Effect of Zr Addition on Mechanical Properties of Cr-Mo Plastic Mold Steels
We investigated the effects of the additions of Zr and other alloying elements on the mechanical properties and microstructure in Cr-Mo plastic mold steels. The addition of alloying elements changed the microstructure of the normalized samples from the upper bainite to lower bainite due to the increased hardenability. The tempering temperature influenced the strength and hardness values, especially the phenomenon of 350oC embrittlement was observed. The alloy additions of Cr, Mo, and V improved the resistance to the temper embrittlement. The addition of Zr improved the tensile strength and yield strength, but the impact energy was sharply decreased. It may be caused by the formation of Zr-MnS inclusion and rectangular-shaped Zr inclusion due to the Zr addition.
[1] K. Narita, Y. Yamaguchi, N. Yagi, and T. Shimohata, “Resulphurized
steels containing zirconium,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 62, pp. 885–894,
1976.
[2] T. Sawai, M. Wakoh, and S. Mizoguchi, “Effect of Zr-oxide particles on
the MnS precipitation in low S steels,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 82, pp.
587–592, 1996.
[3] M. Wakoh, T. Sawai, and S. Mizoguchi, “Effect of Ti-Zr oxide particles
on MnS precipitation in low S steels,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 82, pp.
593–598, 1996.
[4] H. Hasegawa, K. Nakajima, and S. Mizoguchi, “The effects of inclusions
in steel on MnS precipitation in Fe-Si alloys,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 87,
pp. 700–706, 2001.
[5] K. Kato, “On the deformation of sulfides in high-sulphur steels by
working and the effect of Zr addition,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 48, pp.
753–761, 1962.
[6] Z. Tang and W. Strumpf, “The role of molybdenum additions and prior
deformation on acicular ferrite formation in microalloyedNb-Ti
low-carbon line-pipe steels,” Mater. Charac., vol. 59, pp. 717–728, 2008.
[7] M. Honjo and Y. Saito, “Numerical simulation of phase separation in
Fe-Cr binary and Fe-Cr-Mo ternary alloys with use of the Cahn-Hilliard
equation,” ISIJ Inter., vol. 40, pp. 914–919, 2000.
[8] B.S. Lement, B.L. Averbach, and M. Cohen, “Microstructural changes on
tempering iron-carbon alloys,” Trans. ASM, vol. 46, pp. 851–881, 1954.
[9] C.J. Altstetter, M. Cohen, and L. Averbach, “Effect of silicon on the
tempering of AISI 43XX steels,” Trans. ASM, vol. 55, pp. 287–300, 1962.
[10] G. Thomas, “Retained austenite and tempered martensiteembrittlement,”
Metall. Trans., vol. 9, pp. 439–450, 1978.
[11] J.P. Materkowski and G. Krauss, “Tempered martensiteembrittlement in
SAE 4340 steel,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp. 1643–1651, 1979.
[12] R.M. Horn and R.O. Ritchi, “ Mechanisms of tempered
martensiteembrittlement in low alloy steels,” Metall. Trans., vol. 9, pp.
1039–1053, 1978.
[13] C.L. Braiant and S.K. Banerji, “Phosphorus induced 350o
C embrittlement
in an ultra-high strength steel,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp. 123–126,
1979.
[14] C.L. Braiant and S.K. Banerji, “Tempered martensiteembrittlement in
phosphorus doped steels,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp.1729–1737, 1979.
[15] C.L. Braiant and S.K. Banerji, “Tempered martensiteembrittlement in a
high purity steel,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp. 1151–1155, 1979.
[16] H. Takada, K, Kaneco, T. Inoue, and S. Kinoshita, “Effect of shape of
MnS inclusion on ductility of rolled plate,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 62, pp.
866–874, 1976.
[1] K. Narita, Y. Yamaguchi, N. Yagi, and T. Shimohata, “Resulphurized
steels containing zirconium,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 62, pp. 885–894,
1976.
