The Clinical Use of Ahmed Valve Implant as an Aqueous Shunt for Control of Uveitic Glaucoma in Dogs
Objective: Safety and efficacy of Ahmed glaucoma
valve implantation for the management of uveitis induced glaucoma
evaluated on the five dogs with uncontrollable glaucoma. Materials
and Methods: Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV®; New World
Medical, Rancho Cucamonga, CA, USA) is a flow restrictive, nonobstructive
self-regulating valve system. Preoperative ocular
evaluation included direct ophthalmoscopy and measurement of the
intraocular pressure (IOP). The implant was examined and primed
prior to implantation. The selected site of the valve implantation was
the superior quadrant between the superior and lateral rectus muscles.
A fornix-based incision was made through the conjunectiva and
Tenon’s capsule. A pocket is formed by blunt dissection of Tenon’s
capsule from the episclera. The body of the implant was inserted into
the pocket with the leading edge of the device around 8-10 mm from
the limbus. Results: No post-operative complications were detected
in the operated eyes except a persistent corneal edema occupied the
upper half of the cornea in one case. Hyphaema was very mild and
seen only in two cases which resolved quickly two days after surgery.
Endoscopical evaluation for the operated eyes revealed a normal
ocular fundus with clearly visible optic papilla, tapetum and retinal
blood vessels. No evidence of hemorrhage, infection, adhesions or
retinal abnormalities was detected. Conclusion: Ahmed glaucoma
valve is safe and effective implant for treatment of uveitic glaucoma
in dogs.
[1] K .S. Schwartz, R.K. Lee, and S.J. Gedde, Glaucoma drainage implants:
a critical comparison of types. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology,
2006, 17: 181–189.
[2] S. J. Gedde, J.C. W.J. Schiffman Feuer, L.W. Herndon, and J.D. Brandt,
Treatment Outcomes in the Tube versus Trabeculectomy (TVT) Study
After Five Years of Follow-up. AJOPHT, 2012, 153: 789–803.
[3] R. P. Wilson, L. Cantor, L.J. Katz, C.M. Schmidt, W.C. Steinmann, and
S. Allee, Aqueous Shunts. Molteno versus Schocket. Ophthalmology,
1992, (99):672-8.
[4] S. W. Siegner, P.A. Netland, R.C. Urban, A.S. Silliams, D.W. Richards,
M. A. Latina, and J.D. Brandt, Clinical experience with the Baeveldt
glaucoma drainage implant. Ophthalmology, 1995, (102):1298-309.
[5] P. E. Miller, and J.P. Pickett, Comparison of the human and canine
Schiotz tonometry conversion tables in clinically normal cats. Journal of
the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1992, 201:1017.
[6] K. M. Ali, Studies on glaucoma in dogs. PhD thesis: Cairo University,
Egypt. 2014.
[7] G. W. Snedecor, and W.G. Cochran, Statistical methods. 6 Ed., Iowa
state Univ. press, Iowa, U.S.A., 1976.
[8] T. Krupin, S.M. Podos, and B. Becker, Valve implants in filtering
surgery. A preliminary report. Am J Ophthalmol. 1976, 81:232-5.
[9] A. C. B. Molteno, The optimal design of drainage implants for
glaucoma. Trans Ophthalmol Sc NZ, 1981, 33:39-41. [10] R. P. Mills, A. Reynolds, M.J. Emond, W.E. Barlow, and M.M. Leen,
Long-term survival of Moltenoof Molteno glaucoma drainage devices.
Ophthalmology, 1996, 103:299-305.
[11] R. S. Ayyala, L.E. Harman, A.F. Michelini-Norris, L.E. Ondrovic, E.
Haller, C.E. Margo, and S.X. Stevens, Comparison of different
biomaterials for the glaucoma drainage devices. Arch Ophthalmol.,
1999; 117:233-6.
[12] R. S. Ayyala, A.F. Michelini-Norris, A. Flores, E. Haller, and C.E.
Margo, Comparison of different biomaterials for glaucoma drainage
devices. Part 2. Arch Ophthalmol., 2000, 118:1081-4.
[13] D. P. Taglia, T.W. Perkins, and R. Gangnon, Comparison of the Ahmed
glaucoma valve, the Krupin eye valve with disk, and the double-plate
Molteno implant. J Glaucoma, 2002, 11: 347–353.
[14] R. S. Ayyala, D. Zurakowski, J.A. Smith, R. Monshizadeh, P.A.
Netland, D.W Richards, and W.E. Layden, A clinical study of the
Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implant in advanced glaucoma. Am.,J., 1998,
(105);1968-76.
[1] K .S. Schwartz, R.K. Lee, and S.J. Gedde, Glaucoma drainage implants:
a critical comparison of types. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology,
2006, 17: 181–189.
