Multipurpose Three Dimensional Finite Element Procedure for Thermal Analysis in Pulsed Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of AZ 31B Magnesium Alloy Sheets
This paper presents the results of a study aimed at
establishing the temperature distribution during the welding of
magnesium alloy sheets by Pulsed Current Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding (PCGTAW) and Constant Current Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding (CCGTAW) processes. Pulsing of the GTAW welding
current influences the dimensions and solidification rate of the fused
zone, it also reduces the weld pool volume hence a narrower bead. In
this investigation, the base material considered was 2mm thin AZ 31
B magnesium alloy, which is finding use in aircraft, automobile and
high-speed train components. A finite element analysis was carried
out using ANSYS, and the results of the FEA were compared with
the experimental results. It is evident from this study that the finite
element analysis using ANSYS can be effectively used to model
PCGTAW process for finding temperature distribution.
[1] T.Senthil Kumar, V.Balasubramanian, and M.Y.Sanavullah, - Influences
of pulsed current tungsten inert gas welding parameters on tensile
properties of AA6061 aluminium alloy, Journal of Materials & Design ,
2007; Vol.28, No.2; 2080-2092.
[2] T.Senthil Kumar, V.Balasubramanian, S.Babu and M.Y.Sanavullah, -
Effect of pulsed current GTA welding parameters on the fusion zone
microstructure of AA6061 aluminum alloy, Metals and Materials
International, 2007; Vol.13, No.4; 345-351.
[3] Kou S and Y.Le - Nucleation mechanism and grain refining of weld metal,
Welding Journal, 1986; Vol 65; 305s - 313s.
[4] Madhusudhan Reddy G, Gokhale A.A and Prasad Rao K - Optimization of
pulse frequency in pulsedcurrent gas tungsten arc welding of aluminium -
lithium alloy sheets, Journal of Material Science &Technology, 1998;
Vol. 14; 61-66
[5] Potluri N.B, Ghosh P.K, Gupta P.C and Reddy Y.S - Studies on weld metal
characteristics and their influences on tensile and fatigue properties of
pulsed current GMA welded Al-Zn-Mg alloy, Welding Research
Supplement, 1996; Vol 75; 62s-70s.
[6] John Goldak. Aditya Chakravarthi and Malcolm Bibby - A New Finite
Element Model for Welding Heat Sources, Metallurgical Transactions B
1984; Vol 15B; 299.
[7] V. Pavelic, R. Tanbakuchi, O. A. Uyehara, and P. S. Myers: -
Experimental and Computed Temperature Histories in Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding of Thin Plates, Welding Journal Research Supplement, 1969;
Vol. 48; 295s-305s.
[8] R.T.C. Choo, J. Szekely, R.C. Westhoff, On the calculation of the free
surface temperature of gas-tungsten-arc weld pools from first principles:
Part I. Modeling the welding arc, Metallurgical Transactions B. 1992;
Vol23; 357-369.
[9] John Goldak. Malcolm Bibby, J. Moore, R. House, and B. Patel, Computer
Modeling of heat flow in welds: Metallurgical Transactions B, 1986; Vol
17B; 587-600
[10] X. Shan , C.M. Davies , T. Wangsdan , N.P. O-Dowd, K.M. Nikbin,
Thermo-mechanical modelling of a single-bead-on-plate weld using the
finite element method International, Journal of Pressure Vessels and
Piping, 2009; Vol 86; 110-121
[11] Afzaal M. Malik , Ejaz M. Qureshi , Naeem Ullah Dar , Iqbal Khan
Analysis of circumferentially arc welded thin-walled cylinders to
investigatethe residual stress fields Thin-Walled Structures, 2008; Vol 46;
1391- 1401
[12] Sadek C, Absi Alfaro, K S Chawla & John Norrish - Computer Based
Data Acquisition for welding research and production, Journal of
Materials Processing Technology, 1995; Vol 53; 1-13
[13] Peter R.N. Childs "Practical Temperature Measurements" Elsevier
Publications. 1998
[14] M. Sunar , B.S. Yilbas , K. Boran - Thermal and stress analysis of a sheet
metal in welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006; Vol
172; 123-129.
[15] C.V. Goncalves, L.O. Vilarinho, A. Scotti, G. Guimaraes Estimation of
heat source and thermal efficiency in GTAW process by using inverse
techniques Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2006; Vol 172;
42-51.
[16] Lu, M., Kou, S., Power and current distribution in Gas Tungsten Arcs.
Welding Journal, 1988; Vol 67(2); 29s-33s.
[17] Paul Scott, "Selecting a welding frequency" article at
http://www.thermatool.com/.
[18] W.-H. Kim, S.-J. Na - Heat and fluid flow in pulsed current GTA weld
pool, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 1998; Vol 41;
3213-3227
[19] Anuj Chaudhri, Masood Parang , B.E. Nelson Computer simulation and
experimental verification of welding in thin steel sheet containment,
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2007; Vol 50; 4439-
4445.
[20] Mohandas T and Madhusudhana Reddy G Effect of frequency of pulsing
in gas tungsten arc welding on the microstructure and mechanical
properties of titanium alloy welds, Jl. of Mater SciLetters, 1996; Vol. 15;
626-628.
[21] H.G. Fan, Y.W. Shi , S.J. Na - Numerical analysis of the arc in pulsed
current gas tungsten arc welding using a boundary-fitted coordinate,
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 1997; Vol 72; 437-445.
[22] V.Ravisankar and V.Balasubramanian, Optimising the pulsed TIG
welding parameters to refine the fusion zone, Science and Technology of
Welding & Joining, 2006; Vol.11, No.6; 112-116
[1] T.Senthil Kumar, V.Balasubramanian, and M.Y.Sanavullah, - Influences
of pulsed current tungsten inert gas welding parameters on tensile
properties of AA6061 aluminium alloy, Journal of Materials & Design ,
2007; Vol.28, No.2; 2080-2092.
