The Effect of Biochar, Inoculated Biochar and Compost Biological Component of the Soil
Biochar can be produced from the waste matter and its
application has been associated with returning of carbon in large
amounts into the soil. The impacts of this material on physical and
chemical properties of soil have been described. The biggest part of
the research work is dedicated to the hypothesis of this material’s
toxic effects on the soil life regarding its effect on the soil biological
component. At present, it has been worked on methods which could
eliminate these undesirable properties of biochar. One of the
possibilities is to mix biochar with organic material, such as compost,
or focusing on the natural processes acceleration in the soil. In the
experiment has been used as the addition of compost as well as the
elimination of toxic substances by promoting microbial activity in
aerated water environment. Biochar was aerated for 7 days in a
container with a volume of 20 l. This way modified biochar had six
times higher biomass production and reduce mineral nitrogen
leaching. Better results have been achieved by mixing biochar with
compost.
[1] Charles, W., L. Walker, and R. Cord-Ruwisch. "Effect of pre-aeration
and inoculum on the start-up of batch thermophilic anaerobic digestion
of municipal solid waste." Bioresource technology, 2009, pp 2329–2335.
[2] Bouallagui, H., et al. "Improvement of fruit and vegetable waste
anaerobic digestion performance and stability with co-substrates
addition." Journal of Environmental Management, 2009, pp 1844–1849.
[3] Yu, Hui, and Guo H. Huang. "Effects of sodium acetate as a pH control
amendment on the composting of food waste." Bioresource technology,
2009, pp 2005–2011.
[4] Lesteur, M., et al. "Alternative methods for determining anaerobic
biodegradability: A review." Process Biochemistry, 2010, pp 431–440.
[5] Themelis, Nickolas J., and Priscilla A. Ulloa. "Methane generation in
landfills." Renewable Energy, 2007, pp 1243–1257.
[6] Pfender, E. "Fundamental studies associated with the plasma spray
process." Surface and Coatings Technology, 1988, pp1–14.
[7] Chan, K. Y., et al. "Using poultry litter biochars as soil
amendments." Soil Research, 2007, pp 437–444.
[8] Downie, Adriana, Alan Crosky, and Paul Munroe. "Physical properties
of biochar." Biochar for environmental management: Science and
technology, 2009, pp 13–32.
[9] Lima, Claudio Ferreira, et al. "Comparison between analytical pyrolysis
and nitrobenzene oxidation for determination of syringyl/guaiacyl ratio
in Eucalyptus spp. lignin." BioResources, 3.3 2008, pp 701–712.
[10] Chan, K. Y., et al. "Using poultry litter biochars as soil
amendments." Soil Research, 2008, pp 437–444.
[11] Lehmann, Johannes, John Gaunt, and Marco Rondon. "Bio-char
sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems–a review." Mitigation and
adaptation strategies for global chase, 2006, pp 395–419.
[12] Oguntunde, Philip G., et al. "Effects of charcoal production on soil
physical properties in Ghana." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil
Science, 2008, 591–596.
[13] Asai, Hidetoshi, et al. "Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice
production in Northern Laos: 1. Soil physical properties, leaf SPAD and
grain yield." Field Crops Research, 2009, pp 81–84.
[14] Steiner, Christoph, et al. "Nitrogen retention and plant uptake on a
highly weathered central Amazonian Ferralsol amended with compost
and charcoal." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2008, pp
893–899.
[15] Van Zwieten, Lꎬ, et al. "Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of
papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility." Plant and
soil, 2010, 235–246.
[16] Pietikäinen, Janna, Oili Kiikkilä, and Hannu Fritze. "Charcoal as a
habitat for microbes and its effect on the microbial community of the
underlying humus." Oikos, 2000, 231–242. [17] Yin, Xinyou, et al. "A generic equation for nitrogen-limited leaf area
index and its application in crop growth models for predicting leaf
senescence." Annals of Botany, 2000, pp 579–585.
