Promising Immobilization of Cadmium and Lead inside Ca-rich Glass-ceramics
Considering toxicity of heavy metals and their
accumulation in domestic wastes, immobilization of lead and
cadmium is envisaged inside glass-ceramics. We particularly
focused this work on calcium-rich phases embedded in a
glassy matrix.
Glass-ceramics were synthesized from glasses doped with
12 wt% and 16 wt% of PbO or CdO. They were observed and
analyzed by Electron MicroProbe Analysis (EMPA) and
Analytical Scanning Electron Microscopy (ASEM). Structural
characterization of the samples was performed by powder XRay
Diffraction.
Diopside crystals of CaMgSi2O6 composition are shown to
incorporate significant amounts of cadmium (up to 9 wt% of
CdO). Two new crystalline phases are observed with very
high Cd or Pb contents: about 40 wt% CdO for the cadmiumrich
phase and near 60 wt% PbO for the lead-rich phase. We
present complete chemical and structural characterization of
these phases. They represent a promising way for the
immobilization of toxic elements like Cd or Pb since glass
ceramics are known to propose a “double barrier" protection
(metal-rich crystals embedded in a glass matrix) against metal
release in the environment.
[1] ADEME, Techniques de gestion des déchets ménagers. France Norbert
Plot, pp. 112, 1999.
[2] W. Wang and X. Wan, "A study on the character of heavy metal from
municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash in China," in Proceeding of the
world ingineer-s convention 2004, vol. D, pp. 54-57.
[3] P. Frugier, "Influence des variations de compositions des vitrifiats de
REFIOM sur leur comportements à long terme," Ph.D. Thesis,
Commissariat ├á l-énergie atomique, Paris, 2000.
[4] J. Yvon, D. Antenucci, E. A. Jdid, G. Lorenzi, V. Dutre, D. Leclerq, P.
Nielson and M. Veschkens, "Long-term stability in landfills of
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration fly ashes solidified/stabilized by
hydraulic binders," Journal of Geochemical Exploration, vol. 85, pp.
143-155, 2006.
[5] T. M. El-Shamy and R. W. Douglas, "Kinetics of the reaction of water
with glass," GlassTechnology, vol. 13, pp. 77-80, 1972
[6] W. Höland and G. Beall, Glass-ceramics technology, The American
Ceramic Society, pp. 361, 2002.
[7] J. B. Jr. Watchman, Mechanical properties of ceramics, Wiley-
Interscience, pp. 472, 1996
[8] L. Gautron, S. Greaux, D. Andrault, N. Bolfan-Casanova, N. Guignot
and M. A. Boufhid, "Uranium in the earth-s lower mantle," Geophysical
Research Letters, vol. 33, L23301, doi: 10.1029/2006GL027508, 2006
[9] S. Greaux, L. Gautron, D. Andrault, N. Bolfan-Casanova and M. A.
Bouhifd, "Experimental high pressure and high temperature study of the
incorporation of uranium in al-rich CaSiOÔéâ perovskite," Physics of the
Earth and Planetory Interiors, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2008.06.010, 2008.
[10] B. J. Wood, J. D. Blundy and A. C. Robinson, "The role of
clinopyroxene in generating U-series disequilibrium during mantle
melting" Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol. 63. pp. 1613-1620, 1999.
[11] R. D. Shannon, "Revised Effective Ionic Radii and systematic Studies of
Interatomic distances in Halides and Chalcogenides,"Acta Cryst, vol.
A32, pp. 751-767, 1976.
[12] L. Barbieri, A. Corradi, I. Lancellotti, A. P. Novaes De Oliviera and O.
E. Alarcon, "Nucleation and crystal growth of a MgO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2
glass with added steel fly ash," Journal of American Ceramics Society,
vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 670-674, 2002.
[13] G. Qian, Y. Song, C. Zhang, Y. Xia, H. Zhang and P. Chui, "Diopsidebased
glass-ceramics from MSWI fly ash and bottom ash," Waste
Management, vol. 26, no. 12, pp. 1462-1467, 2006.
[14] D. Andrault, D. Neuville, A. M. Flank and Y. Wang, "Cation site in Alrich
MgSIO3 perovskite," American Mineralogist, vol. 83, pp.1045-
1053, 1998.
[1] ADEME, Techniques de gestion des déchets ménagers. France Norbert
Plot, pp. 112, 1999.
