Effect of Hydrogen-Diesel Dual Fuel Combustion on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Four Stroke-Single Cylinder Diesel Engine
The present work attempts to investigate the
combustion, performance and emission characteristics of an existing
single-cylinder four-stroke compression-ignition engine operated in
dual-fuel mode with hydrogen as an alternative fuel. Environmental
concerns and limited amount of petroleum fuels have caused interests
in the development of alternative fuels like hydrogen for internal
combustion (IC) engines. In this experimental investigation, a diesel
engine is made to run using hydrogen in dual fuel mode with diesel,
where hydrogen is introduced into the intake manifold using an LPGCNG
injector and pilot diesel is injected using diesel injectors. A
Timed Manifold Injection (TMI) system has been developed to vary
the injection strategies. The optimized timing for the injection of
hydrogen was 10^0 CA after top dead center (ATDC). From the study
it was observed that with increasing hydrogen rate, enhancement in
brake thermal efficiency (BTHE) of the engine has been observed
with reduction in brake specific energy consumption (BSEC).
Furthermore, Soot contents decrease with an increase in indicated
specific NOx emissions with the enhancement of hydrogen flow rate.
[1] J.M. Gomes Antunes, R. Mikalsen, A.P. Roskilly, An experimental
study of a direct injection compression ignition hydrogen engine,
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 34, Issue 15, August
2009, Pages 6516-6522, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.05.142.
[2] Biplab K. Debnath, Ujjwal K. Saha, Niranjan Sahoo. Effect of
hydrogen-diesel quantity variation on brake thermal efficiency of a dual
fuelled diesel engine. Journal of Power Technologies 92 (1) (2012) 55-
67.
[3] N. Saravanan, G. Nagarajan, Performance and emission studies on port
injection of hydrogen with varied flow rates with Diesel as an ignition
source, Applied Energy, Volume 87, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 2218-
2229, ISSN 0306-2619,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.01.014.
[4] Heffel James W, Mcclanahan Michael N, Norbeck Joseph M. Electronic
fuel injection for hydrogen fueled internal combustion engines. SAE
Transactions 1998. 981924.
[5] G.P. Prabhukumar, S. Swaminathan, B. Nagalingam, K.V.
Gopalakrishnan, Water induction studies in a hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel
engine, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 12, Issue 3,
1987, Pages 177-186, ISSN 0360-3199, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-
3199(87)90151-0.
[6] Y. J. Qian, C. J. Zuo, J. T. H. M. Xu, Effect of intake hydrogen addition
on performance andemission characteristics of a diesel engine with
exhaust gas recirculation, proceedings of the institution of mechanical
engineers, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225 (2011) 1919-
1925.http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211403663
[7] L.M Das, Near-term introduction of hydrogen engines for automotive
and agricultural application, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,
Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2002, Pages 479-487, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3199(01)00163-X.
[8] N. Saravanan, G. Nagarajan, C. Dhanasekaran, K.M. Kalaiselvan,
Experimental investigation of hydrogen port fuel injection in DI diesel
engine, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 32, Issue 16,
November 2007, Pages 4071-4080, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.03.036.
[9] Madhujit Deb, Rahul Banerjee, Arindam Majumder, G.R.K. Sastry,
Multi objective optimization of performance parameters of a single
cylinder diesel engine with hydrogen as a dual fuel using pareto-based
genetic algorithm, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume
39, Issue 15, 15 May 2014, Pages 8063-8077, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.045.
[10] P. K. Bose, R. Banerjee, An Experimental Investigation on the Role of
Hydrogen in the Emission Reduction and Performance Trade-Off
Studies in an Existing Diesel Engine Operating in Dual Fuel Mode
Under Exhaust Gas Recirculation, Journal of Energy Resources
Technology(ASME), March 2012, Vol. 134 / 012601-15.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4005246
[11] IS 10,000(Part 8):1980 (Reaffirmed Aug 2010; Amendments: 1):
Methods of tests for internal combustion engines: Part 8 Performance
tests, Retrieved from: http://www.bis.org.in/sf/pow/ted.pdf- on August,
2010 [12] IS 10,000(Part 6):1980 (Reaffirmed Aug 2010; Amendments:
1):Methods of tests for internal combustion engines: Part 6 Recording of
test results, Retrieved from: http://www.bis.org.in/sf/pow/ted.pdf- on
August, 2010
[13] Lilik, G, 2007, “Mixing Length of Hydrogen in an Air Intake”,
Retrievedfrom:http://www.ems.psu.edu/~elsworth/courses/EGEE520/20
07Deliverables/Reports/Greg_Lilik_Final_EGEE_520v6.pdf - on 20th
July, 2011.
[1] J.M. Gomes Antunes, R. Mikalsen, A.P. Roskilly, An experimental
study of a direct injection compression ignition hydrogen engine,
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 34, Issue 15, August
2009, Pages 6516-6522, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.05.142.
