Toward Strengthening Social Resilience: A Case Study on Recovery of Capture Fisheries after Asia's Tsunami in Aceh, Indonesia
Social resilience has role to govern the local community and coastal fisheries resources toward sustainable fisheries development in tsunami affected area. This paper asses, explore and investigates of indigenous institutions, external and internal facilitators toward strengthening social resilience. Identification of the genuine organizations role had been conducted twice by using Rapid Assessment Appraisal, Focus Group Discussion, and in-depth interview for collecting primary and secondary data. Local wisdom had a contribution and adaptable to rebound social resilience. The Panglima Laot Lhok (sea commander) had determined and adapted role on recovery of the fishing community, particularly facilitated aid delivery to fishermen, as shown in anchovy fisheries relief case in Krueng Raya Bay. Toke Bangku (financial trader) had stimulated for reinforcement of advance payment and market channel. The other institutions supported upon linking and bridging connectivity among stakeholders. Collaborative governance can avoid conflict, reduce donor dependency and strengthen social resilience within fishing community.
[1] USGS,"Magnitude 9.1-off the West Coast of Northern Sumatra," 2004.
Available at:
(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2004/us2004slav/)
, Accessed on March 25, 2012.
[2] E. Scheper, S. Patel, and A. Parakrama," Impact of the tsunami response
on local and national capacities," Tsunami Evaluation Coalition Report,
2006. Available at: (http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDACN514.pdf),
Accessed on March 24, 2012.
[3] World Bank, "Report: on response to the tsunami disaster," 2005.
Avalaible at: (worldbank.org/COUNTRIES/.../tsunamireport-020205....)
on 6 June 2012.
[4] M. Philip, and A. Budiman," FAO report: an assessment of the impacts
of the earthquake and tsunami of the 26th December 2004 on
aquaculture in the Province of Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia,",
2005. Available at:
(ftp://ftp.fao.org/fi/document/tsunamis_05/indonesia/cons_miss_rep/Phi
llips_Budhiman_Mar_05.pdf), Accessed on April 2, 2012.
[5] The Consultative Group of Indonesia, "Report: Indonesia: Preliminary
Damage and Loss Assessment The December 26, 2004 Natural
Disaster," 2005. Available at:
(http://www.unep.org/tsunami/reports/damage_assessment.pdf),
Accessed on April 12, 2012.
[6] FAO,"Report: Rehabilitation and sustainable development of fisheries
and aquaculture affected by the tsunami in Aceh Province, Indonesia,"
2010. Available at:
(http://typo3.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/oed/docs/OSROINS601AR
C_2010_ER.pdf), Accessed on June 13, 2012.
[7] R. Langridge, J. Christian-Smith, and K. A. Lohse,". Access and
resilience: analyzing the construction of social resilience to the threat of
water scarcity," Ecology and Society, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 18, 2006.
[8] E. Ostrom,"The challenge of common-pool resources," Environment:
Science and Policy Development, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 8-21, 2008.
[9] M.V. Noorwijk, S. Budidarsono, L. Joshi, and E. Nugraha,"The tsunami
as test of resilience of coastal livelihood in Aceh: overview of an
integrated natural resources management approach to rehabilitation,"
November 2006. Available at:
(http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/wnew/
Updates/aceh30nov06.asp), Accessed on June 15, 2012.
[10] Google Maps," Aceh Besar Regency. Available at:
(https://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&q=aceh+besar+map&aq=0L&ie
=UTF-8), Accessed on February 10, 2012.
[11] BNPB, "Pedoman Umum Pengkajian Risiko Bencana, "Peraturan
Kepala Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana, Nomor 02 Tahun
2012, 2012. Available at:
(http://bnpb.go.id/website/file/publikasi/435.PDF), Accessed on June
13, 2012.
[12] DFID, Department for International Development," Sustainable
livelihood guidance sheets," London, 1999. Available at:
(http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0901/), Accessed on
June 15, 2012.
[13] Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Aceh,"Perikanan Dalam
Angka," 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010. Unpublished.
[14] L.R. Garces, M.D. Pido, R.S. Pomeroy, S. Koeshendrajana, B.I.
Prisantoso, N.A. Fatan, D. Adhuri, T. Raiful, S. Rizal, A. Tewfik, and
M. Dey," Rapid assessment of community needs and fisheries status in
tsunami-affected communities in Aceh Province, Indonesia," Ocean and
Coastal Management, vol. 53. Pp. 69-79, 2010.
