Studies of Interfacial Microstructure and Mechanical Properties on Dissimilar Sheet Metal Combination Joints Using Laser Beam Welding
Laser beam welding of dissimilar sheet metal
combinations such as Ti/Al, SS/Al and Cu/Al are increasingly
demanded due to high energy densities with less fusion and heat
affected zones. A good weld joint strength involves combinations of
dissimilar metals and the formation of solid solution in the weld pool.
Many metal pairs suffer from significant intermetallic phase
formation during welding which greatly reduces their strength. The
three different sheet metal mentioned above is critically reviewed and
phase diagram for the combinations are given. The aim of this study
is to develop an efficient metal combinations and the influence on
their interfacial characteristics. For that the following parameters
such as weld geometry, residual distortion, micro hardness,
microstructure and mechanical properties are analyzed
systematically.
[1] M. Kreimeyer. F. Wagner, and F. Vollertsen, Optics and Lasers in
Engineering (2005).43, 9.
[2] E. Anawa., O. M. Elmabrouk, and A. Olabi, in IEEM 2009. IEEE
“International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
Management”, (2009) in: edited by IEEE (IEEE, Piscataway, N.J).
[3] A. Saliger, Diploma thesis, Technische Universität, 2010.
[4] Sepold G., Schubert E, and Zerner I. “Laser beam joining of dissimilar
materials”, (1999). IIW-paper IV 734-99, Lisbon.
[5] Davis JR, “Aluminum and aluminum alloys”,(1994). ASM International
handbook. ASM International.
[6] Michael Kreimeyer, Florian Wagner, and Frank Vollertsen, “Laser
processing of aluminum–titanium-tailored Blanks”, (2005). Optics and
Lasers in Engineering 43, 1021–1035.
[7] Wo¨hlert S, and Fru¨hstadien der Phasenbildung, “System Titan-
Aluminium”, (1995). Dissertation, Technische Universita¨ t Hamburg-
Harburg.
[8] Lison R., Verbindungsschwei Xen unterschiedlicher, Werkstoffe—
exemplarisch vorgestellt. In: Jahrbuch Schwei Xtechnik 99. Du¨
sseldorf. Herausgeber: DVS—Deutscher Verband fu¨ r Schwei Xen und
verwandte Verfahren e.V; (1999). p. 35–48.
[9] International Aluminium Institute, “Improving Sustainability in the
Transport Sector Through Weight Reduction and the Application of
Aluminium”, (2008). http://www.world-aluminium.org/ cache/
fl0000172.pdf.
[10] European Aluminum Association, “Aluminium in cars”, (2008),
http://www.eaa.net/upl/ 4/en/ doc/ Aluminium_in_cars..pdf.
[11] C.M. Wayman, “Introduction to the crystallography of Martensitic
Transformations”,(1964). Macmillan, New York.
[12] Hyatt, and Calvin V. ‘Review of Literature Related to Microstructural
Development During Laser Surface Engineering of Nickel Aluminium
Bronze”,(1997). Technical Memorandum, 31-59.
[13] Zhihua Song., KazuhiroNakata, AipingWu, and JinsunLiao, “Interfacial
microstructure and mechanical property of Ti6Al4V/A6061 dissimilar
joint by direct laser brazing without filler metal and groove”, (2013).
Materials Science & Engineering A 560 , 111–120.
[14] Ming Gao., Cong Chen., Yunze Gu, and Xiaoyan Zeng, “Microstructure
and Tensile Behavior of Laser Arc Hybrid Welded Dissimilar Al and Ti
Alloys”, (2014). Materials, 7, 1590-1602.
[15] Zhang. C., Li. G, and Gao. M “Microstructure and process
characterization of laser-cold metal transfer hybrid welding of AA6061
aluminum alloy”, (2013). Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol, 68, 1253–1260.