[18] Kim, Kwang Ho, et al. "Influence of pyrolysis temperature on
physicochemical properties of biochar obtained from the fast pyrolysis
of pitch pine (Pinus rigida)." Bioresource technology, 2012, pp 158-162.
[19] O’neill, B., et al. "Bacterial community composition in Brazilian
anthrosols and adjacent soils characterized using culturing and molecular
identification." Microbial Ecology, 2009, pp 23–35.
[20] Grossman, Julie M., et al. "Amazonian anthrosols support similar
microbial communities that differ distinctly from those extant in
adjacent, unmodified soils of the same mineralogy." Microbial Ecology,
2010, pp 192–205.
[21] Jin, Hongyan. "Characterization of microbial life colonizing biochar and
biochar-amended soils." 2010.
[22] Celik, I., I. Ortas, and S. Kilic. "Effects of compost, mycorrhiza, manure
and fertilizer on some physical properties of a Chromoxerert soil." Soil
and Tillage Research, 2004, pp 59–67.
[23] Blackwell, Paul, Glen Riethmuller, and Mike Collins. "Biochar
application to soil." Biochar for environmental management: science
and technology, 2009, 207–226.
[24] PEOPLES, Mark B., et al. Methods for evaluating nitrogen fixation by
nodulated legumes in the field. Monographs, 1989..
[25] Major, Julie, et al. "Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after
biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol." Plant and soil,
2010, pp 117–128.
[26] Zimmerman, Andrew R., Bin Gao, and Mi-Youn Ahn. "Positive and
negative carbon mineralization priming effects among a variety of
biochar-amended soils." Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, pp 1169–
1179.
[27] Schulz, Hardy, and Bruno Glaser. "Effects of biochar compared to
organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth in a
greenhouse experiment." Zeits Pflanzenernahr Bodenkunde-Journ Plant
Nutrit Soil Science, 2012, pp 410.
[1] Charles, W., L. Walker, and R. Cord-Ruwisch. "Effect of pre-aeration
and inoculum on the start-up of batch thermophilic anaerobic digestion
of municipal solid waste." Bioresource technology, 2009, pp 2329–2335.
[2] Bouallagui, H., et al. "Improvement of fruit and vegetable waste
anaerobic digestion performance and stability with co-substrates
addition." Journal of Environmental Management, 2009, pp 1844–1849.
[3] Yu, Hui, and Guo H. Huang. "Effects of sodium acetate as a pH control
amendment on the composting of food waste." Bioresource technology,
2009, pp 2005–2011.
[4] Lesteur, M., et al. "Alternative methods for determining anaerobic
biodegradability: A review." Process Biochemistry, 2010, pp 431–440.
[5] Themelis, Nickolas J., and Priscilla A. Ulloa. "Methane generation in
landfills." Renewable Energy, 2007, pp 1243–1257.
[6] Pfender, E. "Fundamental studies associated with the plasma spray
process." Surface and Coatings Technology, 1988, pp1–14.
[7] Chan, K. Y., et al. "Using poultry litter biochars as soil
amendments." Soil Research, 2007, pp 437–444.
[8] Downie, Adriana, Alan Crosky, and Paul Munroe. "Physical properties
of biochar." Biochar for environmental management: Science and
technology, 2009, pp 13–32.
[9] Lima, Claudio Ferreira, et al. "Comparison between analytical pyrolysis
and nitrobenzene oxidation for determination of syringyl/guaiacyl ratio
in Eucalyptus spp. lignin." BioResources, 3.3 2008, pp 701–712.
[10] Chan, K. Y., et al. "Using poultry litter biochars as soil
amendments." Soil Research, 2008, pp 437–444.
[11] Lehmann, Johannes, John Gaunt, and Marco Rondon. "Bio-char
sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems–a review." Mitigation and
adaptation strategies for global chase, 2006, pp 395–419.
[12] Oguntunde, Philip G., et al. "Effects of charcoal production on soil
physical properties in Ghana." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil
Science, 2008, 591–596.
