Estimation of the Minimum Floor Length Downstream Regulators under Different Flow Scenarios
The correct design of the regulators structure requires complete prediction of the ultimate dimensions of the scour hole profile formed downstream the solid apron. The study of scour downstream regulator is studied either on solid aprons by means of velocity distribution or on movable bed by studying the topography of the scour hole formed in the downstream. In this paper, a new technique was developed to study the scour hole downstream regulators on movable beds. The study was divided into two categories; the first is to find out the sum of the lengths of rigid apron behind the gates in addition to the length of scour hole formed downstream, while the second is to find the minimum length of rigid apron behind the gates to prevent erosion downstream it. The study covers free and submerged hydraulic jump conditions in both symmetrical and asymmetrical under-gated regulations. From the comparison between the studied categories, we found that the minimum length of rigid apron to prevent scour (Ls) is greater than the sum of the lengths of rigid apron and that of scour hole formed behind it (L+Xs). On the other hand, the scour hole dimensions in case of submerged hydraulic jump is always greater than free one, also the scour hole dimensions in asymmetrical operation is greater than symmetrical one.
[1] Negm, A.M., Abdel Aal, G.M., Saleh, O.K., and Sauida, M.F., "Effect
of supercritical flow on scour characteristics downstream of sudden
expanding stilling basin", EJEST Journal, Faculty of Engineering,
Zagazig University, Vol. 6, No. 1, January, 2002, pp. 129-141.
[2] Negm, A.M., Saleh, O.K., Abdel-Aal, G.M. & Sauida, M.F.,
"Investigating scour characteristics downstream of abruptly enlarged
stilling basins", Proceedings of the International Conference on Fluvial
Hydraulics, River Flow 2002, Sep. 1-4, Belgium, Published by D.
Bousmar & Y. Zech, Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, The
Netherlands, 2002, (ISBN 90-5809-509-6).
[3] Mohamed, M.S., Negm, A.M., and El-Saiad, A.A., "Effect of
continuous sill on scour downstream of hydraulic structures" Civil
Engineering Research Magazine, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar
University, Vol. 21, No. 3, July, 1999, pp 625-645.
[4] Saleh, O.K., Negm, Ahmed, N.G., "Effect of asymmetric side sill on
scour characteristics downstream of sudden expanding stilling basins",
Al-Azhar Engineering 7th International Conference, Cairo, Egypt, 2003.
[5] Saleh, O.K., "River training and protection for reach downstream of
hydraulic structures", Ph.D. Thesis, Submitted to Faculty of
Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt, 1995.
[6] Saleh O. K., "Velocity distribution downstream hydraulic jump",
Engineering Research Journal, Vol. 62, April, Faculty of Engineering,
Helwan University, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt, 1999, pp.103-114.
[7] Saleh, O.K., Owais, T.M., and Drewes, Uwe, "Riprap design
downstream hydraulic structures", Proc. of Al-Azhar Engineering 4th
Int. Conf., Dec 15-19, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Vol. 4, 1995,
pp. 633-644.
[8] Ghzaw, Y., Saleh O. K. and Salem, A.A.S., "Sill effect on the velocity
distribution downstream hydraulic jump", Engineering Research
Journal, Vol. 71, October, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University,
Mataria, Cairo, Egypt, 2000, pp. 18-31.
[9] Govinda Rao, N.S. and Rajaratnam, N., "The submerged hydraulic
jump", Journal of Hydraulic Div., Vol. 89, No. HY1, 1963, pp. 139-163.
[10] Rajaratnam, N., "Submerged hydraulic jump", Journal of the Hydraulic
Div., Vol. 91, No. HY4, 1965, pp. 71-96.
[11] Rajaratnam, N., "Hydraulic jump in advances in hydro-science", Vol. 14
Edited by V.T. Chow, Academic Press, New York and London, 1967,
pp. 197-280.
[12] Rajaratnam, N., "Erosion by submerged circular jets" Journal of the
Hydraulic Division, Vol. 108, No. HY2, February, 1982, pp. 262-267.
[13] Narasimhan, S., and Bhargara P., "Pressure fluctuations in submerged
jump", Journal of the Hydraulic Div., Vol. 102, No. HY3, 1976, pp. 339
350.
[14] Abdel Alal, G.M., "Modeling of Rectangular Submerged Hydraulic
Jumps", Alexandria Engineering Journal, Vol. 43, No. 6, 2004, pp.865-
873.
[15] Negm, A.M., Abdel-Aal, G.M., Elfiky, M.I., and Mohmed, Y.A.,
"Characteristics of submerged hydraulic jump in radial basins with a
vertical drop in the bed", AEJ, Faculty of Eng., Alexandria University,
Egypt, 2002.
[16] Ali, N.A.," The proper location of floor sill with scour reach
downstream of heading-up structure", Jour. Of Eng. Scie. (JES), Faculty
of Eng. Assiut Univ., 23(2), July 1995.
[17] Yassin, A.M.," Design of irrigation structures (2)", Lec. Note, Civil
Eng. Dept., Assiut Univ. 1984.
