A Study on Cement-Based Composite Containing Polypropylene Fibers and Finely Ground Glass Exposed to Elevated Temperatures
High strength concrete has been used in situations
where it may be exposed to elevated temperatures. Numerous authors
have shown the significant contribution of polypropylene fiber to the
spalling resistance of high strength concrete.
When cement-based composite that reinforced by polypropylene
fibers heated up to 170 °C, polypropylene fibers readily melt and
volatilize, creating additional porosity and small channels in to the
matrix that cause the poor structure and low strength.
This investigation develops on the mechanical properties of mortar
incorporating polypropylene fibers exposed to high temperature.
Also effects of different pozzolans on strength behaviour of samples
at elevated temperature have been studied.
To reach this purpose, the specimens were produced by partial
replacement of cement with finely ground glass, silica fume and rice
husk ash as high reactive pozzolans. The amount of this replacement
was 10% by weight of cement to find the effects of pozzolans as a
partial replacement of cement on the mechanical properties of
mortars. In this way, lots of mixtures with 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of
polypropylene fibers were cast and tested for compressive and
flexural strength, accordance to ASTM standard. After that
specimens being heated to temperatures of 300, 600 °C, respectively,
the mechanical properties of heated samples were tested.
Mechanical tests showed significant reduction in compressive
strength which could be due to polypropylene fiber melting. Also
pozzolans improve the mechanical properties of sampels.
[1] M.S.Wei, K.H. Huang, Recycling and reuse of industrial waste in
Taiwan, Waste Management 21 (2001) 93-97.
[2] S. Mildness, J.F. Young, D. Darwin, Concrete, Prentice Hall, New
Jersey, 2003.
[3] ACI Committee 232, Use of fly ash in concrete (ACI 232.2R-96), ACI
Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, American Concrete Institute,
Farmington Hills, 2001.
[4] ACI Committee 232, Use of Raw or Processed Natural Pozzolans in
Concrete (ACI 232.1R-00), American Concrete Institute, Farmington
Hills, 2000.
[5] ACI Committee 233, Ground, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as a
Cementitious Constituent in Concrete (ACI 233R-95), ACI Manual of
Concrete Practice, Part 1, American Concrete Institute, Farmington
Hills, 2001.
[6] ACI Committee 234, Guide for Use of Silica Fume in Concrete (ACI
234R-96), ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, American concrete
Institute, Farmington Hills, 2001.
[7] W.H. Harrison, Synthetic aggregate sources and resources, Concrete 8
(11) (1974) 41-44.
[8] C.D. Johnston, Waste glass as coarse aggregate for concrete, Journal of
Testing and Evaluation 2 (5) (1974) 344-350.
[9] C. Meyer, S. Baxter, W. Jin, Potential of waste glass for concrete
masonry blocks, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New Millennium,
Proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference, Washington,
D.C., 1996, pp. 666-673.
[10] C. Polley, S.M. Cramer, R.V. Cruz, Potential for using waste glass in
Portland cement concrete, Journal Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE
10 (4) (1998) 210-219.
[11] Y. Shao, T. Lefort, S. Moras, D. Rodriguez, Studies on concrete
containing ground waste glass, Cement and Concrete Research 30 (1)
(2000) 91-100.
[12] A. Shayan, A. Xu, Value-added utilisation of waste glass in concrete,
Cement and Concrete Research 34 (2004) 81-89.
[13] J. Reindl, Report by recycling manager, Dane County, Department of
Public Works, Madison, 1998.
[14] S.B. Park, B.C. Lee, Studies on expansion properties in mortar
containing waste glass and fibers, Cement and Concrete Research 34
(2004) 1145-1152.
[15] V.S. Panchakarla, M.W. Hall, GlascreteÔÇödisposing of non-recyclable
glass, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New Millennium,
proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference, Washington,
D.C., 1996, pp. 509-518.
[16] C. Meyer, S. Baxter, W. Jin, Alkali-silica reaction in concrete with waste
glass as aggregate, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New
Millennium, Proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference,
Washington, D.C., 1996, pp. 1388-1394.
[17] V.S. Panchakarla, M.W. Hall, GlascreteÔÇödisposing of non-recyclable
glass, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New Millennium,
Proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference, Washington,
D.C., 1996, pp. 509-518.
[18] Bentur A, Mindess S. Fiber reinforced cementitious on durability of
concrete. Barking: Elsevier, 1990.
[19] Wang, Y., Wu, H.C. Concrete reinforcement with recycled fibers.
(2000) Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering.
[20] Auchey, Flynn L., Dutta, Piyush K. Use of recycled high density
polyethylene fibers as secondary reinforcement in concrete subjected to
severe environment, Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar
Engineering Conference-1996.
[21] Wu, H.-C., Lim, Y.M., Li, V.C. Application of recycled tyre cord in
concrete for shrinkage crack control, Journal of Materials Science
Letters, Volume 15, Issue 20, 15 October 1996, Pages 1828-1831.