[15] M.T. Gibbs, "Resilience: What is it and what does it mean for marine
policymakers?," Marine Policy, vol. 33, pp. 322-332, 2009.
[16] UNDP and Consortium CCMRS IPB-LEIMA,"Villages planning
pembangunan desa,"2006, Unpublished.
[17] BRR NAD-Nias, BPS, ADB, and ihs,"Kerangka peta 3: Nanggroe Aceh
Darussalam dan Nias,"2006, Unpublished.
[18] R.G. Grafton, "Social capital and fisheries, "Ocean and Coastal
Management, vol. 48, pp. 753-766, 2005.
[19] J.T. Cacioppo, H.T. Reis, and A.J. Zautra,"Social resilience: the value
of social fitness with an application to military," American Psychology
Association, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 43-51, 2011.
[20] G.P. Green and A. Haines, "asset building and community development,
"Thousand Oaks, CA, 2002.
[21] R.D. Putnam, "Bowling alone: America's declining social capital,
"Journal of Democracy, vol. 6, no.1, pp. 65-78, 1995.
[22] F. Berkes,"From community based resources management to complex
system," Ecology and Society, vol. 11, no. 1, 2006. Available at:
(www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol11/iss1/art45/ES-2005-1431.pdf),
Acces on June 24, 2012.
[23] A. Solihin, M.A.A. Amin, and D.I. Hartato," Praktek pengelolaan
sumberdaya perikanan berbasis kearifan lokal," in kontruksi lokal
pembangunan sumberdaya perikanan indonesia," in Konstruksi Lokal
Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Perikanan di Indonesia, L. Adrianto, Ed.
Bogor: IPB Press, 2011, pp. 44-55.
[24] J. Birkmann, et al,"Addressing the Challenge: Recommendations and
Quality Criteria for Linking Disaster Risk Reduction and Adaptation to
Climate Change," in: J. Birkmann, Joern, Tetzlaff, Gerd, Zentel, Karl-
Otto (eds.), Bonn: DKKV Publication Series 38, 2009.
[25] J.J. Bogardi,"Resilience building: from knowledge to action," Presented
to the Summer Academy of UNU: EHS, 2006. Available at: (URL:
http://www.ehs.unu.edu/file.php?id=184), Access on June 25, 2012.
[26] S.L. Cutter, B.J. Boruff, and W.L. Shirley," Social vulnerability to
environmental hazards," Social Science Quarterly, vol. 84, no. 2, pp.
243-261, 2003.
[27] Consortiun CCMPR-LEIMA,"Final Report: Fisheries Livelihood
Recovery Program in Aceh Besar,"Final Report, 2007, Unpublished.
[28] I. Davis," Observations on Building and Maintaining Resilient
Buildings and Human Settlements to withstand Disaster Impact,
"Present at International Conference on built environment issues in
small island states and territories, Jamaica: the Faculty of the Built
Environment, University of Technology, 2005. Available at:
(http://www.caymanprepared.gov.ky/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/NEMHOM
E/RESOURCES/PUBLICATIONS/DISASTERMITIGATION/IDAVISR
ECOM.PDF), Accesses on June 29, 2012.
[29] E. Ostrom,"Governing the Common: The Evolution of Institution for
Collective Action," Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, ch.
2.
[30] T. Nurasa, N. Naamin, and R. Basuki,"The role of Panglima Laot "Sea
Commander" System in coastal fisheries management in Aceh,
Indonesia," in Proc. Twenty Second IPFC Fisheries Symposium,
Bangkok, 1993, pp. 395-405.
[31] G. Sapirstein,"Social resilience: the forgotten dimension in disaster risk
reduction,"Jamba-Quarterly Bulletin, African : Center for Disaster
Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 54-63, 2006. (Available at:
http://acds.co.za/jamba_vol1_no1.pdf), Accessed on April 20, 2012.
[32] W.N. Adger,"Social and ecological resilience: are they related?,
"Progress in Human Geography, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 347-364, 2000.
[33] Equal,"A Project Cycle Management and Logical Framework Toolkit: A
practical guide for Equal Development Partnerships. Available at :
(http://portals.wi.wur.nl/files/docs/ppme/gpg_pcm_toolkit[1].pdf),
Accesses on June 23, 2012.
[1] USGS,"Magnitude 9.1-off the West Coast of Northern Sumatra," 2004.