[16] F. Möller*. M., Grden. C., Thomy, and F. Vollertsen, “Combined Laser
Beam Welding and Brazing Process for Aluminium Titanium Hybrid
Structures”,(2011). Physics Procedia 12, 215–223.
[17] W. V. Vaidya., M. Horstmann., V. Ventzke., B. Petrovski., M. Koc¸ak.,
R. Kocik, and G. Tempus, “Improving interfacial properties of a laser
beam welded dissimilar joint of aluminium AA6056 and titanium
Ti6Al4V for aeronautical applications”, (2010). J Mater Sci 45:6242–
6254.
[18] Shuhai Chen., Liqun Li., Yanbin Chen, and Jihua Huang, “Joining
mechanism of Ti/Al dissimilar alloys during laser welding-brazing
process”, (2011). Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509,891–898.
[19] Gerhard Liedl, Alexander Kratky, Matthias Mayr, and Alexandra
Saliger, “Laser Assisted Joining of Dissimilar Materials”,(2011). -ICFProcessing,
Performance and Failure Analysis of Engineering Materials,
14-17 Nov. Luxor, Egypt.
[20] Michael Kreimeyer, Florian Wagner, and Frank Vollertsen, “Laser
processing of aluminum–titanium-tailored blanks”, (2005). Optics and
Lasers in Engineering 43, 1021–1035.
[21] M. Schimek, A. Springer, S. Kaierle, D. Kracht, and V. Wesling, “Laserwelded
dissimilar steel-aluminum seams for automotive lightweight
construction”,(2012). Physics Procedia 39, 43 – 50.
[22] M.J. Zhang., G.Y. Chen., Y. Zhang, and K.R. Wu, “Research on
microstructure and mechanical properties of laser keyhole welding–
brazing of automotive galvanized steel to aluminum alloy”, (2013).
Materials and Design 45, 24–30.
[23] A. Kouadri-David, and PSM Team, “Study of metallurgic and
mechanical properties of laser welded heterogeneous joints between
DP600 galvanised steel and aluminium 6082’, (2014) Materials and
Design 54 184–195.
[24] C Thomy, and F Vollertsen, “Laser -MIG Hybrid welding of aluminium
to steel – Effect of process parameters on joint properties”, (2009). XII-
1958-09, BIAS Bremer Institut für angewandte Strahltechnik, Bremen,
Germany.
[25] M.Theron., C.Van Rooyan, and L.H Ivanchev, “CW ND: YAG Laser
welding of dissimilar sheet metals”. Paper # 803, National laser center,
CSIR, South Africa.
[26] M. Jandaghi., P. Parvin., M. J. Torkamany, and J. Sabbaghzadeh,
“Alloying elemental change of SS-316 and Al-5754 during laser welding
using real time laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
accompanied by EDX and PIXE microanalysis”, (2010). Physics
Procedia 5, 107–114.
[27] Tobias Solchenbach, Peter Plapper, and Wayne Cai, ‘Electrical
performance of laser braze-welded aluminum–copper interconnects”,
(2014). Journal of Manufacturing Processes xxx , xxx–xxx.
[28] ASM handbook: volume 03, “alloy phase diagrams”, (1992). ASM
International.
[29] Xiao Wang., Chunxing Gu., Yuanyuan Zheng., Zongbao Shen, and
Huixia Liu, “Laser shock welding of aluminum/aluminum and
aluminum/copper plates”, (2014). Materials and Design 56, 26–30.
[30] Tobias Solchenbach, and Peter Plapper, “Mechanical characteristics of
laser braze-welded aluminium–copper connections”, (2013) Optics &
Laser Technology 54, 249–256.
[31] T. Solchenbach, P. Plapper, and “Combined Laser Beam Braze-Welding
Process for Fluxless Al-Cu Connections”, (2013). Laser Technology
Competence Centre, Research Unit in Engineering Science, University
of Luxembourg.
[1] M. Kreimeyer. F. Wagner, and F. Vollertsen, Optics and Lasers in
Engineering (2005).43, 9.
