Simulation of Enhanced Biomass Gasification for Hydrogen Production using iCON
Due to the environmental and price issues of current
energy crisis, scientists and technologists around the globe are
intensively searching for new environmentally less-impact form of
clean energy that will reduce the high dependency on fossil fuel.
Particularly hydrogen can be produced from biomass via thermochemical
processes including pyrolysis and gasification due to the
economic advantage and can be further enhanced through in-situ
carbon dioxide removal using calcium oxide. This work focuses on
the synthesis and development of the flowsheet for the enhanced
biomass gasification process in PETRONAS-s iCON process
simulation software. This hydrogen prediction model is conducted at
operating temperature between 600 to 1000oC at atmospheric
pressure. Effects of temperature, steam-to-biomass ratio and
adsorbent-to-biomass ratio were studied and 0.85 mol fraction of
hydrogen is predicted in the product gas. Comparisons of the results
are also made with experimental data from literature. The
preliminary economic potential of developed system is RM 12.57 x
106 which equivalent to USD 3.77 x 106 annually shows economic
viability of this process.
[1] Schuster, G., Loffler, G., Weigl, K. and Hofbauer, H., "Biomass steam
gasification - an extensive parametric modeling study", Bioresource
Technology, vol. 77, 2001, p. 71-79.
[2] Pengmei, L., Zhenhong, Y., Longlong, M., Chuangzhi, W., Yong, C. and
Jingxu Z., "Hydrogen-rich gas production from biomass air and
oxygen/steam gasification in a downdraft gasifier", Renewable Energy
vol. 32, 2007, p.2173-2185.
[3] González J.F., Román S., Bragado D. and Calderón M., "Investigation
on the reactions influencing biomass air and air/steam gasification for
hydrogen production", Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 89(8), 2008, p.
764-772.
[4] Shen, L., Gao, Y., and Xiao, J., "Simulation of hydrogen production
from biomass gasification in interconnected fluidized beds", Biomass
and Bioenergy, vol. 32, 2008, p.120-127.
[5] Luo, S., Xiao, B., Hu, Z., Liu, S., Guo. X., and He, M., "Hydrogen-rich
gas from catalytic steam gasification of biomass in a fixed-bed reactor:
Influence of temperature and steam on gasification performance",
International Journal of hydrogen energy, vol. 34, 2009, p. 2191 - 2194.
[6] M. Balat, "Potential importance of hydrogen as future solution to
environmental and transportation problems", International Journal of
Hydrogen Energy, vol. 33, 2008, p. 4013 - 4029.
[7] McKendry P., "Energy production from biomass (part 3): Gasification
Technology", Bioresource Technology, vol. 83, 2002-b, p.55-63
[8] Dupont C., Boissonnet G., Seiler JM., Gauthier P., and Schweich D.,
"Study about the kinetic processes of biomass steam gasification", Fuel,
vol. 86, 2007, p. 32-40.
[9] Nikoo MB. and Mahinpey N., "Simulation of biomass gasification in
fluidized bed reactor using Aspen Plus", Biomass and Bioenergy, vol.
32(12), 2008, p.1245-1254.
[10] Mahishi MR. and Goswami DY., "Thermodynamics optimization of
biomass gasifier for hydrogen production", International Journal of
Hydrogen Energy, vol. 32, 2007, p. 3831-3840.
[11] Lv P., Wu C., Ma L., and Yuan Z., "A Study on the economic efficiency
of hydrogen production from biomass residues in China", Renewable
Energy, vol. 22, 2008, p. 1874-1879.
[12] <www.virtualmaterials.com> last accessed 13 January 2010.
[13] Mann, M.D., Knutson, R.Z., Erjavec, J., and Jacobsen, J.P., "Modeling
reaction kinetics of steam gasification for a transport gasifier", Fuel, vol.
83, 2004, p. 1643 - 1650.
[14] Florin N. and Harris A., "Enhanced hydrogen production from biomass
with in-situ carbon dioxide capture using calcium oxide sorbents",
Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 63, 2008, p. 287-316.
[15] Corella, J., and Sanz, A., "Modeling circulating fluidized bed biomass
gasifiers. A-pseudo-rigorous model for stationary state", Fuel
Processing Technology, vol. 86, 2005, p. 1021 - 1053.
[16] Gonzalez, S.J., "Advances in biomass gasification in fluidized bed",
PhD thesis, University of Saragossa (Dept. Of Chemical Engineering),
1988, Unpublished.
[17] Fushimi, C., Araki, K., Yamaguchi, Y., and Tsutsumi, A., "Effect of
heating rate on steam gasification of biomass: 1. Reactivity of char",
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 42, 2003, p. 3922-
3928.
[18] Choi, Y.C., Li, X.Y., Park, T.J., Kim, J.H., and Lee, J.G., "Numerical
study on the coal gasification characteristics in an entrained flow coal
gasifier", Fuel, vol. 80, 2001, p. 2193-2201.
