Spectral Broadening in an InGaAsP Optical Waveguide with χ(3) Nonlinearity Including Two Photon Absorption
We have studied a method to widen the spectrum
of optical pulses that pass through an InGaAsP waveguide for
application to broadband optical communication. In particular, we
have investigated the competitive effect between spectral broadening
arising from nonlinear refraction (optical Kerr effect) and shrinking
due to two photon absorption in the InGaAsP waveguide with
χ(3) nonlinearity. The shrunk spectrum recovers broadening by
the enhancement effect of the nonlinear refractive index near the
bandgap of InGaAsP with a bandgap wavelength of 1490 nm. The
broadened spectral width at around 1525 nm (196.7 THz) becomes
10.7 times wider than that at around 1560 nm (192.3 THz) without
the enhancement effect, where amplified optical pulses with a pulse
width of ∼ 2 ps and a peak power of 10 W propagate through a
1-cm-long InGaAsP waveguide with a cross-section of 4 (μm)2.
[1] G. P. Agrawal, Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, 4th ed., New
Jersey: Wiley&Sons, 2010.
[2] C. Lin ed., Broadband Optical Access Networks and Fiber-to-the-Home:
Systems Technologies and Deployment Strategies, 1st ed., West Sussex:
Wiley&Sons, 2006.
[3] J. Darja, M. J. Chan, M. Sugiyama, and Y. Nakano, "Four channel DFB
laser array with integrated combiner for 1.55 μm CWDM systems by
MOVPE selective area growth”, IEICE Electronic Express 3 (24), 2006,
pp.522-528.
[4] W. Li, X. Zhang, and J. Yao, "Experimental demonstration of a
multi-wavelength distributed feedback semiconductor laser array with
an equivalent chirped grating profile based on the equivalent chirp
technology”, Opt. Exp. 21 (17), 2013, pp.19966-19971.
[5] T.Morioka, K, Mori, and M. Saruwatari, "More than
100-wavelength-channel picosecond optical pulse generation from
single laser source using supercontinuum in optical fibers”, Electron.
Lett. 29 (10), 1993, pp.862-864.
[6] T.Morioka, H. Takara, S. Kawanishi, O. Kamatani, K. Takiguchi, K.
Uchiyama, M. Saruwatari, H. Takahashi, M. Yamada, T. Kanamori, and
H. Ono, "1 T bit/s (100 Gbit/s × 10 channel) OTDM/WDM transmission
using a single supercontinuum WDM source”, Electron. Lett. 32 (10),
1996, pp.906-907.
[7] M. Asobe, K. Naganuma, T. Kaino, T. Kanamori, S. Tomaru, and T.
Kurihara, "Switching energy limitation in all-optical switching due to
group velocity dispersion of highly nonlinear optical waveguides”, Appl.
Phys. Lett. 64 (22), 1994, pp.2922-2924.
[8] A. M. Darwish and E. P. Ippen, H. Q. Le, J. P. Donnelly, S. H. Groves,
and E. A. Swanson, "Short-pulse wavelength shifting by four wave
mixing in passive InGaAsP/InP waveguides”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 (15),
1996, pp.2038-2040.
[9] T. L. Koch, T. J. Bridges, E. G. Burkhardt, P. J. Corvini, L. A. Coldren,
R. A. Linke, W. T. Tsang, R. A. Logan, L. F. Johnson, R. F. Kazarinov,
R. Yen, and D. P. Wilt, "1.55-μm InGaAsP distributed feedback vapor
phase transported buried heterostructure lasers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 47
(1), 1985, pp.12-14.
[10] K. L. Hall, J. Mark, E. P. Ippen, and G. Eisenstein, "Femtosecond gain
dynamics in InGaAsP optical amplifiers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56 (18),
1990, pp.1740-1742.
[11] J. S. Parker, P. R. A. Binetti, A. Bhardwaj, R. S. Guzzon, E. J.
Norberg, H. Yung Jr., and L. A. Coldren, "Comparison of comb-line
generation from InGaAsP/InP integrated ring mode-locked lasers”, in
Proc. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Baltimore, MD,
U.S.A., May 2011, Paper No.CTuV6.
[12] J. S. Parker, P. R. A. Binetti, H. Yung Jr., and L. A. Coldren, "Frequency
tuning in integrated InGaAsP/InP ring mode-locked lasers”, J. Lightwave
Technol. 30 (9), 2012, pp.1278-1283.
[13] G. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 5th ed., New York: Academic
Press, 2013.
[14] W. H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky,W. T. Vetterling, B. P. Flannery, Numerical
Recipes in C++, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
[15] K. Nakatsuhara, T. Mizumoto, R. Munakata, Y. Kigure, and Y. Naito,
"Optical bistable devices controlled with pump beam feedback”, in Proc.
Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC), Chiba,
Japan, July 1996, Paper No.18P-13.
[16] K. Nakatsuhara, T. Mizumoto, S. Hossain, S. H. Jeong ; Y.
Tsukishima, B. J. Ma, and Y. Nakano, "GaInAsP-InP distributed
feedback waveguides for all-optical switching”, IEEE J. Select. Topics
in Quantum Elect. 6 (1), 2000, pp.143-149.
[17] E. Kotelnikov, A. Katsnelson, K. Patel, and I. Kudryashov, "High-power
single-mode InGaAsP/InP laser diodes for pulsed operation”, in Proc.
SPIE, Novel In-Plane Semiconductor Lasers XI, Vol.8277, 2012,
p.827715 (6 pages).
[1] G. P. Agrawal, Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, 4th ed., New
Jersey: Wiley&Sons, 2010.
