Hazards Assessment of Radon Exhalation Rate and Radium Content in the Soil Samples in Iraqi Kurdistan Using Passive and Active Detecting Methods
This study aims to assess the environmental hazards
from radon exhalation rate in the soil samples in selected locations in
Iraqi Kurdistan, using passive (CR-39NTDs) and active (RAD7)
detecting method. Radon concentration, effective radium content and
radon exhalation rate were estimated in soil samples that collected at
the depth level of 30 cm inside 124 houses. The results show that the
emanation rate for radon gas was variation from location to other,
depending on the geological formation. Most health risks come from
emanation of radon and its daughter due to its contribution for indoor
radon, so the results showed that there is a linear relationship
between the ratio of soil and indoor radon concentration (CSoil Rn222/
Cindoor Rn222) and the effective radium content in soil samples. The
results show that radon concentration has high and low values in
Hajyawa city and Er. Tyrawa Qr, respectively. A comparison
between our results with that mentioned in international reports was
done.
[1] J.Singh , H. Singh , S. Singh , B. Bajawa, Uranium, radium and radon
exhalation studies in some soil samples using plastic track detectors ,
Indian J. Phys. 83 (8) 1147-1153 (2009).
[2] S. Singh , D. Kumar , S.l Dhar, Uranium, Radium and Radon
Measurements in the Environs of Nurpur Area, Himachal Himalayas,
India, Environ Monit Assess , 128, 301-309, (2007).
[3] D. Bajawa , A K Goswami , I Laskar , Radon exhalation rate studies in
Makum coalfield area using track-etched detectors, Indian J. Phys. 83
(8) 1155-1162 (2009).
[4] A. Sroor, S.M. El-Bahi, F. Ahmed, A.S. Abdel-Haleem, Natural
radioactivity and radon exhalation rate of soil in southern Egypt, Applied
Radiation and Isotopes 55 ,873-879, (2001).
[5] Ismail A.H., Jaafar M. S., Experimental Measurements on CR-39
Response for Radon Gas and Estimating the Optimum Dimensions of
Dosimeters for Detection of Radon. Proceedings of the 3rd Asian
Physics Symposium, Bandung, Indonesia, July 22 - 23, pp.407-411,
(2009).
[6] V. Z. Hamza, M.N. Mohankumar, Cytogenetic damage in human blood
lymphocytes exposed in vitro to radon, Mutation Research,661, pp.1-9,
(2009).
[7] Ismail A. H , Study of change in the efficiency of CR-39 after storage for
different product companies by using TRACK_TEST program, Nuclear
Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 267 ,3209-3213,
(2009).
[8] A.F. Hafez, A.S. Hussein, N.M. Rasheed. A study of radon and thoron
release from Egyptian building materials using polymeric nuclear track
detectors, Applied Radiation and Isotopes 54 (2001)
[9] Abu-Jarad, F.. Application of nuclear track detectors for radon related
measurements. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, 15(1-4),
525, (1988)
[10] Khan, A. J., Prasad, R., & Tyagi, R. K. , Measurement of radon
exhalation rate from some building materials. Nuclear Tracks and
Radiation Measurements, 20, 609 -10, (1992).
[11] Somogyi, G.. The environmental behaviour of radium. Technical reports
series no. 310, vol.1, IAEA, Vienna, 229-256, (1990).
[12] Ur-R. Shafi, Matiullah, Ur-R. Shakeel, Ur-R. Said, Studying 222Rn
exhalation rate from soil and sand samples using CR-39 detector,
Radiation Measurements 41 , 708 - 713, (2006).
[13] A. I. Mohammad, Khalid M. Abumurad , Evaluation of radon gas
concentration in the air of soil and dwellings of Hawar and Foara
villages, using (CR-39) detectors, Radiation Measurements 43 , S452-
S455, (2008).
[1] J.Singh , H. Singh , S. Singh , B. Bajawa, Uranium, radium and radon
exhalation studies in some soil samples using plastic track detectors ,
Indian J. Phys. 83 (8) 1147-1153 (2009).