[22] Naaman, A.E., Garcia, S., Korkmaz, M., Li, V.C, Investigation of the
use of carpet waste PP fibers in concrete, Proceedings of the Materials
Engineering Conference, Volume 1, 1996, Pages 799-808.
[23] Balaguru PN, Shah SP. Fiber reinforced cement composites. New York:
McGraw-Hill, Inc, 1992:367p.
[24] S. Kumar, M. B. Polk, and Y. Wang, Fundamental studies on the
utilization of carpet waste, presented at the SMART (Secondary
Materials & Recycled Textiles, An International Association) 1994 Mid-
Year Conference July, 1994, Atlanta, GA.
[25] Terro MJ, Hamoush SA. Behavior of confined normal-weight concrete
under elevated temperature conditions. ACI Materials Journal
1997;94(2):83-9.
[26] Terro MJ, Sawan J. Compressive strength of concrete made with silica
fume under elevated temperature conditions. Kuwait Journal of Science
& Engineering 1998;25(1):129-44.
[27] Kalifa P, Menneteau FD, Quenard D. Spalling and pore pressure in HPC
at high temperatures. Cement and Concrete Research 2000;30(12):1915-
27.
[28] Saad M, Abo-El-Ein SA, Hanna GB, Kotkata MF. Effect of temperature
on physical and mechanical properties of concrete containing silica
fume. Cement and Concrete Research 1996;26(5):669-75.
[29] Xu Y, Wong YL, Poon CS, Anson M. Impact of high temperature on
PFA concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 2001;31(7):1065-73.
[30] Kodur VKR, Wang TC, Cheng FP. Predicting the fire resistance
behaviour of high strength concrete columns. Cement and Concrete
Composites 2004;26(2):141-53.
[31] Poon CS, Azhar S, Anson M, Wong YL. Performance of metakaolin
concrete at elevated temperatures. Cement and Concrete Composites
2003;25(1):83-9.
[32] Savva A, Manita P, Sideris KK. Influence of elevated temperatures on
the mechanical properties of blended cement concretes prepared with
limestone and siliceous aggregates. Cement and Concrete Composites
2005;27(2):239-48.
[1] M.S.Wei, K.H. Huang, Recycling and reuse of industrial waste in
Taiwan, Waste Management 21 (2001) 93-97.
[2] S. Mildness, J.F. Young, D. Darwin, Concrete, Prentice Hall, New
Jersey, 2003.
[3] ACI Committee 232, Use of fly ash in concrete (ACI 232.2R-96), ACI
Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, American Concrete Institute,
Farmington Hills, 2001.
[4] ACI Committee 232, Use of Raw or Processed Natural Pozzolans in
Concrete (ACI 232.1R-00), American Concrete Institute, Farmington
Hills, 2000.
[5] ACI Committee 233, Ground, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as a
Cementitious Constituent in Concrete (ACI 233R-95), ACI Manual of
Concrete Practice, Part 1, American Concrete Institute, Farmington
Hills, 2001.
[6] ACI Committee 234, Guide for Use of Silica Fume in Concrete (ACI
234R-96), ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, American concrete
Institute, Farmington Hills, 2001.
[7] W.H. Harrison, Synthetic aggregate sources and resources, Concrete 8
(11) (1974) 41-44.
[8] C.D. Johnston, Waste glass as coarse aggregate for concrete, Journal of
Testing and Evaluation 2 (5) (1974) 344-350.
[9] C. Meyer, S. Baxter, W. Jin, Potential of waste glass for concrete
masonry blocks, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New Millennium,
Proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference, Washington,
D.C., 1996, pp. 666-673.
[10] C. Polley, S.M. Cramer, R.V. Cruz, Potential for using waste glass in
Portland cement concrete, Journal Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE
10 (4) (1998) 210-219.
[11] Y. Shao, T. Lefort, S. Moras, D. Rodriguez, Studies on concrete
containing ground waste glass, Cement and Concrete Research 30 (1)
(2000) 91-100.
[12] A. Shayan, A. Xu, Value-added utilisation of waste glass in concrete,
Cement and Concrete Research 34 (2004) 81-89.
[13] J. Reindl, Report by recycling manager, Dane County, Department of
Public Works, Madison, 1998.
[14] S.B. Park, B.C. Lee, Studies on expansion properties in mortar
containing waste glass and fibers, Cement and Concrete Research 34
(2004) 1145-1152.
[15] V.S. Panchakarla, M.W. Hall, GlascreteÔÇödisposing of non-recyclable
glass, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New Millennium,
proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference, Washington,
D.C., 1996, pp. 509-518.
[16] C. Meyer, S. Baxter, W. Jin, Alkali-silica reaction in concrete with waste
glass as aggregate, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New
Millennium, Proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference,
Washington, D.C., 1996, pp. 1388-1394.