[2] S. J. Gedde, J.C. W.J. Schiffman Feuer, L.W. Herndon, and J.D. Brandt,
Treatment Outcomes in the Tube versus Trabeculectomy (TVT) Study
After Five Years of Follow-up. AJOPHT, 2012, 153: 789–803.
[3] R. P. Wilson, L. Cantor, L.J. Katz, C.M. Schmidt, W.C. Steinmann, and
S. Allee, Aqueous Shunts. Molteno versus Schocket. Ophthalmology,
1992, (99):672-8.
[4] S. W. Siegner, P.A. Netland, R.C. Urban, A.S. Silliams, D.W. Richards,
M. A. Latina, and J.D. Brandt, Clinical experience with the Baeveldt
glaucoma drainage implant. Ophthalmology, 1995, (102):1298-309.
[5] P. E. Miller, and J.P. Pickett, Comparison of the human and canine
Schiotz tonometry conversion tables in clinically normal cats. Journal of
the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1992, 201:1017.
[6] K. M. Ali, Studies on glaucoma in dogs. PhD thesis: Cairo University,
Egypt. 2014.
[7] G. W. Snedecor, and W.G. Cochran, Statistical methods. 6 Ed., Iowa
state Univ. press, Iowa, U.S.A., 1976.
[8] T. Krupin, S.M. Podos, and B. Becker, Valve implants in filtering
surgery. A preliminary report. Am J Ophthalmol. 1976, 81:232-5.
[9] A. C. B. Molteno, The optimal design of drainage implants for
glaucoma. Trans Ophthalmol Sc NZ, 1981, 33:39-41. [10] R. P. Mills, A. Reynolds, M.J. Emond, W.E. Barlow, and M.M. Leen,
Long-term survival of Moltenoof Molteno glaucoma drainage devices.
Ophthalmology, 1996, 103:299-305.
[11] R. S. Ayyala, L.E. Harman, A.F. Michelini-Norris, L.E. Ondrovic, E.
Haller, C.E. Margo, and S.X. Stevens, Comparison of different
biomaterials for the glaucoma drainage devices. Arch Ophthalmol.,
1999; 117:233-6.
[12] R. S. Ayyala, A.F. Michelini-Norris, A. Flores, E. Haller, and C.E.
Margo, Comparison of different biomaterials for glaucoma drainage
devices. Part 2. Arch Ophthalmol., 2000, 118:1081-4.
[13] D. P. Taglia, T.W. Perkins, and R. Gangnon, Comparison of the Ahmed
glaucoma valve, the Krupin eye valve with disk, and the double-plate
Molteno implant. J Glaucoma, 2002, 11: 347–353.
[14] R. S. Ayyala, D. Zurakowski, J.A. Smith, R. Monshizadeh, P.A.
Netland, D.W Richards, and W.E. Layden, A clinical study of the
Ahmed Glaucoma Valve implant in advanced glaucoma. Am.,J., 1998,
(105);1968-76.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:71754", author = "Khaled M. Ali and M. A. Abdel-Hamid and Ayman A. Mostafa", title = "The Clinical Use of Ahmed Valve Implant as an Aqueous Shunt for Control of Uveitic Glaucoma in Dogs", abstract = "Objective: Safety and efficacy of Ahmed glaucoma
valve implantation for the management of uveitis induced glaucoma
evaluated on the five dogs with uncontrollable glaucoma. Materials
and Methods: Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV®; New World
Medical, Rancho Cucamonga, CA, USA) is a flow restrictive, nonobstructive
self-regulating valve system. Preoperative ocular
evaluation included direct ophthalmoscopy and measurement of the
intraocular pressure (IOP). The implant was examined and primed
prior to implantation. The selected site of the valve implantation was
the superior quadrant between the superior and lateral rectus muscles.
A fornix-based incision was made through the conjunectiva and
Tenon’s capsule. A pocket is formed by blunt dissection of Tenon’s
capsule from the episclera. The body of the implant was inserted into
the pocket with the leading edge of the device around 8-10 mm from
the limbus. Results: No post-operative complications were detected
in the operated eyes except a persistent corneal edema occupied the
upper half of the cornea in one case. Hyphaema was very mild and
seen only in two cases which resolved quickly two days after surgery.
Endoscopical evaluation for the operated eyes revealed a normal
ocular fundus with clearly visible optic papilla, tapetum and retinal
blood vessels. No evidence of hemorrhage, infection, adhesions or
retinal abnormalities was detected. Conclusion: Ahmed glaucoma
valve is safe and effective implant for treatment of uveitic glaucoma
in dogs.", keywords = "Ahmed valve, endoscopy, glaucoma, ocular fundus.", volume = "9", number = "12", pages = "1281-5", }