[19] Govin, R., and Shah, J., "Modeling and simulation of an entrained flow
coal gasifier", AIChE Journal, vol. 30, 1984, p. 79.
[20] Therien, N., Marchand, P., Chamberland, A., and Gravel, G., "Computer
modeling and simulation of biomass fluidized bed gasifier", Proceedings
of the XVIII Congress: The Use of Computer in Chemical Engineering-
CEF87, 26-30 April, Gianardi Naxos, Italy, 1987, p. 187-192.
[21] Liu, H., and Gibbs, B.M., "Modeling NH3 and HCN emissions from
biomass circulating fluidizied biomass gasifiers", Fuel, vol. 82, 2003,
p.1591 - 1604.
[22] Fletcher, D.F., Haynes,D.S., Christo, F.C., and Joseph, S.D., "A CFD
based combustion model of an entrained flow biomass gasifier", Applied
Mathematics Modeling, vol. 24, 2000, p. 165-182.
[23] Xu, J., and Froment, G.J., "Methane steam reforming, methanation and
water gas shift: 1. Intrinsic Kinetics", AIChE Journal, vol. 35, 1989, p.
88-96.
[24] Simell, P.A., Hirvensalo, E.K., Smolander, S.T., and Krause, A.O.,
"Steam reforming of gasification gas tar over dolomite with benzene as a
model compound", Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.
38, 1999, p. 1250-1257.
[25] Irfan, A., and Dogu, G., "Cacination kinetics of high purity limestones",
Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 83, 2001, p. 131-137.
[26] Milne, C.R., Silciox, G.R., Pershing, D.W., and Kirchgesner, D.A.,
"Calculation and sintering models for applications of high temperature
short time sulfaction of calcium based sorbent", Ind Eng. Chem. Res.,
vol. 29, 1990, p. 139-152.
[27] Brown, B.W., Smoot, L.D., Smith, P.J., and Hedman, P.O.,
"Measurement and prediction of entrained flow gasification process",
AIChE Journal, vol. 34, 1988, p. 435-446.
[28] Gao N., Li A., and Quan C., "A Novel reforming method for hydrogen
production from biomass steam gasification", Bioresource Technology,
vol. 100, 2009, p. 4271-4277.
[29] <www.mox.com.my> last accessed on 13 January 2010.
[1] Schuster, G., Loffler, G., Weigl, K. and Hofbauer, H., "Biomass steam
gasification - an extensive parametric modeling study", Bioresource
Technology, vol. 77, 2001, p. 71-79.
[2] Pengmei, L., Zhenhong, Y., Longlong, M., Chuangzhi, W., Yong, C. and
Jingxu Z., "Hydrogen-rich gas production from biomass air and
oxygen/steam gasification in a downdraft gasifier", Renewable Energy
vol. 32, 2007, p.2173-2185.
[3] González J.F., Román S., Bragado D. and Calderón M., "Investigation
on the reactions influencing biomass air and air/steam gasification for
hydrogen production", Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 89(8), 2008, p.
764-772.
[4] Shen, L., Gao, Y., and Xiao, J., "Simulation of hydrogen production
from biomass gasification in interconnected fluidized beds", Biomass
and Bioenergy, vol. 32, 2008, p.120-127.
[5] Luo, S., Xiao, B., Hu, Z., Liu, S., Guo. X., and He, M., "Hydrogen-rich
gas from catalytic steam gasification of biomass in a fixed-bed reactor:
Influence of temperature and steam on gasification performance",
International Journal of hydrogen energy, vol. 34, 2009, p. 2191 - 2194.
[6] M. Balat, "Potential importance of hydrogen as future solution to
environmental and transportation problems", International Journal of
Hydrogen Energy, vol. 33, 2008, p. 4013 - 4029.
[7] McKendry P., "Energy production from biomass (part 3): Gasification
Technology", Bioresource Technology, vol. 83, 2002-b, p.55-63
[8] Dupont C., Boissonnet G., Seiler JM., Gauthier P., and Schweich D.,
"Study about the kinetic processes of biomass steam gasification", Fuel,
vol. 86, 2007, p. 32-40.
[9] Nikoo MB. and Mahinpey N., "Simulation of biomass gasification in
fluidized bed reactor using Aspen Plus", Biomass and Bioenergy, vol.
32(12), 2008, p.1245-1254.
[10] Mahishi MR. and Goswami DY., "Thermodynamics optimization of
biomass gasifier for hydrogen production", International Journal of
Hydrogen Energy, vol. 32, 2007, p. 3831-3840.
[11] Lv P., Wu C., Ma L., and Yuan Z., "A Study on the economic efficiency
of hydrogen production from biomass residues in China", Renewable
Energy, vol. 22, 2008, p. 1874-1879.
[12] <www.virtualmaterials.com> last accessed 13 January 2010.
