Effect of Steel Fibers on Flexural Behavior of Normal and High Strength Concrete
An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of hooked-end steel fibers on the flexural behavior of normal and high strength concrete matrices. The fibers content appropriate for the concrete matrices investigated was also determined based on flexural tests on standard prisms. Parameters investigated include: matrix compressive strength ranging from 45 MPa to 70 MPa, corresponding to normal and high strength concrete matrices respectively; fibers volume fraction including 0, 0.5%, 0.76% and 1%, equivalent to 0, 40, 60, and 80 kg/m3 of hooked-end steel fibers respectively. Test results indicated that flexural strength and toughness of normal and high strength concrete matrices were significantly improved with the increase in the fibers content added; whereas a slight improvement in compressive strength was observed for the same matrices. Furthermore, the test results indicated that the effect of increasing the fibers content was more pronounced on increasing the flexural strength of high strength concrete than that of normal concrete.
[1] ACI Committee 544, "State-of-the-art report on fiber reinforced concrete (544.1R-96)”, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 2009.
[2] S. H. Kosmatka, and M. L.Wilson, "Design and control of concrete mixtures”, 15th edition, Portland Cement Association, Illinois, USA, 2011, 460 p.
[3] C. D. Johnston, "Toughness of steel fiber reinforced concrete”, Proceedings, Steel Fiber Concrete US-Sweden Joint Seminar (NSF-STU), Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, 1985, pp. 333-360.
[4] C. D. Johnston, and R. W. Zemp, "Flexural fatigue behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete: influence of fiber content, aspect ratio, and type”, ACI Material Journal, Vol. 88, No. 4, 1991, pp. 3740383.
[5] N. Banthia, K. Chokri, and J. Trottier, "Impact tests on cement-based fiber reinforced composites”, ACI Special Publications, Detroit, USA, SP.155-9, 1995, pp. 171-188.
[6] R. L. Jindal, "Shear and moment capacities of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams”, International Symposium, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, USA, 1984, pp. 1-16.
[7] F. Minelli, and F. Vecchio, "Compression field modeling of fiber reinforced concrete members under shear loading”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 103, No. 2, 2006, pp. 244-252.
[8] F. Parker, "Steel fibrous concrete for airport pavement applications”, Technical Report S-74-12, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. Federal Aviation Administration, Washington DC, 1974.
[9] Bekaert, "Steel fibers for the pre-cast industry”, Dramix, Bekaert, NV, 1999.
[10] W. A. Elsaigh, and E. P. Keasley, "Effect of matrix strength on performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete”, Proceeding of 3rd Young Concrete Engineers Practitioners and Technology Conference, Midrand, South Africa, 2006. 10 p.
[11] A. R. Khaloo, and N. Kim, "Mechanical properties of normal to high-strength steel fiber-reinforced concrete,” Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates, CCAGDP, Vol. 18, No. 2, 1996, pp. 92-97.
[12] J. Thomas, and A. Ramaswamy, "Mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete”, Journal of Material in Civil Engineering, Vol.19, No. 5, 2007, pp. 385-392.
[13] ASTM C143/C143M-12, "Standard test method for slump of hydraulic cement concrete”, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2012.
[14] British Standards Institution, BS 1881-116, "Method for determination of compressive strength of concrete cubes”, London, 1983.
[15] ASTM C78/C78M-10, "Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)”, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2010.
[16] JSCE-SF4. "Standard for flexural strength and flexural toughness, method of tests for steel fiber reinforced concrete”, Concrete library of JSCE, Japan Concrete Institute (JCI), 1984, pp. 58-66.
[1] ACI Committee 544, "State-of-the-art report on fiber reinforced concrete (544.1R-96)”, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 2009.
[2] S. H. Kosmatka, and M. L.Wilson, "Design and control of concrete mixtures”, 15th edition, Portland Cement Association, Illinois, USA, 2011, 460 p.
[3] C. D. Johnston, "Toughness of steel fiber reinforced concrete”, Proceedings, Steel Fiber Concrete US-Sweden Joint Seminar (NSF-STU), Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, 1985, pp. 333-360.
[4] C. D. Johnston, and R. W. Zemp, "Flexural fatigue behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete: influence of fiber content, aspect ratio, and type”, ACI Material Journal, Vol. 88, No. 4, 1991, pp. 3740383.
[5] N. Banthia, K. Chokri, and J. Trottier, "Impact tests on cement-based fiber reinforced composites”, ACI Special Publications, Detroit, USA, SP.155-9, 1995, pp. 171-188.
[6] R. L. Jindal, "Shear and moment capacities of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams”, International Symposium, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, USA, 1984, pp. 1-16.
[7] F. Minelli, and F. Vecchio, "Compression field modeling of fiber reinforced concrete members under shear loading”, ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 103, No. 2, 2006, pp. 244-252.
[8] F. Parker, "Steel fibrous concrete for airport pavement applications”, Technical Report S-74-12, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. Federal Aviation Administration, Washington DC, 1974.
[9] Bekaert, "Steel fibers for the pre-cast industry”, Dramix, Bekaert, NV, 1999.
[10] W. A. Elsaigh, and E. P. Keasley, "Effect of matrix strength on performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete”, Proceeding of 3rd Young Concrete Engineers Practitioners and Technology Conference, Midrand, South Africa, 2006. 10 p.
[11] A. R. Khaloo, and N. Kim, "Mechanical properties of normal to high-strength steel fiber-reinforced concrete,” Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates, CCAGDP, Vol. 18, No. 2, 1996, pp. 92-97.
[12] J. Thomas, and A. Ramaswamy, "Mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete”, Journal of Material in Civil Engineering, Vol.19, No. 5, 2007, pp. 385-392.
[13] ASTM C143/C143M-12, "Standard test method for slump of hydraulic cement concrete”, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2012.
[14] British Standards Institution, BS 1881-116, "Method for determination of compressive strength of concrete cubes”, London, 1983.
[15] ASTM C78/C78M-10, "Standard test method for flexural strength of concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)”, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2010.
[16] JSCE-SF4. "Standard for flexural strength and flexural toughness, method of tests for steel fiber reinforced concrete”, Concrete library of JSCE, Japan Concrete Institute (JCI), 1984, pp. 58-66.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:66069", author = "K. M. Aldossari and W. A. Elsaigh and M. J. Shannag", title = "Effect of Steel Fibers on Flexural Behavior of Normal and High Strength Concrete", abstract = "An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of hooked-end steel fibers on the flexural behavior of normal and high strength concrete matrices. The fibers content appropriate for the concrete matrices investigated was also determined based on flexural tests on standard prisms. Parameters investigated include: matrix compressive strength ranging from 45 MPa to 70 MPa, corresponding to normal and high strength concrete matrices respectively; fibers volume fraction including 0, 0.5%, 0.76% and 1%, equivalent to 0, 40, 60, and 80 kg/m3 of hooked-end steel fibers respectively. Test results indicated that flexural strength and toughness of normal and high strength concrete matrices were significantly improved with the increase in the fibers content added; whereas a slight improvement in compressive strength was observed for the same matrices. Furthermore, the test results indicated that the effect of increasing the fibers content was more pronounced on increasing the flexural strength of high strength concrete than that of normal concrete.
", keywords = "Concrete, flexural strength, toughness, steel fibers.", volume = "8", number = "1", pages = "22-5", }
