Utilization of Glycerol Derived from Jatropha-s Biodiesel Production as a Cement Grinding Aid
Biodiesel production results in glycerol production as
the main by-product in biodiesel industry.One of the utilizations of
glycerol obtained from biodiesel production is as a cement grinding
aid (CGA). Results showed that crude glycerol content was 40.19%
whereas pure glycerol content was 82.15%. BSS value of the cement
with CGA supplementation was higher than that of nonsupplemented
cement (blank) indicating that CGA-supplemented
cement had higher fineness than the non-supplemented one. It was
also found that pure glycerol 95% and TEA 5% at 80ºC was the
optimum CGA used to result in finest cement with BSS value of
4.836 cm2/g. Residue test showed that the smallest percent residue
value (0.11%) was obtained in cement with supplementation of pure
glycerol 95% and TEA 5%. Results of residue test confirmed those of
BSS test showing that cement with supplementation of pure glycerol
95% and TEA 5% had the finest particle size.
[1] M.A. Dasari. Catalytic conversion of glycerol and sugar alcohols to
value-added product. Universitiy of Missouri, 2006.
[2] K.S. Tyson. Biodiesel R&D Potential. National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Montana, 2003.
[3] L. Sottili, D. Padovani, and A. Bravo. Mechanism of action of grinding
aids in the cement production. Cement Build Mater 2002, 9: 40-43.
[4] P. Jost and J.M. Schrabback. Creative grinding solutions. Reprint of
International Cemet Review, 2007.
[5] J. Zheng, C.C. Harris, and P. Somasundaran. The effect of additive on
stirred media milling of limestone, Powder Technol. 1997, 91: 173-179.
[6] H. Mingzhao, Y. Wang, and E. Forssberg. Parameter effects on wet
ultrafine grinding of limestone through slurry rheology in a stirred
media mill. Powder Technol. 2006, 161: 10-21.
[7] W. Oettel and K. Husemann. The effect of a grinding aid on
comminution of fine limestone particle beds with single compressive
load. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2004, 74S: S239-S248.
[8] G.C. Cordeiro, R.D.T Filho, L.M. Tavares, and E.M.R. Fairbairn.
Ultrafine grinding of sugar cane bagasse ash for application as
pozzolanic admixture in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research.
2009, 39: 110-115.
[9] X. Gao, Y. Yang, and H. Deng. Utilization of beet molasses as a
grinding aid in blended cements. Construction and Building Materials.
2011, 25: 3782-3789.
[10] D. Heinz, M. Gobel, H. Hilbig, L. Urbonas, and G. Bujauskaite. Effect
of TEA on fly ash solubility and early age strength of mortar. Cement
and Concrete Research. 2010, 40: 392-397.
[11] I. Teoreanu and G. Guslicov. Mechanisms and effects of additive from
the dihydroxy-compound class on Portland cement grinding. Cement
and Concrete Research. 1999, 29: 9-15.
[12] A.A. Jeknavorian, E.F. Barry, and F. Serafin. Determination of grinding
aids in Portland cement by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry. Cement and Concrete Research. 1998, 28: 1335-1345.
[13] M. Hasegawa, M. Kimata, M. Shimane, T. Shoji, and M. Tsuruta. The
effect of liquid additives on dry ultrafine grinding of quartz. Powder
Technol. 2011, 114: 145-151.
[14] A.T. Albayrak, M. Yasar, M.A. Gurkaynak, and I. Gurgey. Investigation
of the effects of fatty acids on the compressive strength of the concrete
and the grindability of the cement. Cement and Concrete Research.
2005, 35: 400-404.
[15] M. Katsioti, P.E. Tsakiridis, P. Giannatos, Z. Tsibouki, and J. Marinos.
Characterization of various cement grinding aids and their impact on
grindability and cement performance. Construction and Building
Materials. 2009, 23: 1954-1959.
[16] L. A. Jardine, C. Porteneuve, and G. Blond. Biomass-Derived Grinding
Aids. US Patent No. 0272554, 2006.
[17] T. Kocsisová and J. Cvengroš. G-phase from methyl ester productionsplitting
and refining. Petroleum & Coal 2006, 48(2): 1-5.
[18] T.L. Ooi, K.C. Yong, K. Dzulkefly, W.M.Z. Wan Yunus, and A.H.
Hazimah. Crude Glycerine Recovery from Glycerol Residue Waste from
a Palm Kernel Oil Methyl Ester Plant. J Oil Palm Res 2001, 13: 16-22.
[19] SNI. 1995. SNI 06-1564-1995: Gliserol Kasar (Crude Glycerine).
Jakarta: Dewan Standardisasi Nasional.
[20] B. Tran and S. Bhattacharja. Glycerin by-product and methods of using
same. US Patent No. 0221764, 2007.
[21] L.A. Jardine, C.R. Cornman, V. Gupta, and B.W. Chun. Liquid
Additive for Intergrinding cement. US Patent No. 0169177, 2006.
[22] O. Bernard. Cement Grinding Aids. France: Chryso, 2004.
[23] Y.M. Zhang and T.J. Napier. Effect of particle size distribution, surface
area, and chemical composition on Portland cement strength. Powder
Technol . 1995, 83: 245-252.
[24] ASTM C150-049. Standard specification for Portland cement.
American Society for Testing and Materials.
[25] Urs. Maeder, D. Honert, and B. Marazzani. Cement Grinding Aid. US
Patent No. 0227890, 2008.
[26] B. Anna, C. Tiziano , G. Mariagrazia, M. Matteo. Grinding aids: a study
on their mechanism of action.Mapei 2001, 22: 1-10.
[1] M.A. Dasari. Catalytic conversion of glycerol and sugar alcohols to
value-added product. Universitiy of Missouri, 2006.