[2] E. Anawa., O. M. Elmabrouk, and A. Olabi, in IEEM 2009. IEEE
“International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
Management”, (2009) in: edited by IEEE (IEEE, Piscataway, N.J).
[3] A. Saliger, Diploma thesis, Technische Universität, 2010.
[4] Sepold G., Schubert E, and Zerner I. “Laser beam joining of dissimilar
materials”, (1999). IIW-paper IV 734-99, Lisbon.
[5] Davis JR, “Aluminum and aluminum alloys”,(1994). ASM International
handbook. ASM International.
[6] Michael Kreimeyer, Florian Wagner, and Frank Vollertsen, “Laser
processing of aluminum–titanium-tailored Blanks”, (2005). Optics and
Lasers in Engineering 43, 1021–1035.
[7] Wo¨hlert S, and Fru¨hstadien der Phasenbildung, “System Titan-
Aluminium”, (1995). Dissertation, Technische Universita¨ t Hamburg-
Harburg.
[8] Lison R., Verbindungsschwei Xen unterschiedlicher, Werkstoffe—
exemplarisch vorgestellt. In: Jahrbuch Schwei Xtechnik 99. Du¨
sseldorf. Herausgeber: DVS—Deutscher Verband fu¨ r Schwei Xen und
verwandte Verfahren e.V; (1999). p. 35–48.
[9] International Aluminium Institute, “Improving Sustainability in the
Transport Sector Through Weight Reduction and the Application of
Aluminium”, (2008). http://www.world-aluminium.org/ cache/
fl0000172.pdf.
[10] European Aluminum Association, “Aluminium in cars”, (2008),
http://www.eaa.net/upl/ 4/en/ doc/ Aluminium_in_cars..pdf.
[11] C.M. Wayman, “Introduction to the crystallography of Martensitic
Transformations”,(1964). Macmillan, New York.
[12] Hyatt, and Calvin V. ‘Review of Literature Related to Microstructural
Development During Laser Surface Engineering of Nickel Aluminium
Bronze”,(1997). Technical Memorandum, 31-59.
[13] Zhihua Song., KazuhiroNakata, AipingWu, and JinsunLiao, “Interfacial
microstructure and mechanical property of Ti6Al4V/A6061 dissimilar
joint by direct laser brazing without filler metal and groove”, (2013).
Materials Science & Engineering A 560 , 111–120.
[14] Ming Gao., Cong Chen., Yunze Gu, and Xiaoyan Zeng, “Microstructure
and Tensile Behavior of Laser Arc Hybrid Welded Dissimilar Al and Ti
Alloys”, (2014). Materials, 7, 1590-1602.
[15] Zhang. C., Li. G, and Gao. M “Microstructure and process
characterization of laser-cold metal transfer hybrid welding of AA6061
aluminum alloy”, (2013). Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol, 68, 1253–1260.
[16] F. Möller*. M., Grden. C., Thomy, and F. Vollertsen, “Combined Laser
Beam Welding and Brazing Process for Aluminium Titanium Hybrid
Structures”,(2011). Physics Procedia 12, 215–223.
[17] W. V. Vaidya., M. Horstmann., V. Ventzke., B. Petrovski., M. Koc¸ak.,
R. Kocik, and G. Tempus, “Improving interfacial properties of a laser
beam welded dissimilar joint of aluminium AA6056 and titanium
Ti6Al4V for aeronautical applications”, (2010). J Mater Sci 45:6242–
6254.
[18] Shuhai Chen., Liqun Li., Yanbin Chen, and Jihua Huang, “Joining
mechanism of Ti/Al dissimilar alloys during laser welding-brazing
process”, (2011). Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509,891–898.
[19] Gerhard Liedl, Alexander Kratky, Matthias Mayr, and Alexandra
Saliger, “Laser Assisted Joining of Dissimilar Materials”,(2011). -ICFProcessing,
Performance and Failure Analysis of Engineering Materials,
14-17 Nov. Luxor, Egypt.