[2] W. Wang and X. Wan, "A study on the character of heavy metal from
municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash in China," in Proceeding of the
world ingineer-s convention 2004, vol. D, pp. 54-57.
[3] P. Frugier, "Influence des variations de compositions des vitrifiats de
REFIOM sur leur comportements à long terme," Ph.D. Thesis,
Commissariat ├á l-énergie atomique, Paris, 2000.
[4] J. Yvon, D. Antenucci, E. A. Jdid, G. Lorenzi, V. Dutre, D. Leclerq, P.
Nielson and M. Veschkens, "Long-term stability in landfills of
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration fly ashes solidified/stabilized by
hydraulic binders," Journal of Geochemical Exploration, vol. 85, pp.
143-155, 2006.
[5] T. M. El-Shamy and R. W. Douglas, "Kinetics of the reaction of water
with glass," GlassTechnology, vol. 13, pp. 77-80, 1972
[6] W. Höland and G. Beall, Glass-ceramics technology, The American
Ceramic Society, pp. 361, 2002.
[7] J. B. Jr. Watchman, Mechanical properties of ceramics, Wiley-
Interscience, pp. 472, 1996
[8] L. Gautron, S. Greaux, D. Andrault, N. Bolfan-Casanova, N. Guignot
and M. A. Boufhid, "Uranium in the earth-s lower mantle," Geophysical
Research Letters, vol. 33, L23301, doi: 10.1029/2006GL027508, 2006
[9] S. Greaux, L. Gautron, D. Andrault, N. Bolfan-Casanova and M. A.
Bouhifd, "Experimental high pressure and high temperature study of the
incorporation of uranium in al-rich CaSiOÔéâ perovskite," Physics of the
Earth and Planetory Interiors, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2008.06.010, 2008.
[10] B. J. Wood, J. D. Blundy and A. C. Robinson, "The role of
clinopyroxene in generating U-series disequilibrium during mantle
melting" Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, vol. 63. pp. 1613-1620, 1999.
[11] R. D. Shannon, "Revised Effective Ionic Radii and systematic Studies of
Interatomic distances in Halides and Chalcogenides,"Acta Cryst, vol.
A32, pp. 751-767, 1976.
[12] L. Barbieri, A. Corradi, I. Lancellotti, A. P. Novaes De Oliviera and O.
E. Alarcon, "Nucleation and crystal growth of a MgO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2
glass with added steel fly ash," Journal of American Ceramics Society,
vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 670-674, 2002.
[13] G. Qian, Y. Song, C. Zhang, Y. Xia, H. Zhang and P. Chui, "Diopsidebased
glass-ceramics from MSWI fly ash and bottom ash," Waste
Management, vol. 26, no. 12, pp. 1462-1467, 2006.
[14] D. Andrault, D. Neuville, A. M. Flank and Y. Wang, "Cation site in Alrich
MgSIO3 perovskite," American Mineralogist, vol. 83, pp.1045-
1053, 1998.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:51825", author = "A. Karnis and L. Gautron", title = "Promising Immobilization of Cadmium and Lead inside Ca-rich Glass-ceramics", abstract = "Considering toxicity of heavy metals and their
accumulation in domestic wastes, immobilization of lead and
cadmium is envisaged inside glass-ceramics. We particularly
focused this work on calcium-rich phases embedded in a
glassy matrix.
Glass-ceramics were synthesized from glasses doped with
12 wt% and 16 wt% of PbO or CdO. They were observed and
analyzed by Electron MicroProbe Analysis (EMPA) and
Analytical Scanning Electron Microscopy (ASEM). Structural
characterization of the samples was performed by powder XRay
Diffraction.
Diopside crystals of CaMgSi2O6 composition are shown to
incorporate significant amounts of cadmium (up to 9 wt% of
CdO). Two new crystalline phases are observed with very
high Cd or Pb contents: about 40 wt% CdO for the cadmiumrich
phase and near 60 wt% PbO for the lead-rich phase. We
present complete chemical and structural characterization of
these phases. They represent a promising way for the
immobilization of toxic elements like Cd or Pb since glass
ceramics are known to propose a “double barrier" protection
(metal-rich crystals embedded in a glass matrix) against metal
release in the environment.", keywords = "Cadmium, Calcium-rich phases, Diopside, Domesticwastes, Fly ashes, Glass-ceramics, Lead, Municipal Solid WasteIncineration.", volume = "3", number = "4", pages = "100-4", }