Psychological Variables of Sport Participation and Involvement among Student-Athletes of Tertiary Institutions in South-West, Nigeria
This study was conducted to investigate the
psychological variables motivating sport participation and
involvement among student-athletes of tertiary institutions in southwest
Nigeria. One thousand three hundred and fifty (N-1350) studentathletes
were randomly selected in all sports from nine tertiary
institutions in south-west Nigeria. These tertiary institutions include
University of Lagos, Lagos State University, Obafemi Awolowo
University, Osun State University, University of Ibadan, University
of Agriculture Abeokuta, Federal University of Technology
Akungba, University of Ilorin, and Kwara State University. The
descriptive survey research method was adopted while a self
developed validated Likert type questionnaire named Sport
Participation Scale (SPS) was used to elicit opinion from
respondents. The test-retest reliability value obtained for the
instrument, using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Co-efficient
was 0.96. Out of the one thousand three hundred and fifty (N-1350)
questionnaire administered, only one thousand two hundred and five
(N-1286) were correctly filled, coded and analysed using inferential
statistics of Chi-Square (X2) while all the tested hypotheses were set
at. 05 alpha level. Based on the findings of this study, the result
revealed that several psychological factors influence student athletes
to continue participation in sport one which includes love for the
game, famous athletes as role model and family support. However,
the analysis further revealed that the stipends the student-athletes get
from their universities have no influence on their participation and
involvement in sport.
[1] F. M. Adeyeye, and K. A. Adeyemo, The influence of motivation and
facilities on athletes’ performance in Nigeria university games. Journal
of Development and Sustainability, vol. 2, 2013 pp 2396-2401.
[2] V. L. Bacon, and P. J. Russell, Addiction and the college athlete: The
Multiple Addictive Behaviour Questionnaire (MABQ) with college
athletes. The Sport Journals, vol. 7, 2014 p 2.
[3] E. M. Blinde, D. E. Tails, and L. Han. “Sport participation and women’s
personal empowerment: Experiences of the college athlete” Journal of
Sport and Social Issues, vol. 17, 1993 pp. 47-60.
[4] S. Chen, S. Snyder, and M. Magner, Effects of sport participation on
student-athletes and non athletes students’ social life and identity.
Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletic, vol. 3, 2010 pp 176-193.
[5] J. Coakley. Sport in society: Issues and controversies (9th ed.). Bpston,
MA: McGraw-Hill, 2007, pp. 13-22.
[6] F. E. Edward, A.P. Ferrante and P. James, Counselling college studentathletes.
United State of America, Fitness Information Technology, Inc,
1996, pp. 23-26.
[7] S. Eitzen, and G. Sage, Sociology of North American Sport (8th ed).
Boulder, Co: Paradigm Publishers, 2008, pp. 18-20.
[8] S. Fields, C.L. Collins, and R.D. Comstock, Conflict on the court: A
review of sport related violence literature. Trauma Violence and Abuse,
vol. 8, 2007 pp 359-369.
[9] A. J. Gaston, and J. L. Gales, Examining academic and athletic
motivation among student athletes at a Division I university. Journal of
College Student Development, vol. 45, 2004 pp 75-83.
[10] J. Grabmeier, About 15 per cent of major college athletes may have
symptoms of eating disorders, study suggests. Retrieved July 4, 2009
from http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/athlteat.htm
[11] C. B. Green, and L. Chalip, Enduring involvement in youth soccer: The
socialization of parent and child. Journal of Leisure Research, vol. 29,
1997 pp 61 -77.
[12] A. Hudson, Effects of athletic involvement on the social life: A study of
68 track and field athletes. Unpublished.
[13] T. L. Jackson, and J. L. Davis, (2000). Prevention of sexual and physical
assault towards women: A programme for male athletes. Journal of
Community Psychology, 28(6), 589-605.
[14] J. Mayer,. The influence of athletic involvement inb psychosocial
development. Retrieved 1997, from
http://info.med.yale.edu/chldstdy/IACAPAP/997/997-12.htm
[15] M. McCullagh, Motivation for participation in physical activity.
Mpsbhadauria,1993 pp 34-43.