[2] S. Singh , D. Kumar , S.l Dhar, Uranium, Radium and Radon
Measurements in the Environs of Nurpur Area, Himachal Himalayas,
India, Environ Monit Assess , 128, 301-309, (2007).
[3] D. Bajawa , A K Goswami , I Laskar , Radon exhalation rate studies in
Makum coalfield area using track-etched detectors, Indian J. Phys. 83
(8) 1155-1162 (2009).
[4] A. Sroor, S.M. El-Bahi, F. Ahmed, A.S. Abdel-Haleem, Natural
radioactivity and radon exhalation rate of soil in southern Egypt, Applied
Radiation and Isotopes 55 ,873-879, (2001).
[5] Ismail A.H., Jaafar M. S., Experimental Measurements on CR-39
Response for Radon Gas and Estimating the Optimum Dimensions of
Dosimeters for Detection of Radon. Proceedings of the 3rd Asian
Physics Symposium, Bandung, Indonesia, July 22 - 23, pp.407-411,
(2009).
[6] V. Z. Hamza, M.N. Mohankumar, Cytogenetic damage in human blood
lymphocytes exposed in vitro to radon, Mutation Research,661, pp.1-9,
(2009).
[7] Ismail A. H , Study of change in the efficiency of CR-39 after storage for
different product companies by using TRACK_TEST program, Nuclear
Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 267 ,3209-3213,
(2009).
[8] A.F. Hafez, A.S. Hussein, N.M. Rasheed. A study of radon and thoron
release from Egyptian building materials using polymeric nuclear track
detectors, Applied Radiation and Isotopes 54 (2001)
[9] Abu-Jarad, F.. Application of nuclear track detectors for radon related
measurements. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, 15(1-4),
525, (1988)
[10] Khan, A. J., Prasad, R., & Tyagi, R. K. , Measurement of radon
exhalation rate from some building materials. Nuclear Tracks and
Radiation Measurements, 20, 609 -10, (1992).
[11] Somogyi, G.. The environmental behaviour of radium. Technical reports
series no. 310, vol.1, IAEA, Vienna, 229-256, (1990).
[12] Ur-R. Shafi, Matiullah, Ur-R. Shakeel, Ur-R. Said, Studying 222Rn
exhalation rate from soil and sand samples using CR-39 detector,
Radiation Measurements 41 , 708 - 713, (2006).
[13] A. I. Mohammad, Khalid M. Abumurad , Evaluation of radon gas
concentration in the air of soil and dwellings of Hawar and Foara
villages, using (CR-39) detectors, Radiation Measurements 43 , S452-
S455, (2008).
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:63493", author = "Asaad H. Ismail and Mohamad S. Jaafar", title = "Hazards Assessment of Radon Exhalation Rate and Radium Content in the Soil Samples in Iraqi Kurdistan Using Passive and Active Detecting Methods", abstract = "This study aims to assess the environmental hazards
from radon exhalation rate in the soil samples in selected locations in
Iraqi Kurdistan, using passive (CR-39NTDs) and active (RAD7)
detecting method. Radon concentration, effective radium content and
radon exhalation rate were estimated in soil samples that collected at
the depth level of 30 cm inside 124 houses. The results show that the
emanation rate for radon gas was variation from location to other,
depending on the geological formation. Most health risks come from
emanation of radon and its daughter due to its contribution for indoor
radon, so the results showed that there is a linear relationship
between the ratio of soil and indoor radon concentration (CSoil Rn222/
Cindoor Rn222) and the effective radium content in soil samples. The
results show that radon concentration has high and low values in
Hajyawa city and Er. Tyrawa Qr, respectively. A comparison
between our results with that mentioned in international reports was
done.", keywords = "Radon, CR-39NTDs, RAD7, Soil, Iraqi Kurdistan.", volume = "4", number = "10", pages = "493-4", }