Microbial Leaching Process to Recover Valuable Metals from Spent Petroleum Catalyst Using Iron Oxidizing Bacteria
Spent petroleum catalyst from Korean petrochemical
industry contains trace amount of metals such as Ni, V and Mo.
Therefore an attempt was made to recover those trace metal using
bioleaching process. Different leaching parameters such as Fe(II)
concentration, pulp density, pH, temperature and particle size of
spent catalyst particle were studied to evaluate their effects on the
leaching efficiency. All the three metal ions like Ni, V and Mo
followed dual kinetics, i.e., initial faster followed by slower rate. The
percentage of leaching efficiency of Ni and V were higher than Mo.
The leaching process followed a diffusion controlled model and the
product layer was observed to be impervious due to formation of
ammonium jarosite (NH4)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6. In addition, the lower
leaching efficiency of Mo was observed due to a hydrophobic coating
of elemental sulfur over Mo matrix in the spent catalyst.
[1] Marafi M., Stanislaus A. Spent catalyst waste management: A review
Part-I-Developments in hydroprocessing catalyst waste reduction and
use. Res. Cons. Rec. 52:859-873(2008).
[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Hazardous
waste management system. Federal Register 68(202), 55935-5994(2003).
[3] Medvedev A.S., Malochkina N.V. Sublimation of molybdenum trioxide
from exhausted catalyst employed for the purification of oil products.
Rus. J. Non-ferrous Met. 48:114-117(2007).
[4] Gaballah I., Diona M. Valuable metals recovery from spent catalyst by
selective chlorination. Res. Cons. Rec. 10:87-96(1994).
[5] Parkinson G., Isho S. Recyclers try new ways to process spent catalyst.
Chem. Eng. 94:25-31(1987).
[6] Park K.H., Mohapatra D., Nam C.W. Two stage leaching of activated
spent HDS catalyst and solvent extraction of Al using organo-phosphinic
extractant, Cyanex-272. J. Haz. Mat. 148:287-295(2007).
[7] Kar B.B., Datta P., Misra V.N. Spent catalyst: Secondary source for Mo
recovery. Hydromet. 72:87-92(2004).
[8] Lee F.M., Knudse R.D., Kidd D.R. Reforming catalyst made from the
metals recovered from spent atmospheric residue desulphurization
catalyst. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 31:487-490(1992).
[9] Siemens R.E., Jong B.W., Russel J.H. Potential of spent catalyst as a
source of critical metals. Cons. Rec. 9:189-196(1986).
[10] Pradhan D., Mishra D., Kim D.J., Roychaudhury G., Lee S.W.
Dissolution kinetics of spent petroleum catalyst using two different
acidophiles. Hydromet. 99:157-162(2009).
[11] Pradhan D., Mishra D., Kim D.J., Ahn J.G., Roychaudhury G., Lee
S.W. Bioleaching kinetics and multivariate analysis of spent petroleum
catalyst dissolution using two acidophiles. J. Haz. Mat. (in press).
[12] Aung K.M.M., Ting Y.P. Bioleaching of spent fluid catalytic cracking
catalyst using Aspergillus niger. Journal of Biotechnology 116: 59-
170(2005).
[13] Bosio V., Viera M., Donati E. Integrated bacterial process for the
treatment of a spent nickel catalyst. Journal of Hazardous Materials
154:804-810(2008).
[14] Silverman M.P., Lundgren D.G. Studies on the chemoautotrophic iron
bacterium Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans. I. An improved medium and
harvesting procedure for securing high cell yields. J. Bacteriol.
77:642-647(1959).
[15] Olson G.J., Clark T.R. Bioleaching of molybdenite. Hydromet. 93:10-
15(2008).
[16] Boon M., Snijder M., Hansford G.S., Heijnen J.J. The oxidation
kinetics of ZnS with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Hydromet. 48:171-
186(1998).
[17] Das T., Ayyappan S., RoyChaudhury G.. Factors affecting bioleaching
kinetics of sulfide ores using acidophilic microorganisms. Biomet.
12:1-10(1999).
[18] Sohn H.Y., Wadsworth M.E. Rate process of extractive metallurgy,
Plenum Press, New York, 1979.
[1] Marafi M., Stanislaus A. Spent catalyst waste management: A review
Part-I-Developments in hydroprocessing catalyst waste reduction and
use. Res. Cons. Rec. 52:859-873(2008).