[2] C. Lin ed., Broadband Optical Access Networks and Fiber-to-the-Home:
Systems Technologies and Deployment Strategies, 1st ed., West Sussex:
Wiley&Sons, 2006.
[3] J. Darja, M. J. Chan, M. Sugiyama, and Y. Nakano, "Four channel DFB
laser array with integrated combiner for 1.55 μm CWDM systems by
MOVPE selective area growth”, IEICE Electronic Express 3 (24), 2006,
pp.522-528.
[4] W. Li, X. Zhang, and J. Yao, "Experimental demonstration of a
multi-wavelength distributed feedback semiconductor laser array with
an equivalent chirped grating profile based on the equivalent chirp
technology”, Opt. Exp. 21 (17), 2013, pp.19966-19971.
[5] T.Morioka, K, Mori, and M. Saruwatari, "More than
100-wavelength-channel picosecond optical pulse generation from
single laser source using supercontinuum in optical fibers”, Electron.
Lett. 29 (10), 1993, pp.862-864.
[6] T.Morioka, H. Takara, S. Kawanishi, O. Kamatani, K. Takiguchi, K.
Uchiyama, M. Saruwatari, H. Takahashi, M. Yamada, T. Kanamori, and
H. Ono, "1 T bit/s (100 Gbit/s × 10 channel) OTDM/WDM transmission
using a single supercontinuum WDM source”, Electron. Lett. 32 (10),
1996, pp.906-907.
[7] M. Asobe, K. Naganuma, T. Kaino, T. Kanamori, S. Tomaru, and T.
Kurihara, "Switching energy limitation in all-optical switching due to
group velocity dispersion of highly nonlinear optical waveguides”, Appl.
Phys. Lett. 64 (22), 1994, pp.2922-2924.
[8] A. M. Darwish and E. P. Ippen, H. Q. Le, J. P. Donnelly, S. H. Groves,
and E. A. Swanson, "Short-pulse wavelength shifting by four wave
mixing in passive InGaAsP/InP waveguides”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 (15),
1996, pp.2038-2040.
[9] T. L. Koch, T. J. Bridges, E. G. Burkhardt, P. J. Corvini, L. A. Coldren,
R. A. Linke, W. T. Tsang, R. A. Logan, L. F. Johnson, R. F. Kazarinov,
R. Yen, and D. P. Wilt, "1.55-μm InGaAsP distributed feedback vapor
phase transported buried heterostructure lasers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 47
(1), 1985, pp.12-14.
[10] K. L. Hall, J. Mark, E. P. Ippen, and G. Eisenstein, "Femtosecond gain
dynamics in InGaAsP optical amplifiers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56 (18),
1990, pp.1740-1742.
[11] J. S. Parker, P. R. A. Binetti, A. Bhardwaj, R. S. Guzzon, E. J.
Norberg, H. Yung Jr., and L. A. Coldren, "Comparison of comb-line
generation from InGaAsP/InP integrated ring mode-locked lasers”, in
Proc. Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), Baltimore, MD,
U.S.A., May 2011, Paper No.CTuV6.
[12] J. S. Parker, P. R. A. Binetti, H. Yung Jr., and L. A. Coldren, "Frequency
tuning in integrated InGaAsP/InP ring mode-locked lasers”, J. Lightwave
Technol. 30 (9), 2012, pp.1278-1283.
[13] G. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, 5th ed., New York: Academic
Press, 2013.
[14] W. H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky,W. T. Vetterling, B. P. Flannery, Numerical
Recipes in C++, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
[15] K. Nakatsuhara, T. Mizumoto, R. Munakata, Y. Kigure, and Y. Naito,
"Optical bistable devices controlled with pump beam feedback”, in Proc.
Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC), Chiba,
Japan, July 1996, Paper No.18P-13.
[16] K. Nakatsuhara, T. Mizumoto, S. Hossain, S. H. Jeong ; Y.
Tsukishima, B. J. Ma, and Y. Nakano, "GaInAsP-InP distributed
feedback waveguides for all-optical switching”, IEEE J. Select. Topics
in Quantum Elect. 6 (1), 2000, pp.143-149.
[17] E. Kotelnikov, A. Katsnelson, K. Patel, and I. Kudryashov, "High-power
single-mode InGaAsP/InP laser diodes for pulsed operation”, in Proc.
SPIE, Novel In-Plane Semiconductor Lasers XI, Vol.8277, 2012,
p.827715 (6 pages).
@article{"International Journal of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences:68035", author = "Keigo Matsuura and Isao Tomita", title = "Spectral Broadening in an InGaAsP Optical Waveguide with χ(3) Nonlinearity Including Two Photon Absorption", abstract = "We have studied a method to widen the spectrum
of optical pulses that pass through an InGaAsP waveguide for
application to broadband optical communication. In particular, we
have investigated the competitive effect between spectral broadening
arising from nonlinear refraction (optical Kerr effect) and shrinking
due to two photon absorption in the InGaAsP waveguide with
χ(3) nonlinearity. The shrunk spectrum recovers broadening by
the enhancement effect of the nonlinear refractive index near the
bandgap of InGaAsP with a bandgap wavelength of 1490 nm. The
broadened spectral width at around 1525 nm (196.7 THz) becomes
10.7 times wider than that at around 1560 nm (192.3 THz) without
the enhancement effect, where amplified optical pulses with a pulse
width of ∼ 2 ps and a peak power of 10 W propagate through a
1-cm-long InGaAsP waveguide with a cross-section of 4 (μm)2.
", keywords = "InGaAsP Waveguide, χ(3) Nonlinearity, Spectral Broadening.", volume = "8", number = "10", pages = "1296-4", }