[18] Leliavesky, S.," An introduction to fluvial hydraulics", Constable &
Company LTD., London, 1955.
[19] Ali, N. A.," A contribution to sediment transportation with reference to
hydraulic resistance", M. Sc. Thesis, Civil Eng. Dept. Assiut Univ.,
1978.
[20] Khalil, M. B.," Hydraulic roughness of channels with rippled-bed",
Bulletin of Science & Tech., Assiut Univ., 1969.
[21] Powel,R.W.,"Flow in channel of definite roughness", Trans., ASCE,
(111), 1946.
[22] Rouse, H.," Critical analysis of open channel resistance", J. of Hyd.
Div., ASCE, Vol. 91 No. HY.4, July 1965.
[23] Ismail, H. and Shalasdh, M. S.,"Study of scour below
hydraulicstructures by means of velocity distribution", Bulletin of
Faculty of Eng., Cairo Univ., 1954.
[24] Grade, R. J., Subramabya, K., and Nambudrpad, K. D., "Study of Scour
Around Spur Dikes", J. Hyd. Div., ASCE, 87(6), 1961.
[25] Ali, N.A.," Scour prediction at submarine pipelined near the sea bed",
Bulletin of Faculty of Eng., Assiut Univ. 24(1), Jan. 1996.
[26] Hassan, M.K.," Erosion of alluvial bed downstream of a sluice gate",
Ph. D. thesis, Dept of Civil and Structural Eng. (UMIST), U.K. 1985.
[27] Kamil, H.M., and Karim O.," Simulation of flow around piers", J. Hydr.
Res.(IAHR), 40(2), 2002.
[28] Roudkivi, A.J., and Ettema, R." Clear-water scour at cylindrical piers",
Jour. Of Hyd. Eng., 109(3), March 1983.
[29] Chatterjee, S.S., and Ghosh, S.N.," Submerged horizontal jet over
erodible bed", Jour. Of Hyd. Div., ASCE, 106(HY), Nov. 1980.
[30] Bligh, W.G.," The practical design of irrigation works", Constable, 2nd
edn., London, 1912, found in Ref. (1).
[31] El-Dardeer, M.,"Different ways of passing water through the gates of
regulators and its effect on scour below", M. Sc. Thesis, Civil Eng.
Dept., Assiut Univ., Egypt, 1986.
[1] Negm, A.M., Abdel Aal, G.M., Saleh, O.K., and Sauida, M.F., "Effect
of supercritical flow on scour characteristics downstream of sudden
expanding stilling basin", EJEST Journal, Faculty of Engineering,
Zagazig University, Vol. 6, No. 1, January, 2002, pp. 129-141.
[2] Negm, A.M., Saleh, O.K., Abdel-Aal, G.M. & Sauida, M.F.,
"Investigating scour characteristics downstream of abruptly enlarged
stilling basins", Proceedings of the International Conference on Fluvial
Hydraulics, River Flow 2002, Sep. 1-4, Belgium, Published by D.
Bousmar & Y. Zech, Editors, Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, The
Netherlands, 2002, (ISBN 90-5809-509-6).
[3] Mohamed, M.S., Negm, A.M., and El-Saiad, A.A., "Effect of
continuous sill on scour downstream of hydraulic structures" Civil
Engineering Research Magazine, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar
University, Vol. 21, No. 3, July, 1999, pp 625-645.
[4] Saleh, O.K., Negm, Ahmed, N.G., "Effect of asymmetric side sill on
scour characteristics downstream of sudden expanding stilling basins",
Al-Azhar Engineering 7th International Conference, Cairo, Egypt, 2003.
[5] Saleh, O.K., "River training and protection for reach downstream of
hydraulic structures", Ph.D. Thesis, Submitted to Faculty of
Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt, 1995.
[6] Saleh O. K., "Velocity distribution downstream hydraulic jump",
Engineering Research Journal, Vol. 62, April, Faculty of Engineering,
Helwan University, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt, 1999, pp.103-114.
[7] Saleh, O.K., Owais, T.M., and Drewes, Uwe, "Riprap design
downstream hydraulic structures", Proc. of Al-Azhar Engineering 4th
Int. Conf., Dec 15-19, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Vol. 4, 1995,
pp. 633-644.
[8] Ghzaw, Y., Saleh O. K. and Salem, A.A.S., "Sill effect on the velocity
distribution downstream hydraulic jump", Engineering Research
Journal, Vol. 71, October, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University,
Mataria, Cairo, Egypt, 2000, pp. 18-31.
[9] Govinda Rao, N.S. and Rajaratnam, N., "The submerged hydraulic
jump", Journal of Hydraulic Div., Vol. 89, No. HY1, 1963, pp. 139-163.
[10] Rajaratnam, N., "Submerged hydraulic jump", Journal of the Hydraulic
Div., Vol. 91, No. HY4, 1965, pp. 71-96.
[11] Rajaratnam, N., "Hydraulic jump in advances in hydro-science", Vol. 14
Edited by V.T. Chow, Academic Press, New York and London, 1967,
pp. 197-280.
