Effect of Lime on the California Bearing Ratio Behaviour of Fly Ash - mine Overburden Mixes
Typically thermal power plants are located near to
surface coal mines that produce huge amount of fly ash as a waste
byproduct. Disposal of fly ash causes significant economic and
environmental problems. Now-a-days, research is going on for bulk
utilization of fly ash. In order to increase its percentage utilization, an
investigation was carried out to evaluate its potential for haul road
construction. This paper presents the laboratory California bearing
ratio (CBR) tests and evaluates the effect of lime on CBR behavior of
fly ash - mine overburden mixes. Tests were performed with different
percentages of lime (2%, 3%, 6%, and 9%). The results show that the
increase in bearing ratio of fly ash-overburden mixes was achieved
by lime treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses
were conducted on 28 days cured specimens. The SEM study showed
that the bearing ratio development is related to the microstructural
development.
[1] M. Ahmaruzzaman, "A review on the utilization of fly ash," Progress in
Energy and Combustion Science J., vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 327-363, Jun.
2010.
[2] N. S. Pandian, A. Sridharan and S. Srinivas, "Angle of internal friction
for pond ashes," Testing and evaluation J., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 443-454,
Nov. 2000.
[3] F. G. Bell, "Lime stabilization of clay minerals and soils," Engineering
Geology J., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 223-237, Jul. 1996.
[4] N. C. Consoli, P. D. M. Prietto, J. A. H. Carraro and K. S. Heineck,
"Behavior of compacted soil-fly ash-carbide lime mixtures," ASCE J.
Geotech. and Geoenviron. Engg., vol. 127, no. 7, pp. 774-782, Sept.
2001.
[5] H. A. Acosta, T. B. Edil and C. H. Benson, "Soil stabilization and drying
using fly ash," Geo Engineering Report No. 03-03, Geo Engineering
Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA, Jan. 2003.
[6] S. O. Faluyi and O. O. Amu, "Effects of Lime Stabilization on the pH
Values of Lateritic Soils in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria," Applied Sciences J., vol.
5, no. 1, pp. 192-194, 2005.
[7] G. Rajasekaran, "Sulphate attack and ettringite formation in the lime and
cement stabilized marine clays," Ocean Engineering J., vol. 32, no. 8-9,
pp. 1133-1159, Jun. 2005.
[8] R. K. Goswami and C. Mahanta, "Leaching characteristics of residual
lateritic soils stabilised with fly ash and lime for geotechnical
applications", Waste Management J., vol. 27, no. 4, pp 466-481, 2007.
[9] A. Ghosh and U. Dey, "Bearing ratio of reinforced fly ash overlying soft
soil and deformation modulus of fly ash," Geotextiles and
Geomembranes J., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 313-320, Aug. 2009.
[10] R. Mackos, T. Butalia, W. Wolfe and H. W. Walker, "Use of limeactivated
class F fly ash in the full depth reclamation of asphalt
pavements: environmental aspects," Proceedings of World of Coal Ash
Conference -09, Lexington, Kentucky, USA, paper no 121, May 2009.
[11] R. Ulusay, F. Arlkan, M. F. Yoleri and D. Caglan, "Engineering
geological characterization of coal mine waste material and an
evaluation in the context of back-analysis of spoil pile instabilities in a
strip mine, SW Turkey," Engineering Geology J., vol. 40, no. 1-2, pp.
77-101, Nov. 1995.
[12] IS: 2720 Part 8, "Laboratory determination of water content - dry
density relation using heavy compaction", Indian Standard methods of
test for soils, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, pp. 1-9, 1983.
[13] IS: 2720 Part 16, "Laboratory determination of CBR", Indian Standard
methods of test for soils, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, pp. 1-
15, 1987.
[14] B. Cetina, A. H. Aydilekb and Y. Guneyc, "Stabilization of recycled
base materials with high carbon fly ash," Resources, Conservation and
Recycling J., vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 878-892, Sept. 2010.
[1] M. Ahmaruzzaman, "A review on the utilization of fly ash," Progress in
Energy and Combustion Science J., vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 327-363, Jun.
