Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Addition in Diesel and Diesel-Biodiesel Blends on the Performance Characteristics of a CI Engine
An experimental investigation is carried out to
establish the performance characteristics of a compression ignition
engine while using cerium oxide nanoparticles as additive in neat
diesel and diesel-biodiesel blends. In the first phase of the
experiments, stability of neat diesel and diesel-biodiesel fuel blends
with the addition of cerium oxide nanoparticles is analyzed. After
series of experiments, it is found that the blends subjected to high
speed blending followed by ultrasonic bath stabilization improves the
stability. In the second phase, performance characteristics are studied
using the stable fuel blends in a single cylinder four stroke engine
coupled with an electrical dynamometer and a data acquisition
system. The cerium oxide acts as an oxygen donating catalyst and
provides oxygen for combustion. The activation energy of cerium
oxide acts to burn off carbon deposits within the engine cylinder at
the wall temperature and prevents the deposition of non-polar
compounds on the cylinder wall results reduction in HC emissions.
The tests revealed that cerium oxide nanoparticles can be used as
additive in diesel and diesel-biodiesel blends to improve complete
combustion of the fuel significantly.
[1] Prommes Kwancharareon, Apanee Luengnaruemitchai, Samai Jai-In.
2007. Solubility of a Diesel-Biodiesel-Ethanol Blend, Its Fuel
Properties, and Its Emission Characteristics from Diesel Engine. Fuel.
86: 1053-1061.
[2] Arul Mozhi Selvan V., Anand R.B., Udayakumar M. 2008. Stability and
Performance Characteristics of Diesohol Using Biodiesel as Additive in
Compression Ignition Engine. Proc. of the Int. conference on
Fascinating Advances in Mechanical Engineering, India. pp. 667-673.
[3] Heejung Jung, David B. Kittelson, Michael R. Zachariah. 2005. The
Influence of a Cerium Additive on Ultrafine Diesel Particulate
Emissions and Kinetics of Oxidation. Combustion and Flame. 142: 276-
288.
[4] Sanchez Escribano.V., Fernandez Lopez. E., Gallardo-Amores. J.M.,
Hoyo Martínez C. del., Pistarino.C, Panizza. M., Resini. C., Buscac. G.
2008. A Study of a Ceria-Zirconia-Supported Manganese Oxide Catalyst
for Combustion of Diesel Soot Particles. Combustion and Flame. 153:
97-104.
[5] Idriss H. 2004. Ethanol Reactions over the Surface of Noble
Metal/Cerium Oxide Catalysts. Platinum Metals Rev. 48(3): 105-115.
[6] Barry Park, Kenneth Donaldson, Rodger Duffin, Lang Tran, Frank
Kelly, Ian Mudway, Jean Paul Morin, Robin Guest, Peter Jenkinson,
Zissis Samaras, Myrsini Giannouli, Haris Kouridis, Patricia Martin,
2008. Hazard and Risk assessment of a Nanoparticulate Cerium Oxide
based Diesel Fuel Additive-A Case Study. Inhalation Toxicology. 20(6):
547-566.
[7] Melanie Auffan, Jerome Rose, Thierry Orsiere, Michel De Meo, Antoine
Thill, Ophelie Zeyons, Olivier Proux, Armand Masion, Perrine
Chaurand, Olivier Spalla, Alain Botta, Mark R. Wiesner, Jean-yves
Bottero. 2009. CeO2 Nanoparticles Induce DNA Damage towards
Human Dermal Fibroblasts in vitro. Nanotoxicology. DOI:
10.1080/17435390902788086.
[8] Ali Keskin, Metin Guru, Duran Altıparmak “Influence of Tall Oil
Biodiesel with Mg and Mo Based Fuel Additives on Diesel Engine
Performance and Emission” Ersin University, Turkey, Bio Resource
Technology 99 (2008) 6434–6438.
[9] ASTM D 445, “Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and
Opaque Liquids”.
[10] ASTM 97-05a, “Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products”.
[11] ASTM D92-05a, “Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Open Cup Tester”.
[12] Clark, S. L., Wagner, L. and Schrock, M. D. (1997). Methyl and Ethyl
Soybean as Renewable Fuels for Diesel Engine. JAOCS, 10: 632-637.
[1] Prommes Kwancharareon, Apanee Luengnaruemitchai, Samai Jai-In.