Available at:
(http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2004/us2004slav/)
, Accessed on March 25, 2012.
[2] E. Scheper, S. Patel, and A. Parakrama," Impact of the tsunami response
on local and national capacities," Tsunami Evaluation Coalition Report,
2006. Available at: (http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDACN514.pdf),
Accessed on March 24, 2012.
[3] World Bank, "Report: on response to the tsunami disaster," 2005.
Avalaible at: (worldbank.org/COUNTRIES/.../tsunamireport-020205....)
on 6 June 2012.
[4] M. Philip, and A. Budiman," FAO report: an assessment of the impacts
of the earthquake and tsunami of the 26th December 2004 on
aquaculture in the Province of Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia,",
2005. Available at:
(ftp://ftp.fao.org/fi/document/tsunamis_05/indonesia/cons_miss_rep/Phi
llips_Budhiman_Mar_05.pdf), Accessed on April 2, 2012.
[5] The Consultative Group of Indonesia, "Report: Indonesia: Preliminary
Damage and Loss Assessment The December 26, 2004 Natural
Disaster," 2005. Available at:
(http://www.unep.org/tsunami/reports/damage_assessment.pdf),
Accessed on April 12, 2012.
[6] FAO,"Report: Rehabilitation and sustainable development of fisheries
and aquaculture affected by the tsunami in Aceh Province, Indonesia,"
2010. Available at:
(http://typo3.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/oed/docs/OSROINS601AR
C_2010_ER.pdf), Accessed on June 13, 2012.
[7] R. Langridge, J. Christian-Smith, and K. A. Lohse,". Access and
resilience: analyzing the construction of social resilience to the threat of
water scarcity," Ecology and Society, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 18, 2006.
[8] E. Ostrom,"The challenge of common-pool resources," Environment:
Science and Policy Development, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 8-21, 2008.
[9] M.V. Noorwijk, S. Budidarsono, L. Joshi, and E. Nugraha,"The tsunami
as test of resilience of coastal livelihood in Aceh: overview of an
integrated natural resources management approach to rehabilitation,"
November 2006. Available at:
(http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/wnew/
Updates/aceh30nov06.asp), Accessed on June 15, 2012.
[10] Google Maps," Aceh Besar Regency. Available at:
(https://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&q=aceh+besar+map&aq=0L&ie
=UTF-8), Accessed on February 10, 2012.
[11] BNPB, "Pedoman Umum Pengkajian Risiko Bencana, "Peraturan
Kepala Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana, Nomor 02 Tahun
2012, 2012. Available at:
(http://bnpb.go.id/website/file/publikasi/435.PDF), Accessed on June
13, 2012.
[12] DFID, Department for International Development," Sustainable
livelihood guidance sheets," London, 1999. Available at:
(http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0901/), Accessed on
June 15, 2012.
[13] Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Aceh,"Perikanan Dalam
Angka," 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010. Unpublished.
[14] L.R. Garces, M.D. Pido, R.S. Pomeroy, S. Koeshendrajana, B.I.
Prisantoso, N.A. Fatan, D. Adhuri, T. Raiful, S. Rizal, A. Tewfik, and
M. Dey," Rapid assessment of community needs and fisheries status in
tsunami-affected communities in Aceh Province, Indonesia," Ocean and
Coastal Management, vol. 53. Pp. 69-79, 2010.
[15] M.T. Gibbs, "Resilience: What is it and what does it mean for marine
policymakers?," Marine Policy, vol. 33, pp. 322-332, 2009.
[16] UNDP and Consortium CCMRS IPB-LEIMA,"Villages planning
pembangunan desa,"2006, Unpublished.
[17] BRR NAD-Nias, BPS, ADB, and ihs,"Kerangka peta 3: Nanggroe Aceh
Darussalam dan Nias,"2006, Unpublished.
[18] R.G. Grafton, "Social capital and fisheries, "Ocean and Coastal
Management, vol. 48, pp. 753-766, 2005.
[19] J.T. Cacioppo, H.T. Reis, and A.J. Zautra,"Social resilience: the value
of social fitness with an application to military," American Psychology
Association, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 43-51, 2011.
[20] G.P. Green and A. Haines, "asset building and community development,
"Thousand Oaks, CA, 2002.
[21] R.D. Putnam, "Bowling alone: America's declining social capital,
"Journal of Democracy, vol. 6, no.1, pp. 65-78, 1995.