[17] V.S. Panchakarla, M.W. Hall, GlascreteÔÇödisposing of non-recyclable
glass, in: K.P. Chong (Ed.), Materials for a New Millennium,
Proceedings of ASCE Materials Engineering Conference, Washington,
D.C., 1996, pp. 509-518.
[18] Bentur A, Mindess S. Fiber reinforced cementitious on durability of
concrete. Barking: Elsevier, 1990.
[19] Wang, Y., Wu, H.C. Concrete reinforcement with recycled fibers.
(2000) Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering.
[20] Auchey, Flynn L., Dutta, Piyush K. Use of recycled high density
polyethylene fibers as secondary reinforcement in concrete subjected to
severe environment, Proceedings of the International Offshore and Polar
Engineering Conference-1996.
[21] Wu, H.-C., Lim, Y.M., Li, V.C. Application of recycled tyre cord in
concrete for shrinkage crack control, Journal of Materials Science
Letters, Volume 15, Issue 20, 15 October 1996, Pages 1828-1831.
[22] Naaman, A.E., Garcia, S., Korkmaz, M., Li, V.C, Investigation of the
use of carpet waste PP fibers in concrete, Proceedings of the Materials
Engineering Conference, Volume 1, 1996, Pages 799-808.
[23] Balaguru PN, Shah SP. Fiber reinforced cement composites. New York:
McGraw-Hill, Inc, 1992:367p.
[24] S. Kumar, M. B. Polk, and Y. Wang, Fundamental studies on the
utilization of carpet waste, presented at the SMART (Secondary
Materials & Recycled Textiles, An International Association) 1994 Mid-
Year Conference July, 1994, Atlanta, GA.
[25] Terro MJ, Hamoush SA. Behavior of confined normal-weight concrete
under elevated temperature conditions. ACI Materials Journal
1997;94(2):83-9.
[26] Terro MJ, Sawan J. Compressive strength of concrete made with silica
fume under elevated temperature conditions. Kuwait Journal of Science
& Engineering 1998;25(1):129-44.
[27] Kalifa P, Menneteau FD, Quenard D. Spalling and pore pressure in HPC
at high temperatures. Cement and Concrete Research 2000;30(12):1915-
27.
[28] Saad M, Abo-El-Ein SA, Hanna GB, Kotkata MF. Effect of temperature
on physical and mechanical properties of concrete containing silica
fume. Cement and Concrete Research 1996;26(5):669-75.
[29] Xu Y, Wong YL, Poon CS, Anson M. Impact of high temperature on
PFA concrete. Cement and Concrete Research 2001;31(7):1065-73.
[30] Kodur VKR, Wang TC, Cheng FP. Predicting the fire resistance
behaviour of high strength concrete columns. Cement and Concrete
Composites 2004;26(2):141-53.
[31] Poon CS, Azhar S, Anson M, Wong YL. Performance of metakaolin
concrete at elevated temperatures. Cement and Concrete Composites
2003;25(1):83-9.
[32] Savva A, Manita P, Sideris KK. Influence of elevated temperatures on
the mechanical properties of blended cement concretes prepared with
limestone and siliceous aggregates. Cement and Concrete Composites
2005;27(2):239-48.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:50468", author = "O. Alidoust and I. Sadrinejad and M. A. Ahmadi", title = "A Study on Cement-Based Composite Containing Polypropylene Fibers and Finely Ground Glass Exposed to Elevated Temperatures", abstract = "High strength concrete has been used in situations
where it may be exposed to elevated temperatures. Numerous authors
have shown the significant contribution of polypropylene fiber to the
spalling resistance of high strength concrete.
When cement-based composite that reinforced by polypropylene
fibers heated up to 170 °C, polypropylene fibers readily melt and
volatilize, creating additional porosity and small channels in to the
matrix that cause the poor structure and low strength.
This investigation develops on the mechanical properties of mortar
incorporating polypropylene fibers exposed to high temperature.
Also effects of different pozzolans on strength behaviour of samples
at elevated temperature have been studied.
To reach this purpose, the specimens were produced by partial
replacement of cement with finely ground glass, silica fume and rice
husk ash as high reactive pozzolans. The amount of this replacement
was 10% by weight of cement to find the effects of pozzolans as a
partial replacement of cement on the mechanical properties of
mortars. In this way, lots of mixtures with 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of
polypropylene fibers were cast and tested for compressive and
flexural strength, accordance to ASTM standard. After that
specimens being heated to temperatures of 300, 600 °C, respectively,
the mechanical properties of heated samples were tested.
Mechanical tests showed significant reduction in compressive
strength which could be due to polypropylene fiber melting. Also
pozzolans improve the mechanical properties of sampels.", keywords = "Mechanical properties, compressive strength,Flexural strength, pozzolanic behavior.", volume = "1", number = "10", pages = "94-6", }