2007. Solubility of a Diesel-Biodiesel-Ethanol Blend, Its Fuel
Properties, and Its Emission Characteristics from Diesel Engine. Fuel.
86: 1053-1061.
[2] Arul Mozhi Selvan V., Anand R.B., Udayakumar M. 2008. Stability and
Performance Characteristics of Diesohol Using Biodiesel as Additive in
Compression Ignition Engine. Proc. of the Int. conference on
Fascinating Advances in Mechanical Engineering, India. pp. 667-673.
[3] Heejung Jung, David B. Kittelson, Michael R. Zachariah. 2005. The
Influence of a Cerium Additive on Ultrafine Diesel Particulate
Emissions and Kinetics of Oxidation. Combustion and Flame. 142: 276-
288.
[4] Sanchez Escribano.V., Fernandez Lopez. E., Gallardo-Amores. J.M.,
Hoyo Martínez C. del., Pistarino.C, Panizza. M., Resini. C., Buscac. G.
2008. A Study of a Ceria-Zirconia-Supported Manganese Oxide Catalyst
for Combustion of Diesel Soot Particles. Combustion and Flame. 153:
97-104.
[5] Idriss H. 2004. Ethanol Reactions over the Surface of Noble
Metal/Cerium Oxide Catalysts. Platinum Metals Rev. 48(3): 105-115.
[6] Barry Park, Kenneth Donaldson, Rodger Duffin, Lang Tran, Frank
Kelly, Ian Mudway, Jean Paul Morin, Robin Guest, Peter Jenkinson,
Zissis Samaras, Myrsini Giannouli, Haris Kouridis, Patricia Martin,
2008. Hazard and Risk assessment of a Nanoparticulate Cerium Oxide
based Diesel Fuel Additive-A Case Study. Inhalation Toxicology. 20(6):
547-566.
[7] Melanie Auffan, Jerome Rose, Thierry Orsiere, Michel De Meo, Antoine
Thill, Ophelie Zeyons, Olivier Proux, Armand Masion, Perrine
Chaurand, Olivier Spalla, Alain Botta, Mark R. Wiesner, Jean-yves
Bottero. 2009. CeO2 Nanoparticles Induce DNA Damage towards
Human Dermal Fibroblasts in vitro. Nanotoxicology. DOI:
10.1080/17435390902788086.
[8] Ali Keskin, Metin Guru, Duran Altıparmak “Influence of Tall Oil
Biodiesel with Mg and Mo Based Fuel Additives on Diesel Engine
Performance and Emission” Ersin University, Turkey, Bio Resource
Technology 99 (2008) 6434–6438.
[9] ASTM D 445, “Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and
Opaque Liquids”.
[10] ASTM 97-05a, “Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products”.
[11] ASTM D92-05a, “Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Open Cup Tester”.
[12] Clark, S. L., Wagner, L. and Schrock, M. D. (1997). Methyl and Ethyl
Soybean as Renewable Fuels for Diesel Engine. JAOCS, 10: 632-637.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:70620", author = "Abbas Alli Taghipoor Bafghi and Hosein Bakhoda and Fateme Khodaei Chegeni", title = "Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Addition in Diesel and Diesel-Biodiesel Blends on the Performance Characteristics of a CI Engine", abstract = "An experimental investigation is carried out to
establish the performance characteristics of a compression ignition
engine while using cerium oxide nanoparticles as additive in neat
diesel and diesel-biodiesel blends. In the first phase of the
experiments, stability of neat diesel and diesel-biodiesel fuel blends
with the addition of cerium oxide nanoparticles is analyzed. After
series of experiments, it is found that the blends subjected to high
speed blending followed by ultrasonic bath stabilization improves the
stability. In the second phase, performance characteristics are studied
using the stable fuel blends in a single cylinder four stroke engine
coupled with an electrical dynamometer and a data acquisition
system. The cerium oxide acts as an oxygen donating catalyst and
provides oxygen for combustion. The activation energy of cerium
oxide acts to burn off carbon deposits within the engine cylinder at
the wall temperature and prevents the deposition of non-polar
compounds on the cylinder wall results reduction in HC emissions.
The tests revealed that cerium oxide nanoparticles can be used as
additive in diesel and diesel-biodiesel blends to improve complete
combustion of the fuel significantly.", keywords = "Diesel engine, cerium oxide, diesel-biodiesel blends,
nanoparticles.", volume = "9", number = "8", pages = "1502-6", }