[2] T.Senthil Kumar, V.Balasubramanian, S.Babu and M.Y.Sanavullah, -
Effect of pulsed current GTA welding parameters on the fusion zone
microstructure of AA6061 aluminum alloy, Metals and Materials
International, 2007; Vol.13, No.4; 345-351.
[3] Kou S and Y.Le - Nucleation mechanism and grain refining of weld metal,
Welding Journal, 1986; Vol 65; 305s - 313s.
[4] Madhusudhan Reddy G, Gokhale A.A and Prasad Rao K - Optimization of
pulse frequency in pulsedcurrent gas tungsten arc welding of aluminium -
lithium alloy sheets, Journal of Material Science &Technology, 1998;
Vol. 14; 61-66
[5] Potluri N.B, Ghosh P.K, Gupta P.C and Reddy Y.S - Studies on weld metal
characteristics and their influences on tensile and fatigue properties of
pulsed current GMA welded Al-Zn-Mg alloy, Welding Research
Supplement, 1996; Vol 75; 62s-70s.
[6] John Goldak. Aditya Chakravarthi and Malcolm Bibby - A New Finite
Element Model for Welding Heat Sources, Metallurgical Transactions B
1984; Vol 15B; 299.
[7] V. Pavelic, R. Tanbakuchi, O. A. Uyehara, and P. S. Myers: -
Experimental and Computed Temperature Histories in Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding of Thin Plates, Welding Journal Research Supplement, 1969;
Vol. 48; 295s-305s.
[8] R.T.C. Choo, J. Szekely, R.C. Westhoff, On the calculation of the free
surface temperature of gas-tungsten-arc weld pools from first principles:
Part I. Modeling the welding arc, Metallurgical Transactions B. 1992;
Vol23; 357-369.
[9] John Goldak. Malcolm Bibby, J. Moore, R. House, and B. Patel, Computer
Modeling of heat flow in welds: Metallurgical Transactions B, 1986; Vol
17B; 587-600
[10] X. Shan , C.M. Davies , T. Wangsdan , N.P. O-Dowd, K.M. Nikbin,
Thermo-mechanical modelling of a single-bead-on-plate weld using the
finite element method International, Journal of Pressure Vessels and
Piping, 2009; Vol 86; 110-121
[11] Afzaal M. Malik , Ejaz M. Qureshi , Naeem Ullah Dar , Iqbal Khan
Analysis of circumferentially arc welded thin-walled cylinders to
investigatethe residual stress fields Thin-Walled Structures, 2008; Vol 46;
1391- 1401
[12] Sadek C, Absi Alfaro, K S Chawla & John Norrish - Computer Based
Data Acquisition for welding research and production, Journal of
Materials Processing Technology, 1995; Vol 53; 1-13
[13] Peter R.N. Childs "Practical Temperature Measurements" Elsevier
Publications. 1998
[14] M. Sunar , B.S. Yilbas , K. Boran - Thermal and stress analysis of a sheet
metal in welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006; Vol
172; 123-129.
[15] C.V. Goncalves, L.O. Vilarinho, A. Scotti, G. Guimaraes Estimation of
heat source and thermal efficiency in GTAW process by using inverse
techniques Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2006; Vol 172;
42-51.
[16] Lu, M., Kou, S., Power and current distribution in Gas Tungsten Arcs.
Welding Journal, 1988; Vol 67(2); 29s-33s.
[17] Paul Scott, "Selecting a welding frequency" article at
http://www.thermatool.com/.
[18] W.-H. Kim, S.-J. Na - Heat and fluid flow in pulsed current GTA weld
pool, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 1998; Vol 41;
3213-3227
[19] Anuj Chaudhri, Masood Parang , B.E. Nelson Computer simulation and
experimental verification of welding in thin steel sheet containment,
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2007; Vol 50; 4439-
4445.
[20] Mohandas T and Madhusudhana Reddy G Effect of frequency of pulsing
in gas tungsten arc welding on the microstructure and mechanical
properties of titanium alloy welds, Jl. of Mater SciLetters, 1996; Vol. 15;
626-628.
[21] H.G. Fan, Y.W. Shi , S.J. Na - Numerical analysis of the arc in pulsed
current gas tungsten arc welding using a boundary-fitted coordinate,
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 1997; Vol 72; 437-445.
[22] V.Ravisankar and V.Balasubramanian, Optimising the pulsed TIG
welding parameters to refine the fusion zone, Science and Technology of
Welding & Joining, 2006; Vol.11, No.6; 112-116
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:49512", author = "N.Karunakaran and V.Balasubramanian", title = "Multipurpose Three Dimensional Finite Element Procedure for Thermal Analysis in Pulsed Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of AZ 31B Magnesium Alloy Sheets", abstract = "This paper presents the results of a study aimed at
establishing the temperature distribution during the welding of
magnesium alloy sheets by Pulsed Current Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding (PCGTAW) and Constant Current Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding (CCGTAW) processes. Pulsing of the GTAW welding
current influences the dimensions and solidification rate of the fused
zone, it also reduces the weld pool volume hence a narrower bead. In
this investigation, the base material considered was 2mm thin AZ 31
B magnesium alloy, which is finding use in aircraft, automobile and
high-speed train components. A finite element analysis was carried
out using ANSYS, and the results of the FEA were compared with
the experimental results. It is evident from this study that the finite
element analysis using ANSYS can be effectively used to model
PCGTAW process for finding temperature distribution.", keywords = "gas tungsten arc welding, pulsed current, finiteelement analysis, thermal analysis, magnesium alloy.", volume = "5", number = "3", pages = "523-8", }