[2] T. Sawai, M. Wakoh, and S. Mizoguchi, “Effect of Zr-oxide particles on
the MnS precipitation in low S steels,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 82, pp.
587–592, 1996.
[3] M. Wakoh, T. Sawai, and S. Mizoguchi, “Effect of Ti-Zr oxide particles
on MnS precipitation in low S steels,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 82, pp.
593–598, 1996.
[4] H. Hasegawa, K. Nakajima, and S. Mizoguchi, “The effects of inclusions
in steel on MnS precipitation in Fe-Si alloys,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 87,
pp. 700–706, 2001.
[5] K. Kato, “On the deformation of sulfides in high-sulphur steels by
working and the effect of Zr addition,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 48, pp.
753–761, 1962.
[6] Z. Tang and W. Strumpf, “The role of molybdenum additions and prior
deformation on acicular ferrite formation in microalloyedNb-Ti
low-carbon line-pipe steels,” Mater. Charac., vol. 59, pp. 717–728, 2008.
[7] M. Honjo and Y. Saito, “Numerical simulation of phase separation in
Fe-Cr binary and Fe-Cr-Mo ternary alloys with use of the Cahn-Hilliard
equation,” ISIJ Inter., vol. 40, pp. 914–919, 2000.
[8] B.S. Lement, B.L. Averbach, and M. Cohen, “Microstructural changes on
tempering iron-carbon alloys,” Trans. ASM, vol. 46, pp. 851–881, 1954.
[9] C.J. Altstetter, M. Cohen, and L. Averbach, “Effect of silicon on the
tempering of AISI 43XX steels,” Trans. ASM, vol. 55, pp. 287–300, 1962.
[10] G. Thomas, “Retained austenite and tempered martensiteembrittlement,”
Metall. Trans., vol. 9, pp. 439–450, 1978.
[11] J.P. Materkowski and G. Krauss, “Tempered martensiteembrittlement in
SAE 4340 steel,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp. 1643–1651, 1979.
[12] R.M. Horn and R.O. Ritchi, “ Mechanisms of tempered
martensiteembrittlement in low alloy steels,” Metall. Trans., vol. 9, pp.
1039–1053, 1978.
[13] C.L. Braiant and S.K. Banerji, “Phosphorus induced 350o
C embrittlement
in an ultra-high strength steel,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp. 123–126,
1979.
[14] C.L. Braiant and S.K. Banerji, “Tempered martensiteembrittlement in
phosphorus doped steels,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp.1729–1737, 1979.
[15] C.L. Braiant and S.K. Banerji, “Tempered martensiteembrittlement in a
high purity steel,” Metall. Trans., vol. 10, pp. 1151–1155, 1979.
[16] H. Takada, K, Kaneco, T. Inoue, and S. Kinoshita, “Effect of shape of
MnS inclusion on ductility of rolled plate,” Tetsu-to-hagané, vol. 62, pp.
866–874, 1976.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:65435", author = "Hyun-Ho Kim and Seok-Jae Lee and Oh-Yeon Lee", title = "Effect of Zr Addition on Mechanical Properties of Cr-Mo Plastic Mold Steels", abstract = "We investigated the effects of the additions of Zr and other alloying elements on the mechanical properties and microstructure in Cr-Mo plastic mold steels. The addition of alloying elements changed the microstructure of the normalized samples from the upper bainite to lower bainite due to the increased hardenability. The tempering temperature influenced the strength and hardness values, especially the phenomenon of 350oC embrittlement was observed. The alloy additions of Cr, Mo, and V improved the resistance to the temper embrittlement. The addition of Zr improved the tensile strength and yield strength, but the impact energy was sharply decreased. It may be caused by the formation of Zr-MnS inclusion and rectangular-shaped Zr inclusion due to the Zr addition.
", keywords = "Inclusions, mechanical properties, plastic mold steel, Zr addition.", volume = "7", number = "10", pages = "749-4", }