[13] Asai, Hidetoshi, et al. "Biochar amendment techniques for upland rice
production in Northern Laos: 1. Soil physical properties, leaf SPAD and
grain yield." Field Crops Research, 2009, pp 81–84.
[14] Steiner, Christoph, et al. "Nitrogen retention and plant uptake on a
highly weathered central Amazonian Ferralsol amended with compost
and charcoal." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2008, pp
893–899.
[15] Van Zwieten, Lꎬ, et al. "Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of
papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility." Plant and
soil, 2010, 235–246.
[16] Pietikäinen, Janna, Oili Kiikkilä, and Hannu Fritze. "Charcoal as a
habitat for microbes and its effect on the microbial community of the
underlying humus." Oikos, 2000, 231–242. [17] Yin, Xinyou, et al. "A generic equation for nitrogen-limited leaf area
index and its application in crop growth models for predicting leaf
senescence." Annals of Botany, 2000, pp 579–585.
[18] Kim, Kwang Ho, et al. "Influence of pyrolysis temperature on
physicochemical properties of biochar obtained from the fast pyrolysis
of pitch pine (Pinus rigida)." Bioresource technology, 2012, pp 158-162.
[19] O’neill, B., et al. "Bacterial community composition in Brazilian
anthrosols and adjacent soils characterized using culturing and molecular
identification." Microbial Ecology, 2009, pp 23–35.
[20] Grossman, Julie M., et al. "Amazonian anthrosols support similar
microbial communities that differ distinctly from those extant in
adjacent, unmodified soils of the same mineralogy." Microbial Ecology,
2010, pp 192–205.
[21] Jin, Hongyan. "Characterization of microbial life colonizing biochar and
biochar-amended soils." 2010.
[22] Celik, I., I. Ortas, and S. Kilic. "Effects of compost, mycorrhiza, manure
and fertilizer on some physical properties of a Chromoxerert soil." Soil
and Tillage Research, 2004, pp 59–67.
[23] Blackwell, Paul, Glen Riethmuller, and Mike Collins. "Biochar
application to soil." Biochar for environmental management: science
and technology, 2009, 207–226.
[24] PEOPLES, Mark B., et al. Methods for evaluating nitrogen fixation by
nodulated legumes in the field. Monographs, 1989..
[25] Major, Julie, et al. "Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after
biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol." Plant and soil,
2010, pp 117–128.
[26] Zimmerman, Andrew R., Bin Gao, and Mi-Youn Ahn. "Positive and
negative carbon mineralization priming effects among a variety of
biochar-amended soils." Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, pp 1169–
1179.
[27] Schulz, Hardy, and Bruno Glaser. "Effects of biochar compared to
organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil quality and plant growth in a
greenhouse experiment." Zeits Pflanzenernahr Bodenkunde-Journ Plant
Nutrit Soil Science, 2012, pp 410.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:71582", author = "H. Dvořáčková and I. Mikajlo and J. Záhora and J. Elbl", title = "The Effect of Biochar, Inoculated Biochar and Compost Biological Component of the Soil", abstract = "Biochar can be produced from the waste matter and its
application has been associated with returning of carbon in large
amounts into the soil. The impacts of this material on physical and
chemical properties of soil have been described. The biggest part of
the research work is dedicated to the hypothesis of this material’s
toxic effects on the soil life regarding its effect on the soil biological
component. At present, it has been worked on methods which could
eliminate these undesirable properties of biochar. One of the
possibilities is to mix biochar with organic material, such as compost,
or focusing on the natural processes acceleration in the soil. In the
experiment has been used as the addition of compost as well as the
elimination of toxic substances by promoting microbial activity in
aerated water environment. Biochar was aerated for 7 days in a
container with a volume of 20 l. This way modified biochar had six
times higher biomass production and reduce mineral nitrogen
leaching. Better results have been achieved by mixing biochar with
compost.", keywords = "Leaching of nitrogen, soil, biochar, compost.", volume = "9", number = "12", pages = "1249-4", }
