Numerical Analysis of Flow through Abrasive Water Suspension Jet: The Effect of Garnet, Aluminum Oxide and Silicon Carbide Abrasive on Skin Friction Coefficient Due To Wall Shear and Jet Exit Kinetic Energy

It is well known that the abrasive particles in the abrasive water suspension has significant effect on the erosion characteristics of the inside surface of the nozzle. Abrasive particles moving with the flow cause severe skin friction effect, there by altering the nozzle diameter due to wear which in turn reflects on the life of the nozzle for effective machining. Various commercial abrasives are available for abrasive water jet machining. The erosion characteristic of each abrasive is different. In consideration of this aspect, in the present work, the effect of abrasive materials namely garnet, aluminum oxide and silicon carbide on skin friction coefficient due to wall shear stress and jet kinetic energy has been analyzed. It is found that the abrasive material of lower density produces a relatively higher skin friction effect and higher jet exit kinetic energy.

Authors:

• Deepak D
• Anjaiah D
• Yagnesh Sharma N.

Keywords:

• Abrasive water suspension jet
• Skin friction coefficient
• Jet kinetic energy
• Particulate loading
• Stokes number.

References:

[1] M.Hashish, "Observations of Wear of Abrasive Waterjet Nozzle
Materials", Journal of Tribology, Vol-116, 1994, pp. 439-444
[2] Janet Folkes, "Waterjet - an innovative tool for manufacturing", Journal
of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 209, Issue-20, 2009, pp.
6181-6189.
[3] T. Nguyen, D.K. Shanmugam and J. Wang, "Effect of liquid properties
on the stability of an abrasive waterjet", International Journal of
Machine Tools and Manufacture, Volume 48, Issue 10, pp 1138-1147,
2008.
[4] Amar Patnaik, Alok Satapath, Navin Chand, N.M. Barkoula and
Sandhyarani Biswas, "Solid particle erosion wear characteristics of fiber
and particulate filled polymer composites: A review", Wear ,Vol - 268,
Issues 1-2, PP. 249-263, 2010 .
[5] D.Anjaiah and A.M.Chincholkar, "Cutting of glass using low pressure
abrasive water suspension jet with the addition of zycoprint polymer", in
Proc. of 19th International Conference on Water Jetting, BHR Group,
UK, 2008, pp.105-119.
[6] Madhusarathi Nanduri, David G. Taggart , Thomas J. Kim, "The effects
of system and geometric parameters on abrasive water jet nozzle wear",
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol - 42, pp.
615 - 623, 2002.
[7] G. Hu, W. Zhu, T. Yu, and J. Yuan, "Numerical simulation and
experimental study of liquid-solid two-phase flow in nozzle of DIA jet",
Proceedings of the IEEE International conference industrial informatics
(INDIN 2008), Daejeon, Korea, July 13-16th 2008.
[8] Deepak. D, Anjaiah D and Yagnesh Sharma, "Numerical analysis of
flow through abrasive water suspension jet: the effect of abrasive grain
size and jet diameter ratio on wall shear", International Journal of Earth
Sciences and Engineering, Vol. 04, no 04 spl, pp. 78-83, ISSN 0974-
5904
[9] A.C. Phase and C. Equation, "Numerical simulation on flow field of premixed
abrasive water jet nozzle", IEEE-2008 Asia Simulation
Conference-7th Intl. Conf. on Sys. Simulation and Scientific Computing,
2008, pp. 247-251.
[10] Z. Shangxian, L. Yan, W. Quan, B. Discretization, and G. Space, "Track
calculation and numerical simulation on particles in high pressure
abrasive water jet nozzle", IEEE International Conference on Measuring
Technology and Mechatronics Automation 2010, pp. 1039-1042.
[11] B.K.Gandhi, "Study of the parametric dependence of erosion wear for
the parallel flow of solid -liquid mixtures", Tribology International,
vol.32, 1999, pp.275-282.
[12] G. Fowler, I.R. Pashby, and P.H. Shipway, "The effect of particle
hardness and shape when abrasive water jet milling titanium alloy
Ti6Al4V", Materials Science, vol - 266, pp. 613-620, 2009.
[13] G.J. Brown, "Erosion prediction in slurry pipeline tee-junctions", applied
mathematical modeling", vol. 26, 2002, pp.155-170.
[14] L.J.Graham, D. Lester, and J. Wu, "Slurry erosion in complex flows:
experiment and CFD", Seventh International Conference on CFD in the
Minerals and Process Industries, CSIR, Melbourne, Australia, 2009,
pp.1-6.
[15] Fluent user-s guide, Volume I to IV.
[16] Patankar S.V. and D.B. Spalding, "A calculation procedure for heat,
mass and momentum transfer in three-dimensional parabolic flows",
International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer, 1972, vol. 15, pp. 1787-
1796.
[17] U. Anand and J. Katz, "Prevention of Nozzle Wear in Abrasive Water
Suspension Jets (AWSJ) Using Porous Lubricated Nozzles", Journal of
Tribology, vol. 125, 2003, p. 168.
[18] B. Mann, "Particle erosionÔÇöa new concept of flow visualization and
boundary layer investigations of rotating machines at high Reynolds
numbers", Wear, vol. 223, 1998, pp. 110-118.
[19] E. Ness, "Abrasion and erosion of hard materials related to wear in the
abrasive waterjet", Wear, vol. 196, 1996, pp. 120-125.
[20] V.N. Pi and N.Q. Tuan, "A Study on Nozzle Wear Modeling in Abrasive
Waterjet Cutting", Advanced Materials Research, vol. 76-78, 2009, pp.
345-350.
[21] T. Mabrouki, K. Raissi, and A. Cornier, "Numerical simulation and
experimental study of the interaction between a pure high-velocity
waterjet and targets: contribution to investigate the decoating process",
Evolution, 2000, pp. 260-273.
[22] Ling J., Skudarnov, P. V., Lin, C. X., & Ebadian, M. A., "Numerical
investigations of liquid- solid slurry flows in a fully developed turbulent
flow region", International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, vol- 24,
2003, pp 389-398.
[23] Deepak D, Anjaiah D, Vasudeva Karanth K. & N. Yagnesh Sharma,
"CFD Simulation of Flow in an Abrasive Water Suspension Jet: The
Effect of Inlet Operating Pressure and Volume Fraction on Skin Friction
and Exit Kinetic Energy", Advances in Mechanical Engineering, Vol
2012, doi:10.1155/2012/186430.