mixing.", volume = "9", number = "2", pages = "328-5", }