[12] Rajaratnam, N., "Erosion by submerged circular jets" Journal of the
Hydraulic Division, Vol. 108, No. HY2, February, 1982, pp. 262-267.
[13] Narasimhan, S., and Bhargara P., "Pressure fluctuations in submerged
jump", Journal of the Hydraulic Div., Vol. 102, No. HY3, 1976, pp. 339
350.
[14] Abdel Alal, G.M., "Modeling of Rectangular Submerged Hydraulic
Jumps", Alexandria Engineering Journal, Vol. 43, No. 6, 2004, pp.865-
873.
[15] Negm, A.M., Abdel-Aal, G.M., Elfiky, M.I., and Mohmed, Y.A.,
"Characteristics of submerged hydraulic jump in radial basins with a
vertical drop in the bed", AEJ, Faculty of Eng., Alexandria University,
Egypt, 2002.
[16] Ali, N.A.," The proper location of floor sill with scour reach
downstream of heading-up structure", Jour. Of Eng. Scie. (JES), Faculty
of Eng. Assiut Univ., 23(2), July 1995.
[17] Yassin, A.M.," Design of irrigation structures (2)", Lec. Note, Civil
Eng. Dept., Assiut Univ. 1984.
[18] Leliavesky, S.," An introduction to fluvial hydraulics", Constable &
Company LTD., London, 1955.
[19] Ali, N. A.," A contribution to sediment transportation with reference to
hydraulic resistance", M. Sc. Thesis, Civil Eng. Dept. Assiut Univ.,
1978.
[20] Khalil, M. B.," Hydraulic roughness of channels with rippled-bed",
Bulletin of Science & Tech., Assiut Univ., 1969.
[21] Powel,R.W.,"Flow in channel of definite roughness", Trans., ASCE,
(111), 1946.
[22] Rouse, H.," Critical analysis of open channel resistance", J. of Hyd.
Div., ASCE, Vol. 91 No. HY.4, July 1965.
[23] Ismail, H. and Shalasdh, M. S.,"Study of scour below
hydraulicstructures by means of velocity distribution", Bulletin of
Faculty of Eng., Cairo Univ., 1954.
[24] Grade, R. J., Subramabya, K., and Nambudrpad, K. D., "Study of Scour
Around Spur Dikes", J. Hyd. Div., ASCE, 87(6), 1961.
[25] Ali, N.A.," Scour prediction at submarine pipelined near the sea bed",
Bulletin of Faculty of Eng., Assiut Univ. 24(1), Jan. 1996.
[26] Hassan, M.K.," Erosion of alluvial bed downstream of a sluice gate",
Ph. D. thesis, Dept of Civil and Structural Eng. (UMIST), U.K. 1985.
[27] Kamil, H.M., and Karim O.," Simulation of flow around piers", J. Hydr.
Res.(IAHR), 40(2), 2002.
[28] Roudkivi, A.J., and Ettema, R." Clear-water scour at cylindrical piers",
Jour. Of Hyd. Eng., 109(3), March 1983.
[29] Chatterjee, S.S., and Ghosh, S.N.," Submerged horizontal jet over
erodible bed", Jour. Of Hyd. Div., ASCE, 106(HY), Nov. 1980.
[30] Bligh, W.G.," The practical design of irrigation works", Constable, 2nd
edn., London, 1912, found in Ref. (1).
[31] El-Dardeer, M.,"Different ways of passing water through the gates of
regulators and its effect on scour below", M. Sc. Thesis, Civil Eng.
Dept., Assiut Univ., Egypt, 1986.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:56225", author = "Bakhiet and Shenouda and Gamal Abouzeid Abdel-Rahim and Norihiro Izumi", title = "Estimation of the Minimum Floor Length Downstream Regulators under Different Flow Scenarios", abstract = "The correct design of the regulators structure requires complete prediction of the ultimate dimensions of the scour hole profile formed downstream the solid apron. The study of scour downstream regulator is studied either on solid aprons by means of velocity distribution or on movable bed by studying the topography of the scour hole formed in the downstream. In this paper, a new technique was developed to study the scour hole downstream regulators on movable beds. The study was divided into two categories; the first is to find out the sum of the lengths of rigid apron behind the gates in addition to the length of scour hole formed downstream, while the second is to find the minimum length of rigid apron behind the gates to prevent erosion downstream it. The study covers free and submerged hydraulic jump conditions in both symmetrical and asymmetrical under-gated regulations. From the comparison between the studied categories, we found that the minimum length of rigid apron to prevent scour (Ls) is greater than the sum of the lengths of rigid apron and that of scour hole formed behind it (L+Xs). On the other hand, the scour hole dimensions in case of submerged hydraulic jump is always greater than free one, also the scour hole dimensions in asymmetrical operation is greater than symmetrical one.
", keywords = "Movable bed, Regulators, Scour, Symmetrical and
asymmetrical operation", volume = "6", number = "8", pages = "601-8", }
