Image Adaptive Watermarking with Visual Model in Orthogonal Polynomials based Transformation Domain
In this paper, an image adaptive, invisible digital
watermarking algorithm with Orthogonal Polynomials based
Transformation (OPT) is proposed, for copyright protection of digital
images. The proposed algorithm utilizes a visual model to determine
the watermarking strength necessary to invisibly embed the
watermark in the mid frequency AC coefficients of the cover image,
chosen with a secret key. The visual model is designed to generate a
Just Noticeable Distortion mask (JND) by analyzing the low level
image characteristics such as textures, edges and luminance of the
cover image in the orthogonal polynomials based transformation
domain. Since the secret key is required for both embedding and
extraction of watermark, it is not possible for an unauthorized user to
extract the embedded watermark. The proposed scheme is robust to
common image processing distortions like filtering, JPEG
compression and additive noise. Experimental results show that the
quality of OPT domain watermarked images is better than its DCT
counterpart.
[1] Mitchell D. Swanson, Mei Kobayashi and Ahmed H. Tewfik,
"Multimedia Data-Embedding and Watermarking Technologies",
Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 6, pp. 1064-1087, 1998.
[2] Christen Rey and Jean-Luc Dugelay, "A Survey of Watermarking
Algorithms for Image Authentication," EURASIP Journal on Applied
Signal Processing, Vol. 6, pp. 613-621, 2002.
[3] Wang Gang and Rao Ni-ni, "A fragile watermarking scheme for Medical
Image", Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and
Biology 27th Annual Conference, China, pp. 3406-3409, 2005.
[4] Dipti Prasad Mukherjee, Subhamoy Maitra, and Scott T. Acton, "Spatial
Domain Digital Watermarking of Multimedia Objects for Buyer
Authentication", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp.
1-19, 2004.
[5] R.B. Wolfgang, C.I. Podilchuk and E.J. Delp, "Perceptual Watermarks
for Digital Images and Video," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 87, No. 7,
pp. 1108-1126, 1999.
[6] S. Kay and E. Izquierdo, "Robust content based image watermarking,"
Proceedings of the Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia
Interactive Services, WIAMIS-2001, Tampere, Finland, 2001.
[7] Xia-mu Niu, Zhe-ming and Sheng-ho Sun, "Digital watermarking of
still images with Gray-level digital watermarks," IEEE Transactions on
Consumer Electronics, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 137-145, 2000.
[8] Peter H.W. Wong, Oscar C. Au and Y.M. Yeung, "A Novel Blind
Multiple Watermarking Technique for Images," IEEE Trans. on Circuits
and Systems for VideoTechnology, Vol. 13, No. 8, pp. 813-830, 2003.
[9] Ping Dong, Jovan G. Brankov, Nikolas P. Galatsanos, Yongyi Yang and
Frank Davoine, "Digital Watermarking Robust to Geometric
Distortions," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 14, No. 12,
pp. 2140-2149, 2005.
[10] Christine I. Podilchuk and Wenjun zeng, " Image-Adaptive
Watermarking Using Visual models," IEEE Journal on Selected areas in
communications, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 525-539, 1998.
[11] Ko-Ming Chan and Lon-Wen Chang, " A Novel Public Watermarking
System based on Advanced Encryption System," Proceedings of the 18th
International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and
Application, IEEE Computer Society (AINA'04), 2004.
[12] Wei Z. H., Qin P. and Fu Y. Q., "Perceptual digital watermark of image
using wavelet transform", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,
Vol. 44, No. 4, 1267-1272, 1998
[13] Ching-Yung Lin, Min Wu, J. Bloom, Ingemar J. Cox, Matt L.Miller and
Yui Man Lui, "Rotation, Scale and Translation Resilient Watermarking
for Images," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 10, No. 5,
pp.767-782, 2001.
[1] Mitchell D. Swanson, Mei Kobayashi and Ahmed H. Tewfik,
"Multimedia Data-Embedding and Watermarking Technologies",
Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 6, pp. 1064-1087, 1998.