[20] Michael Kreimeyer, Florian Wagner, and Frank Vollertsen, “Laser
processing of aluminum–titanium-tailored blanks”, (2005). Optics and
Lasers in Engineering 43, 1021–1035.
[21] M. Schimek, A. Springer, S. Kaierle, D. Kracht, and V. Wesling, “Laserwelded
dissimilar steel-aluminum seams for automotive lightweight
construction”,(2012). Physics Procedia 39, 43 – 50.
[22] M.J. Zhang., G.Y. Chen., Y. Zhang, and K.R. Wu, “Research on
microstructure and mechanical properties of laser keyhole welding–
brazing of automotive galvanized steel to aluminum alloy”, (2013).
Materials and Design 45, 24–30.
[23] A. Kouadri-David, and PSM Team, “Study of metallurgic and
mechanical properties of laser welded heterogeneous joints between
DP600 galvanised steel and aluminium 6082’, (2014) Materials and
Design 54 184–195.
[24] C Thomy, and F Vollertsen, “Laser -MIG Hybrid welding of aluminium
to steel – Effect of process parameters on joint properties”, (2009). XII-
1958-09, BIAS Bremer Institut für angewandte Strahltechnik, Bremen,
Germany.
[25] M.Theron., C.Van Rooyan, and L.H Ivanchev, “CW ND: YAG Laser
welding of dissimilar sheet metals”. Paper # 803, National laser center,
CSIR, South Africa.
[26] M. Jandaghi., P. Parvin., M. J. Torkamany, and J. Sabbaghzadeh,
“Alloying elemental change of SS-316 and Al-5754 during laser welding
using real time laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
accompanied by EDX and PIXE microanalysis”, (2010). Physics
Procedia 5, 107–114.
[27] Tobias Solchenbach, Peter Plapper, and Wayne Cai, ‘Electrical
performance of laser braze-welded aluminum–copper interconnects”,
(2014). Journal of Manufacturing Processes xxx , xxx–xxx.
[28] ASM handbook: volume 03, “alloy phase diagrams”, (1992). ASM
International.
[29] Xiao Wang., Chunxing Gu., Yuanyuan Zheng., Zongbao Shen, and
Huixia Liu, “Laser shock welding of aluminum/aluminum and
aluminum/copper plates”, (2014). Materials and Design 56, 26–30.
[30] Tobias Solchenbach, and Peter Plapper, “Mechanical characteristics of
laser braze-welded aluminium–copper connections”, (2013) Optics &
Laser Technology 54, 249–256.
[31] T. Solchenbach, P. Plapper, and “Combined Laser Beam Braze-Welding
Process for Fluxless Al-Cu Connections”, (2013). Laser Technology
Competence Centre, Research Unit in Engineering Science, University
of Luxembourg.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:68962", author = "K. Kalaiselvan and A. Elango", title = "Studies of Interfacial Microstructure and Mechanical Properties on Dissimilar Sheet Metal Combination Joints Using Laser Beam Welding", abstract = "Laser beam welding of dissimilar sheet metal
combinations such as Ti/Al, SS/Al and Cu/Al are increasingly
demanded due to high energy densities with less fusion and heat
affected zones. A good weld joint strength involves combinations of
dissimilar metals and the formation of solid solution in the weld pool.
Many metal pairs suffer from significant intermetallic phase
formation during welding which greatly reduces their strength. The
three different sheet metal mentioned above is critically reviewed and
phase diagram for the combinations are given. The aim of this study
is to develop an efficient metal combinations and the influence on
their interfacial characteristics. For that the following parameters
such as weld geometry, residual distortion, micro hardness,
microstructure and mechanical properties are analyzed
systematically.
", keywords = "Laser Beam Welding (LBW), dissimilar metals,
Ti/Al, SS/Al and Cu/Al sheets.", volume = "8", number = "11", pages = "1903-8", }