[13] Mann, M.D., Knutson, R.Z., Erjavec, J., and Jacobsen, J.P., "Modeling
reaction kinetics of steam gasification for a transport gasifier", Fuel, vol.
83, 2004, p. 1643 - 1650.
[14] Florin N. and Harris A., "Enhanced hydrogen production from biomass
with in-situ carbon dioxide capture using calcium oxide sorbents",
Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 63, 2008, p. 287-316.
[15] Corella, J., and Sanz, A., "Modeling circulating fluidized bed biomass
gasifiers. A-pseudo-rigorous model for stationary state", Fuel
Processing Technology, vol. 86, 2005, p. 1021 - 1053.
[16] Gonzalez, S.J., "Advances in biomass gasification in fluidized bed",
PhD thesis, University of Saragossa (Dept. Of Chemical Engineering),
1988, Unpublished.
[17] Fushimi, C., Araki, K., Yamaguchi, Y., and Tsutsumi, A., "Effect of
heating rate on steam gasification of biomass: 1. Reactivity of char",
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 42, 2003, p. 3922-
3928.
[18] Choi, Y.C., Li, X.Y., Park, T.J., Kim, J.H., and Lee, J.G., "Numerical
study on the coal gasification characteristics in an entrained flow coal
gasifier", Fuel, vol. 80, 2001, p. 2193-2201.
[19] Govin, R., and Shah, J., "Modeling and simulation of an entrained flow
coal gasifier", AIChE Journal, vol. 30, 1984, p. 79.
[20] Therien, N., Marchand, P., Chamberland, A., and Gravel, G., "Computer
modeling and simulation of biomass fluidized bed gasifier", Proceedings
of the XVIII Congress: The Use of Computer in Chemical Engineering-
CEF87, 26-30 April, Gianardi Naxos, Italy, 1987, p. 187-192.
[21] Liu, H., and Gibbs, B.M., "Modeling NH3 and HCN emissions from
biomass circulating fluidizied biomass gasifiers", Fuel, vol. 82, 2003,
p.1591 - 1604.
[22] Fletcher, D.F., Haynes,D.S., Christo, F.C., and Joseph, S.D., "A CFD
based combustion model of an entrained flow biomass gasifier", Applied
Mathematics Modeling, vol. 24, 2000, p. 165-182.
[23] Xu, J., and Froment, G.J., "Methane steam reforming, methanation and
water gas shift: 1. Intrinsic Kinetics", AIChE Journal, vol. 35, 1989, p.
88-96.
[24] Simell, P.A., Hirvensalo, E.K., Smolander, S.T., and Krause, A.O.,
"Steam reforming of gasification gas tar over dolomite with benzene as a
model compound", Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol.
38, 1999, p. 1250-1257.
[25] Irfan, A., and Dogu, G., "Cacination kinetics of high purity limestones",
Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 83, 2001, p. 131-137.
[26] Milne, C.R., Silciox, G.R., Pershing, D.W., and Kirchgesner, D.A.,
"Calculation and sintering models for applications of high temperature
short time sulfaction of calcium based sorbent", Ind Eng. Chem. Res.,
vol. 29, 1990, p. 139-152.
[27] Brown, B.W., Smoot, L.D., Smith, P.J., and Hedman, P.O.,
"Measurement and prediction of entrained flow gasification process",
AIChE Journal, vol. 34, 1988, p. 435-446.
[28] Gao N., Li A., and Quan C., "A Novel reforming method for hydrogen
production from biomass steam gasification", Bioresource Technology,
vol. 100, 2009, p. 4271-4277.
[29] <www.mox.com.my> last accessed on 13 January 2010.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:50071", author = "Mohd K. Yunus and Murni M. Ahmad and Abrar Inayat and Suzana Yusup", title = "Simulation of Enhanced Biomass Gasification for Hydrogen Production using iCON", abstract = "Due to the environmental and price issues of current
energy crisis, scientists and technologists around the globe are
intensively searching for new environmentally less-impact form of
clean energy that will reduce the high dependency on fossil fuel.
Particularly hydrogen can be produced from biomass via thermochemical
processes including pyrolysis and gasification due to the
economic advantage and can be further enhanced through in-situ
carbon dioxide removal using calcium oxide. This work focuses on
the synthesis and development of the flowsheet for the enhanced
biomass gasification process in PETRONAS-s iCON process
simulation software. This hydrogen prediction model is conducted at
operating temperature between 600 to 1000oC at atmospheric
pressure. Effects of temperature, steam-to-biomass ratio and
adsorbent-to-biomass ratio were studied and 0.85 mol fraction of
hydrogen is predicted in the product gas. Comparisons of the results
are also made with experimental data from literature. The
preliminary economic potential of developed system is RM 12.57 x
106 which equivalent to USD 3.77 x 106 annually shows economic
viability of this process.", keywords = "Biomass, Gasification, Hydrogen, iCON.", volume = "4", number = "2", pages = "154-7", }