[2] Christen Rey and Jean-Luc Dugelay, "A Survey of Watermarking
Algorithms for Image Authentication," EURASIP Journal on Applied
Signal Processing, Vol. 6, pp. 613-621, 2002.
[3] Wang Gang and Rao Ni-ni, "A fragile watermarking scheme for Medical
Image", Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and
Biology 27th Annual Conference, China, pp. 3406-3409, 2005.
[4] Dipti Prasad Mukherjee, Subhamoy Maitra, and Scott T. Acton, "Spatial
Domain Digital Watermarking of Multimedia Objects for Buyer
Authentication", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp.
1-19, 2004.
[5] R.B. Wolfgang, C.I. Podilchuk and E.J. Delp, "Perceptual Watermarks
for Digital Images and Video," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 87, No. 7,
pp. 1108-1126, 1999.
[6] S. Kay and E. Izquierdo, "Robust content based image watermarking,"
Proceedings of the Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia
Interactive Services, WIAMIS-2001, Tampere, Finland, 2001.
[7] Xia-mu Niu, Zhe-ming and Sheng-ho Sun, "Digital watermarking of
still images with Gray-level digital watermarks," IEEE Transactions on
Consumer Electronics, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 137-145, 2000.
[8] Peter H.W. Wong, Oscar C. Au and Y.M. Yeung, "A Novel Blind
Multiple Watermarking Technique for Images," IEEE Trans. on Circuits
and Systems for VideoTechnology, Vol. 13, No. 8, pp. 813-830, 2003.
[9] Ping Dong, Jovan G. Brankov, Nikolas P. Galatsanos, Yongyi Yang and
Frank Davoine, "Digital Watermarking Robust to Geometric
Distortions," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 14, No. 12,
pp. 2140-2149, 2005.
[10] Christine I. Podilchuk and Wenjun zeng, " Image-Adaptive
Watermarking Using Visual models," IEEE Journal on Selected areas in
communications, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 525-539, 1998.
[11] Ko-Ming Chan and Lon-Wen Chang, " A Novel Public Watermarking
System based on Advanced Encryption System," Proceedings of the 18th
International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and
Application, IEEE Computer Society (AINA'04), 2004.
[12] Wei Z. H., Qin P. and Fu Y. Q., "Perceptual digital watermark of image
using wavelet transform", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,
Vol. 44, No. 4, 1267-1272, 1998
[13] Ching-Yung Lin, Min Wu, J. Bloom, Ingemar J. Cox, Matt L.Miller and
Yui Man Lui, "Rotation, Scale and Translation Resilient Watermarking
for Images," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 10, No. 5,
pp.767-782, 2001.
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:55914", author = "Krishnamoorthi R. and Sheba Kezia Malarchelvi P. D.", title = "Image Adaptive Watermarking with Visual Model in Orthogonal Polynomials based Transformation Domain", abstract = "In this paper, an image adaptive, invisible digital
watermarking algorithm with Orthogonal Polynomials based
Transformation (OPT) is proposed, for copyright protection of digital
images. The proposed algorithm utilizes a visual model to determine
the watermarking strength necessary to invisibly embed the
watermark in the mid frequency AC coefficients of the cover image,
chosen with a secret key. The visual model is designed to generate a
Just Noticeable Distortion mask (JND) by analyzing the low level
image characteristics such as textures, edges and luminance of the
cover image in the orthogonal polynomials based transformation
domain. Since the secret key is required for both embedding and
extraction of watermark, it is not possible for an unauthorized user to
extract the embedded watermark. The proposed scheme is robust to
common image processing distortions like filtering, JPEG
compression and additive noise. Experimental results show that the
quality of OPT domain watermarked images is better than its DCT
counterpart.", keywords = "Orthogonal Polynomials based Transformation,Digital Watermarking, Copyright Protection, Visual model.", volume = "3", number = "11", pages = "2611-8", }