Redundancy in Steel Frames with Masonry Infill Walls
Structural redundancy is an interesting point in
seismic design of structures. Initially, the structural redundancy is
described as indeterminate degree of a system. Although many definitions are presented for redundancy in structures, recently the
definition of structural redundancy has been related to the configuration of structural system and the number of lateral load
transferring directions in the structure. The steel frames with infill walls are general systems in the constructing of usual residential buildings in some countries. It is
obviously declared that the performance of structures will be affected by adding masonry infill walls. In order to investigate the effect of
infill walls on the redundancy of the steel frame which constructed
with masonry walls, the components of redundancy including redundancy variation index, redundancy strength index and
redundancy response modification factor were extracted for the
frames with masonry infills. Several steel frames with typical storey number and various numbers of bays were designed and considered.
The redundancy of frames with and without infill walls was evaluated by proposed method. The results showed the presence of infill causes increase of redundancy.
[1] FEMA356, Prestandard and Commentary for Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2000.
[2] UBC 97, Uniform Building Code, California, U.S.A, 1997.
[3] NERPH, Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for new
Buildings and other structures, Building Seismic Safety Council,
FEMA Publication 222A Washington DC, 1997.
[4] Applied Technology Council (ATC), "Structural response modification
factor," Rep., No. ATC-19, Redwood city, Calif., 1995.
[5] Applied Technology Council (ATC), "Seismic evaluation and retrofit of
concrete buildings," Rep., No. ATC-40, Redwood city, Calif., 1996.
[6] H. Furtura, M. Shinozukia, and Y. N. Chenn,. "Probabilistic fuzzy
representation of redundancy in structural system," in Proc. Int. Fuzzy
System Associated Congr., PLama Mallorca, Spain. 1985.
[7] R. D. Bertero, and V. V. Bertero, "Redundancy in earthquake-resistant
design," J. Struc. Eng., No. 1, Vol. 125, pp. 81-88, 1999.
[8] C. H. Wang and Y. K. Wen, "Evaluation of pre-Northridge low rise steel
buildings. II: Reliability, J. Struc. Eng., No. 10, Vol. 126, pp. 1169-
1176, 2000.
[9] M. Husain, and P. Tsopelas, "Measure of structural redundancy in R/C
building. I: Redundancy indices." J. Struc. Eng., No. 11, Vol. 130, pp.
1651-1658, 2004.
[10] H. Gaffarzadeh, L. Keyvani, and M. Rahmani, "Seismic demand of RC
frames with masonry infill walls," in Proc. of the 8th In. Congr. on Civil
Eng., Shiraz, Iran, 2009.
[11] P. T. Christensen and M. Baker, Structural reliability theory and its
applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
[12] Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistance Design of Buildings,
Standard No. 2800, 3rd edition, BHRC publication No. S-253, 2005.
[1] FEMA356, Prestandard and Commentary for Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2000.
[2] UBC 97, Uniform Building Code, California, U.S.A, 1997.
[3] NERPH, Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for new
Buildings and other structures, Building Seismic Safety Council,
FEMA Publication 222A Washington DC, 1997.
[4] Applied Technology Council (ATC), "Structural response modification
factor," Rep., No. ATC-19, Redwood city, Calif., 1995.
[5] Applied Technology Council (ATC), "Seismic evaluation and retrofit of
concrete buildings," Rep., No. ATC-40, Redwood city, Calif., 1996.
[6] H. Furtura, M. Shinozukia, and Y. N. Chenn,. "Probabilistic fuzzy
representation of redundancy in structural system," in Proc. Int. Fuzzy
System Associated Congr., PLama Mallorca, Spain. 1985.
[7] R. D. Bertero, and V. V. Bertero, "Redundancy in earthquake-resistant
design," J. Struc. Eng., No. 1, Vol. 125, pp. 81-88, 1999.
[8] C. H. Wang and Y. K. Wen, "Evaluation of pre-Northridge low rise steel
buildings. II: Reliability, J. Struc. Eng., No. 10, Vol. 126, pp. 1169-
1176, 2000.
[9] M. Husain, and P. Tsopelas, "Measure of structural redundancy in R/C
building. I: Redundancy indices." J. Struc. Eng., No. 11, Vol. 130, pp.
1651-1658, 2004.
[10] H. Gaffarzadeh, L. Keyvani, and M. Rahmani, "Seismic demand of RC
frames with masonry infill walls," in Proc. of the 8th In. Congr. on Civil
Eng., Shiraz, Iran, 2009.
[11] P. T. Christensen and M. Baker, Structural reliability theory and its
applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
[12] Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistance Design of Buildings,
Standard No. 2800, 3rd edition, BHRC publication No. S-253, 2005.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:55043", author = "Hosein Ghaffarzadeh and Robab Naseri Ghalghachi", title = "Redundancy in Steel Frames with Masonry Infill Walls", abstract = "Structural redundancy is an interesting point in
seismic design of structures. Initially, the structural redundancy is
described as indeterminate degree of a system. Although many definitions are presented for redundancy in structures, recently the
definition of structural redundancy has been related to the configuration of structural system and the number of lateral load
transferring directions in the structure. The steel frames with infill walls are general systems in the constructing of usual residential buildings in some countries. It is
obviously declared that the performance of structures will be affected by adding masonry infill walls. In order to investigate the effect of
infill walls on the redundancy of the steel frame which constructed
with masonry walls, the components of redundancy including redundancy variation index, redundancy strength index and
redundancy response modification factor were extracted for the
frames with masonry infills. Several steel frames with typical storey number and various numbers of bays were designed and considered.
The redundancy of frames with and without infill walls was evaluated by proposed method. The results showed the presence of infill causes increase of redundancy.", keywords = "Structural redundancy, Masonry infill walls frames.", volume = "3", number = "10", pages = "394-7", }