[2] Biplab K. Debnath, Ujjwal K. Saha, Niranjan Sahoo. Effect of
hydrogen-diesel quantity variation on brake thermal efficiency of a dual
fuelled diesel engine. Journal of Power Technologies 92 (1) (2012) 55-
67.
[3] N. Saravanan, G. Nagarajan, Performance and emission studies on port
injection of hydrogen with varied flow rates with Diesel as an ignition
source, Applied Energy, Volume 87, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 2218-
2229, ISSN 0306-2619,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.01.014.
[4] Heffel James W, Mcclanahan Michael N, Norbeck Joseph M. Electronic
fuel injection for hydrogen fueled internal combustion engines. SAE
Transactions 1998. 981924.
[5] G.P. Prabhukumar, S. Swaminathan, B. Nagalingam, K.V.
Gopalakrishnan, Water induction studies in a hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel
engine, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 12, Issue 3,
1987, Pages 177-186, ISSN 0360-3199, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-
3199(87)90151-0.
[6] Y. J. Qian, C. J. Zuo, J. T. H. M. Xu, Effect of intake hydrogen addition
on performance andemission characteristics of a diesel engine with
exhaust gas recirculation, proceedings of the institution of mechanical
engineers, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225 (2011) 1919-
1925.http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211403663
[7] L.M Das, Near-term introduction of hydrogen engines for automotive
and agricultural application, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,
Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2002, Pages 479-487, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3199(01)00163-X.
[8] N. Saravanan, G. Nagarajan, C. Dhanasekaran, K.M. Kalaiselvan,
Experimental investigation of hydrogen port fuel injection in DI diesel
engine, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 32, Issue 16,
November 2007, Pages 4071-4080, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.03.036.
[9] Madhujit Deb, Rahul Banerjee, Arindam Majumder, G.R.K. Sastry,
Multi objective optimization of performance parameters of a single
cylinder diesel engine with hydrogen as a dual fuel using pareto-based
genetic algorithm, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume
39, Issue 15, 15 May 2014, Pages 8063-8077, ISSN 0360-3199,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.045.
[10] P. K. Bose, R. Banerjee, An Experimental Investigation on the Role of
Hydrogen in the Emission Reduction and Performance Trade-Off
Studies in an Existing Diesel Engine Operating in Dual Fuel Mode
Under Exhaust Gas Recirculation, Journal of Energy Resources
Technology(ASME), March 2012, Vol. 134 / 012601-15.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4005246
[11] IS 10,000(Part 8):1980 (Reaffirmed Aug 2010; Amendments: 1):
Methods of tests for internal combustion engines: Part 8 Performance
tests, Retrieved from: http://www.bis.org.in/sf/pow/ted.pdf- on August,
2010 [12] IS 10,000(Part 6):1980 (Reaffirmed Aug 2010; Amendments:
1):Methods of tests for internal combustion engines: Part 6 Recording of
test results, Retrieved from: http://www.bis.org.in/sf/pow/ted.pdf- on
August, 2010
[13] Lilik, G, 2007, “Mixing Length of Hydrogen in an Air Intake”,
Retrievedfrom:http://www.ems.psu.edu/~elsworth/courses/EGEE520/20
07Deliverables/Reports/Greg_Lilik_Final_EGEE_520v6.pdf - on 20th
July, 2011.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:69803", author = "Madhujit Deb and G. R. K. Sastry and R. S. Panua and Rahul Banerjee and P. K. Bose", title = "Effect of Hydrogen-Diesel Dual Fuel Combustion on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Four Stroke-Single Cylinder Diesel Engine", abstract = "The present work attempts to investigate the
combustion, performance and emission characteristics of an existing
single-cylinder four-stroke compression-ignition engine operated in
dual-fuel mode with hydrogen as an alternative fuel. Environmental
concerns and limited amount of petroleum fuels have caused interests
in the development of alternative fuels like hydrogen for internal
combustion (IC) engines. In this experimental investigation, a diesel
engine is made to run using hydrogen in dual fuel mode with diesel,
where hydrogen is introduced into the intake manifold using an LPGCNG
injector and pilot diesel is injected using diesel injectors. A
Timed Manifold Injection (TMI) system has been developed to vary
the injection strategies. The optimized timing for the injection of
hydrogen was 10^0 CA after top dead center (ATDC). From the study
it was observed that with increasing hydrogen rate, enhancement in
brake thermal efficiency (BTHE) of the engine has been observed
with reduction in brake specific energy consumption (BSEC).
Furthermore, Soot contents decrease with an increase in indicated
specific NOx emissions with the enhancement of hydrogen flow rate.
", keywords = "Diesel engine, Hydrogen, BTHE, BSEC, Soot, NOx.", volume = "9", number = "6", pages = "914-7", }