[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Hazardous
waste management system. Federal Register 68(202), 55935-5994(2003).
[3] Medvedev A.S., Malochkina N.V. Sublimation of molybdenum trioxide
from exhausted catalyst employed for the purification of oil products.
Rus. J. Non-ferrous Met. 48:114-117(2007).
[4] Gaballah I., Diona M. Valuable metals recovery from spent catalyst by
selective chlorination. Res. Cons. Rec. 10:87-96(1994).
[5] Parkinson G., Isho S. Recyclers try new ways to process spent catalyst.
Chem. Eng. 94:25-31(1987).
[6] Park K.H., Mohapatra D., Nam C.W. Two stage leaching of activated
spent HDS catalyst and solvent extraction of Al using organo-phosphinic
extractant, Cyanex-272. J. Haz. Mat. 148:287-295(2007).
[7] Kar B.B., Datta P., Misra V.N. Spent catalyst: Secondary source for Mo
recovery. Hydromet. 72:87-92(2004).
[8] Lee F.M., Knudse R.D., Kidd D.R. Reforming catalyst made from the
metals recovered from spent atmospheric residue desulphurization
catalyst. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 31:487-490(1992).
[9] Siemens R.E., Jong B.W., Russel J.H. Potential of spent catalyst as a
source of critical metals. Cons. Rec. 9:189-196(1986).
[10] Pradhan D., Mishra D., Kim D.J., Roychaudhury G., Lee S.W.
Dissolution kinetics of spent petroleum catalyst using two different
acidophiles. Hydromet. 99:157-162(2009).
[11] Pradhan D., Mishra D., Kim D.J., Ahn J.G., Roychaudhury G., Lee
S.W. Bioleaching kinetics and multivariate analysis of spent petroleum
catalyst dissolution using two acidophiles. J. Haz. Mat. (in press).
[12] Aung K.M.M., Ting Y.P. Bioleaching of spent fluid catalytic cracking
catalyst using Aspergillus niger. Journal of Biotechnology 116: 59-
170(2005).
[13] Bosio V., Viera M., Donati E. Integrated bacterial process for the
treatment of a spent nickel catalyst. Journal of Hazardous Materials
154:804-810(2008).
[14] Silverman M.P., Lundgren D.G. Studies on the chemoautotrophic iron
bacterium Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans. I. An improved medium and
harvesting procedure for securing high cell yields. J. Bacteriol.
77:642-647(1959).
[15] Olson G.J., Clark T.R. Bioleaching of molybdenite. Hydromet. 93:10-
15(2008).
[16] Boon M., Snijder M., Hansford G.S., Heijnen J.J. The oxidation
kinetics of ZnS with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. Hydromet. 48:171-
186(1998).
[17] Das T., Ayyappan S., RoyChaudhury G.. Factors affecting bioleaching
kinetics of sulfide ores using acidophilic microorganisms. Biomet.
12:1-10(1999).
[18] Sohn H.Y., Wadsworth M.E. Rate process of extractive metallurgy,
Plenum Press, New York, 1979.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:50095", author = "Debabrata Pradhan and Dong J. Kim and Jong G. Ahn and Seoung W. Lee", title = "Microbial Leaching Process to Recover Valuable Metals from Spent Petroleum Catalyst Using Iron Oxidizing Bacteria", abstract = "Spent petroleum catalyst from Korean petrochemical
industry contains trace amount of metals such as Ni, V and Mo.
Therefore an attempt was made to recover those trace metal using
bioleaching process. Different leaching parameters such as Fe(II)
concentration, pulp density, pH, temperature and particle size of
spent catalyst particle were studied to evaluate their effects on the
leaching efficiency. All the three metal ions like Ni, V and Mo
followed dual kinetics, i.e., initial faster followed by slower rate. The
percentage of leaching efficiency of Ni and V were higher than Mo.
The leaching process followed a diffusion controlled model and the
product layer was observed to be impervious due to formation of
ammonium jarosite (NH4)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6. In addition, the lower
leaching efficiency of Mo was observed due to a hydrophobic coating
of elemental sulfur over Mo matrix in the spent catalyst.", keywords = "Bioleaching, diffusion control, shrinking core, spentpetroleum catalyst.", volume = "4", number = "2", pages = "161-5", }