[2] K.S. Tyson. Biodiesel R&D Potential. National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Montana, 2003.
[3] L. Sottili, D. Padovani, and A. Bravo. Mechanism of action of grinding
aids in the cement production. Cement Build Mater 2002, 9: 40-43.
[4] P. Jost and J.M. Schrabback. Creative grinding solutions. Reprint of
International Cemet Review, 2007.
[5] J. Zheng, C.C. Harris, and P. Somasundaran. The effect of additive on
stirred media milling of limestone, Powder Technol. 1997, 91: 173-179.
[6] H. Mingzhao, Y. Wang, and E. Forssberg. Parameter effects on wet
ultrafine grinding of limestone through slurry rheology in a stirred
media mill. Powder Technol. 2006, 161: 10-21.
[7] W. Oettel and K. Husemann. The effect of a grinding aid on
comminution of fine limestone particle beds with single compressive
load. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2004, 74S: S239-S248.
[8] G.C. Cordeiro, R.D.T Filho, L.M. Tavares, and E.M.R. Fairbairn.
Ultrafine grinding of sugar cane bagasse ash for application as
pozzolanic admixture in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research.
2009, 39: 110-115.
[9] X. Gao, Y. Yang, and H. Deng. Utilization of beet molasses as a
grinding aid in blended cements. Construction and Building Materials.
2011, 25: 3782-3789.
[10] D. Heinz, M. Gobel, H. Hilbig, L. Urbonas, and G. Bujauskaite. Effect
of TEA on fly ash solubility and early age strength of mortar. Cement
and Concrete Research. 2010, 40: 392-397.
[11] I. Teoreanu and G. Guslicov. Mechanisms and effects of additive from
the dihydroxy-compound class on Portland cement grinding. Cement
and Concrete Research. 1999, 29: 9-15.
[12] A.A. Jeknavorian, E.F. Barry, and F. Serafin. Determination of grinding
aids in Portland cement by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry. Cement and Concrete Research. 1998, 28: 1335-1345.
[13] M. Hasegawa, M. Kimata, M. Shimane, T. Shoji, and M. Tsuruta. The
effect of liquid additives on dry ultrafine grinding of quartz. Powder
Technol. 2011, 114: 145-151.
[14] A.T. Albayrak, M. Yasar, M.A. Gurkaynak, and I. Gurgey. Investigation
of the effects of fatty acids on the compressive strength of the concrete
and the grindability of the cement. Cement and Concrete Research.
2005, 35: 400-404.
[15] M. Katsioti, P.E. Tsakiridis, P. Giannatos, Z. Tsibouki, and J. Marinos.
Characterization of various cement grinding aids and their impact on
grindability and cement performance. Construction and Building
Materials. 2009, 23: 1954-1959.
[16] L. A. Jardine, C. Porteneuve, and G. Blond. Biomass-Derived Grinding
Aids. US Patent No. 0272554, 2006.
[17] T. Kocsisová and J. Cvengroš. G-phase from methyl ester productionsplitting
and refining. Petroleum & Coal 2006, 48(2): 1-5.
[18] T.L. Ooi, K.C. Yong, K. Dzulkefly, W.M.Z. Wan Yunus, and A.H.
Hazimah. Crude Glycerine Recovery from Glycerol Residue Waste from
a Palm Kernel Oil Methyl Ester Plant. J Oil Palm Res 2001, 13: 16-22.
[19] SNI. 1995. SNI 06-1564-1995: Gliserol Kasar (Crude Glycerine).
Jakarta: Dewan Standardisasi Nasional.
[20] B. Tran and S. Bhattacharja. Glycerin by-product and methods of using
same. US Patent No. 0221764, 2007.
[21] L.A. Jardine, C.R. Cornman, V. Gupta, and B.W. Chun. Liquid
Additive for Intergrinding cement. US Patent No. 0169177, 2006.
[22] O. Bernard. Cement Grinding Aids. France: Chryso, 2004.
[23] Y.M. Zhang and T.J. Napier. Effect of particle size distribution, surface
area, and chemical composition on Portland cement strength. Powder
Technol . 1995, 83: 245-252.
[24] ASTM C150-049. Standard specification for Portland cement.
American Society for Testing and Materials.
[25] Urs. Maeder, D. Honert, and B. Marazzani. Cement Grinding Aid. US
Patent No. 0227890, 2008.
[26] B. Anna, C. Tiziano , G. Mariagrazia, M. Matteo. Grinding aids: a study
on their mechanism of action.Mapei 2001, 22: 1-10.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:50796", author = "O. Farobie and S S. Achmadi and L K. Darusman", title = "Utilization of Glycerol Derived from Jatropha-s Biodiesel Production as a Cement Grinding Aid", abstract = "Biodiesel production results in glycerol production as
the main by-product in biodiesel industry.One of the utilizations of
glycerol obtained from biodiesel production is as a cement grinding
aid (CGA). Results showed that crude glycerol content was 40.19%
whereas pure glycerol content was 82.15%. BSS value of the cement
with CGA supplementation was higher than that of nonsupplemented
cement (blank) indicating that CGA-supplemented
cement had higher fineness than the non-supplemented one. It was
also found that pure glycerol 95% and TEA 5% at 80ºC was the
optimum CGA used to result in finest cement with BSS value of
4.836 cm2/g. Residue test showed that the smallest percent residue
value (0.11%) was obtained in cement with supplementation of pure
glycerol 95% and TEA 5%. Results of residue test confirmed those of
BSS test showing that cement with supplementation of pure glycerol
95% and TEA 5% had the finest particle size.", keywords = "biodiesel, cement grinding aid, glycerol, Jatropha
curcas", volume = "6", number = "3", pages = "184-6", }