[22] F. Berkes,"From community based resources management to complex
system," Ecology and Society, vol. 11, no. 1, 2006. Available at:
(www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol11/iss1/art45/ES-2005-1431.pdf),
Acces on June 24, 2012.
[23] A. Solihin, M.A.A. Amin, and D.I. Hartato," Praktek pengelolaan
sumberdaya perikanan berbasis kearifan lokal," in kontruksi lokal
pembangunan sumberdaya perikanan indonesia," in Konstruksi Lokal
Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Perikanan di Indonesia, L. Adrianto, Ed.
Bogor: IPB Press, 2011, pp. 44-55.
[24] J. Birkmann, et al,"Addressing the Challenge: Recommendations and
Quality Criteria for Linking Disaster Risk Reduction and Adaptation to
Climate Change," in: J. Birkmann, Joern, Tetzlaff, Gerd, Zentel, Karl-
Otto (eds.), Bonn: DKKV Publication Series 38, 2009.
[25] J.J. Bogardi,"Resilience building: from knowledge to action," Presented
to the Summer Academy of UNU: EHS, 2006. Available at: (URL:
http://www.ehs.unu.edu/file.php?id=184), Access on June 25, 2012.
[26] S.L. Cutter, B.J. Boruff, and W.L. Shirley," Social vulnerability to
environmental hazards," Social Science Quarterly, vol. 84, no. 2, pp.
243-261, 2003.
[27] Consortiun CCMPR-LEIMA,"Final Report: Fisheries Livelihood
Recovery Program in Aceh Besar,"Final Report, 2007, Unpublished.
[28] I. Davis," Observations on Building and Maintaining Resilient
Buildings and Human Settlements to withstand Disaster Impact,
"Present at International Conference on built environment issues in
small island states and territories, Jamaica: the Faculty of the Built
Environment, University of Technology, 2005. Available at:
(http://www.caymanprepared.gov.ky/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/NEMHOM
E/RESOURCES/PUBLICATIONS/DISASTERMITIGATION/IDAVISR
ECOM.PDF), Accesses on June 29, 2012.
[29] E. Ostrom,"Governing the Common: The Evolution of Institution for
Collective Action," Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, ch.
2.
[30] T. Nurasa, N. Naamin, and R. Basuki,"The role of Panglima Laot "Sea
Commander" System in coastal fisheries management in Aceh,
Indonesia," in Proc. Twenty Second IPFC Fisheries Symposium,
Bangkok, 1993, pp. 395-405.
[31] G. Sapirstein,"Social resilience: the forgotten dimension in disaster risk
reduction,"Jamba-Quarterly Bulletin, African : Center for Disaster
Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 54-63, 2006. (Available at:
http://acds.co.za/jamba_vol1_no1.pdf), Accessed on April 20, 2012.
[32] W.N. Adger,"Social and ecological resilience: are they related?,
"Progress in Human Geography, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 347-364, 2000.
[33] Equal,"A Project Cycle Management and Logical Framework Toolkit: A
practical guide for Equal Development Partnerships. Available at :
(http://portals.wi.wur.nl/files/docs/ppme/gpg_pcm_toolkit[1].pdf),
Accesses on June 23, 2012.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:56847", author = "Zulhamsyah Imran and Masahiro Yamao", title = "Toward Strengthening Social Resilience: A Case Study on Recovery of Capture Fisheries after Asia's Tsunami in Aceh, Indonesia", abstract = "Social resilience has role to govern the local community and coastal fisheries resources toward sustainable fisheries development in tsunami affected area. This paper asses, explore and investigates of indigenous institutions, external and internal facilitators toward strengthening social resilience. Identification of the genuine organizations role had been conducted twice by using Rapid Assessment Appraisal, Focus Group Discussion, and in-depth interview for collecting primary and secondary data. Local wisdom had a contribution and adaptable to rebound social resilience. The Panglima Laot Lhok (sea commander) had determined and adapted role on recovery of the fishing community, particularly facilitated aid delivery to fishermen, as shown in anchovy fisheries relief case in Krueng Raya Bay. Toke Bangku (financial trader) had stimulated for reinforcement of advance payment and market channel. The other institutions supported upon linking and bridging connectivity among stakeholders. Collaborative governance can avoid conflict, reduce donor dependency and strengthen social resilience within fishing community.
", keywords = "Fishing community, indigenous institution, adaptive
role, collaborative, social resilience.", volume = "6", number = "9", pages = "598-11", }