[16] K. E. Miller, M. J. Melnick, G. M. Barnes, M. P. Farrell, and D. Sabo,
Untangling the links among athletic involvement, gender, race, and
adolescent academic outcomes. Sociology of Sport Journal, vol. 22,
2005, pp 178-193.
[17] R. Singer, M. Murphy, and L. Tennant (Eds). Handbook of research on
sport psychology. New York: MacMillan 1993 pp 213-227
[18] D. R. Shaffer, and E. Wittes, Women’s precollege sports participation,
enjoyment of sports, and self-esteem. Sex Roles, vol. 55, 2006 pp 225-
232.
[19] I. Soribe (2014). Factors influencing Lagos state athletes’ involvement
in sport. Unpublished.
[20] D. C. Stephanie, D. B. Veerle, and V. B. Maarten.The inspirational
function of role models for sport participation and development.
Participation in sport. Strategies and challenges, vol. 4, 2004 pp 76-79.
[21] P. D. Umbach, M. M. Palmer, G. D. Kuh, and S. J. Hannah,
Intercollegiate athletes and effective educational practices: Winning
combination or losing effort. Research in Higher Education, vol. 47,
2006 pp 32.
[22] J. C. Watson, Student-athletes and counselling: Factors influencing the
decision to seek counselling services. College Students Journal, vol. 3,
2006 pp 23-31.
[23] J. M. Williams, S. Sarraf, P. D. Umbach, Beyond the headlines:
Examining the college experiences of Division I high-profile athletes.
Paper presented at the 46th Annual Association for Institutional
Research Forum, Chicago, IL. May, 2006.
[24] G. C. Wolniak, C. T. Pierson, and E. T. Pascarella, Effects of
intercollegiate athletics participation on male orientations toward
learning. Journal of Collegiate Student Development, vol. 42, 2001 pp
604-624.
[25] R. B. Woods, Social issues in sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics,
2006 pp 23-36.
[26] A. L. Woodruff, and D. L. Schallert, Studying to play, playing to study:
Nine college student-athletes’ motivational sense of self. Contemporary
Educational Psychology, vol. 33, 2008 pp 34-57.
[1] F. M. Adeyeye, and K. A. Adeyemo, The influence of motivation and
facilities on athletes’ performance in Nigeria university games. Journal
of Development and Sustainability, vol. 2, 2013 pp 2396-2401.
[2] V. L. Bacon, and P. J. Russell, Addiction and the college athlete: The
Multiple Addictive Behaviour Questionnaire (MABQ) with college
athletes. The Sport Journals, vol. 7, 2014 p 2.
[3] E. M. Blinde, D. E. Tails, and L. Han. “Sport participation and women’s
personal empowerment: Experiences of the college athlete” Journal of
Sport and Social Issues, vol. 17, 1993 pp. 47-60.
[4] S. Chen, S. Snyder, and M. Magner, Effects of sport participation on
student-athletes and non athletes students’ social life and identity.
Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletic, vol. 3, 2010 pp 176-193.
[5] J. Coakley. Sport in society: Issues and controversies (9th ed.). Bpston,
MA: McGraw-Hill, 2007, pp. 13-22.
[6] F. E. Edward, A.P. Ferrante and P. James, Counselling college studentathletes.
United State of America, Fitness Information Technology, Inc,
1996, pp. 23-26.
[7] S. Eitzen, and G. Sage, Sociology of North American Sport (8th ed).
Boulder, Co: Paradigm Publishers, 2008, pp. 18-20.
[8] S. Fields, C.L. Collins, and R.D. Comstock, Conflict on the court: A
review of sport related violence literature. Trauma Violence and Abuse,
vol. 8, 2007 pp 359-369.
[9] A. J. Gaston, and J. L. Gales, Examining academic and athletic
motivation among student athletes at a Division I university. Journal of
College Student Development, vol. 45, 2004 pp 75-83.
[10] J. Grabmeier, About 15 per cent of major college athletes may have
symptoms of eating disorders, study suggests. Retrieved July 4, 2009
from http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/athlteat.htm
[11] C. B. Green, and L. Chalip, Enduring involvement in youth soccer: The
socialization of parent and child. Journal of Leisure Research, vol. 29,
1997 pp 61 -77.
[12] A. Hudson, Effects of athletic involvement on the social life: A study of
68 track and field athletes. Unpublished.