2010.
[2] N. S. Pandian, A. Sridharan and S. Srinivas, "Angle of internal friction
for pond ashes," Testing and evaluation J., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 443-454,
Nov. 2000.
[3] F. G. Bell, "Lime stabilization of clay minerals and soils," Engineering
Geology J., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 223-237, Jul. 1996.
[4] N. C. Consoli, P. D. M. Prietto, J. A. H. Carraro and K. S. Heineck,
"Behavior of compacted soil-fly ash-carbide lime mixtures," ASCE J.
Geotech. and Geoenviron. Engg., vol. 127, no. 7, pp. 774-782, Sept.
2001.
[5] H. A. Acosta, T. B. Edil and C. H. Benson, "Soil stabilization and drying
using fly ash," Geo Engineering Report No. 03-03, Geo Engineering
Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA, Jan. 2003.
[6] S. O. Faluyi and O. O. Amu, "Effects of Lime Stabilization on the pH
Values of Lateritic Soils in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria," Applied Sciences J., vol.
5, no. 1, pp. 192-194, 2005.
[7] G. Rajasekaran, "Sulphate attack and ettringite formation in the lime and
cement stabilized marine clays," Ocean Engineering J., vol. 32, no. 8-9,
pp. 1133-1159, Jun. 2005.
[8] R. K. Goswami and C. Mahanta, "Leaching characteristics of residual
lateritic soils stabilised with fly ash and lime for geotechnical
applications", Waste Management J., vol. 27, no. 4, pp 466-481, 2007.
[9] A. Ghosh and U. Dey, "Bearing ratio of reinforced fly ash overlying soft
soil and deformation modulus of fly ash," Geotextiles and
Geomembranes J., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 313-320, Aug. 2009.
[10] R. Mackos, T. Butalia, W. Wolfe and H. W. Walker, "Use of limeactivated
class F fly ash in the full depth reclamation of asphalt
pavements: environmental aspects," Proceedings of World of Coal Ash
Conference -09, Lexington, Kentucky, USA, paper no 121, May 2009.
[11] R. Ulusay, F. Arlkan, M. F. Yoleri and D. Caglan, "Engineering
geological characterization of coal mine waste material and an
evaluation in the context of back-analysis of spoil pile instabilities in a
strip mine, SW Turkey," Engineering Geology J., vol. 40, no. 1-2, pp.
77-101, Nov. 1995.
[12] IS: 2720 Part 8, "Laboratory determination of water content - dry
density relation using heavy compaction", Indian Standard methods of
test for soils, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, pp. 1-9, 1983.
[13] IS: 2720 Part 16, "Laboratory determination of CBR", Indian Standard
methods of test for soils, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, pp. 1-
15, 1987.
[14] B. Cetina, A. H. Aydilekb and Y. Guneyc, "Stabilization of recycled
base materials with high carbon fly ash," Resources, Conservation and
Recycling J., vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 878-892, Sept. 2010.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:53568", author = "B. Behera and M. K. Mishra", title = "Effect of Lime on the California Bearing Ratio Behaviour of Fly Ash - mine Overburden Mixes", abstract = "Typically thermal power plants are located near to
surface coal mines that produce huge amount of fly ash as a waste
byproduct. Disposal of fly ash causes significant economic and
environmental problems. Now-a-days, research is going on for bulk
utilization of fly ash. In order to increase its percentage utilization, an
investigation was carried out to evaluate its potential for haul road
construction. This paper presents the laboratory California bearing
ratio (CBR) tests and evaluates the effect of lime on CBR behavior of
fly ash - mine overburden mixes. Tests were performed with different
percentages of lime (2%, 3%, 6%, and 9%). The results show that the
increase in bearing ratio of fly ash-overburden mixes was achieved
by lime treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses
were conducted on 28 days cured specimens. The SEM study showed
that the bearing ratio development is related to the microstructural
development.", keywords = "California bearing ratio, Fly ash, Mine overburden,Lime.", volume = "5", number = "3", pages = "155-6", }