[13] T. L. Jackson, and J. L. Davis, (2000). Prevention of sexual and physical
assault towards women: A programme for male athletes. Journal of
Community Psychology, 28(6), 589-605.
[14] J. Mayer,. The influence of athletic involvement inb psychosocial
development. Retrieved 1997, from
http://info.med.yale.edu/chldstdy/IACAPAP/997/997-12.htm
[15] M. McCullagh, Motivation for participation in physical activity.
Mpsbhadauria,1993 pp 34-43.
[16] K. E. Miller, M. J. Melnick, G. M. Barnes, M. P. Farrell, and D. Sabo,
Untangling the links among athletic involvement, gender, race, and
adolescent academic outcomes. Sociology of Sport Journal, vol. 22,
2005, pp 178-193.
[17] R. Singer, M. Murphy, and L. Tennant (Eds). Handbook of research on
sport psychology. New York: MacMillan 1993 pp 213-227
[18] D. R. Shaffer, and E. Wittes, Women’s precollege sports participation,
enjoyment of sports, and self-esteem. Sex Roles, vol. 55, 2006 pp 225-
232.
[19] I. Soribe (2014). Factors influencing Lagos state athletes’ involvement
in sport. Unpublished.
[20] D. C. Stephanie, D. B. Veerle, and V. B. Maarten.The inspirational
function of role models for sport participation and development.
Participation in sport. Strategies and challenges, vol. 4, 2004 pp 76-79.
[21] P. D. Umbach, M. M. Palmer, G. D. Kuh, and S. J. Hannah,
Intercollegiate athletes and effective educational practices: Winning
combination or losing effort. Research in Higher Education, vol. 47,
2006 pp 32.
[22] J. C. Watson, Student-athletes and counselling: Factors influencing the
decision to seek counselling services. College Students Journal, vol. 3,
2006 pp 23-31.
[23] J. M. Williams, S. Sarraf, P. D. Umbach, Beyond the headlines:
Examining the college experiences of Division I high-profile athletes.
Paper presented at the 46th Annual Association for Institutional
Research Forum, Chicago, IL. May, 2006.
[24] G. C. Wolniak, C. T. Pierson, and E. T. Pascarella, Effects of
intercollegiate athletics participation on male orientations toward
learning. Journal of Collegiate Student Development, vol. 42, 2001 pp
604-624.
[25] R. B. Woods, Social issues in sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics,
2006 pp 23-36.
[26] A. L. Woodruff, and D. L. Schallert, Studying to play, playing to study:
Nine college student-athletes’ motivational sense of self. Contemporary
Educational Psychology, vol. 33, 2008 pp 34-57.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:71356", author = "Mayowa Adeyeye", title = "Psychological Variables of Sport Participation and Involvement among Student-Athletes of Tertiary Institutions in South-West, Nigeria", abstract = "This study was conducted to investigate the
psychological variables motivating sport participation and
involvement among student-athletes of tertiary institutions in southwest
Nigeria. One thousand three hundred and fifty (N-1350) studentathletes
were randomly selected in all sports from nine tertiary
institutions in south-west Nigeria. These tertiary institutions include
University of Lagos, Lagos State University, Obafemi Awolowo
University, Osun State University, University of Ibadan, University
of Agriculture Abeokuta, Federal University of Technology
Akungba, University of Ilorin, and Kwara State University. The
descriptive survey research method was adopted while a self
developed validated Likert type questionnaire named Sport
Participation Scale (SPS) was used to elicit opinion from
respondents. The test-retest reliability value obtained for the
instrument, using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Co-efficient
was 0.96. Out of the one thousand three hundred and fifty (N-1350)
questionnaire administered, only one thousand two hundred and five
(N-1286) were correctly filled, coded and analysed using inferential
statistics of Chi-Square (X2) while all the tested hypotheses were set
at. 05 alpha level. Based on the findings of this study, the result
revealed that several psychological factors influence student athletes
to continue participation in sport one which includes love for the
game, famous athletes as role model and family support. However,
the analysis further revealed that the stipends the student-athletes get
from their universities have no influence on their participation and
involvement in sport.", keywords = "Family support, peer, role model, sport participation,
student-athletes.", volume = "9", number = "11", pages = "781-5", }