Oleic acid (C18:1) play an important role in
proliferation of fat cells. In this study, the effect of oleate on cells
viability in 3T3-L1 cells (fat cells) was investigated. The 3T3-L1
cells were treated with various concentrations of oleate in the
presence of 23 mM glucose. Oleate was added to adipogenic media
(day 0) to investigate the influence of oleate on proliferation of
postconfluent preadipocytes after 24 h induction. 0.1 mM oleate
promoted cell division by increasing 33.9% number of cells from
basal control in postconfluent preadipocytes. However, there were no
significantly different in cells viability with control cells when oleate
concentrations were increased up to 0.5 mM. When added to
differentiated adipocytes (day 12) for 48 h, the number of cells
decreased as oleate concentrations increased. 92.7% of cells lost
demonstrated apoptosis and necrosis after 48 h with 0.5 mM oleate.
The fluorochrome staining was examined under fluorescence
microscopy using acridine orange and ethidium bromide double
staining. Furthermore, the presence of high lactate (60.6% increased
from basal control) released into plasma has shown the direct
cytotoxicity of 0.5 mM oleate on adipocytes.
[1] O. M. Gleeson, "Basic metabolism I; fat," Journal of Surgery, vol. 23,
no. 3, pp. 83-88, 2005.
[2] J. R. Greenfield and L. V. Campbell, "Insulin resistance and obesity,"
Clinics in Dermatology, vol. 22, pp. 289-295, 2004.
[3] K. F. Petersen and G. I. Shulman, "Etiology of insulin resistance," The
American Journal of Medicine, vol. 119(5A), pp. 105-165, 2006.
[4] P. S. Jellinger, "Metabolic consequences of hyperglycemia and insulin
resistance," Clinical Cornerstone, vol. 8(Suppl 7), pp. S30-S42, 2007.
[5] V. Rioux, P. Lemarchal and P. Legrand, "Myristic acid, unlike palmitic
acid, is rapidly metabolized in cultured rat hepatocytes," Journal of
Nutritional Biochemistry, vol, 11, pp. 198-207, 2000.
[6] C. Schmitz-Peiffer, "Signalling aspects of insulin resistance in skeletal
muscle: Mechanisms induced by lipid oversupply," Journal of Cellular
Signalling, vol. 12, pp. 583-594, 2000.
[7] M. Stumvoll, "Fatty acids and insulin resistance in muscle and liver,"
Best Practice & Research, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 625-635, 2005.
[8] A. A. Spector, "Structure and lipid binding properties of serum
albumin," Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 16, pp. 320-338, 1975.
[9] R. Mishra and M. S. Simonson, "Saturated free fatty acids and apoptosis
in microvascular mesangial cells: palmitate activates pro-apoptotic
signaling involving caspase 9 and mitochondrial release of endonuclease
G," Cardiovascular Diabetology, vol. 4, pp. 2, 2005.
[10] Z. Goa, X. Zhang, A. Zuberi, D. Hwang, M. J. Quon, M. Lefevre and J.
Ye, "Inhibition of insulin sensitivity by free fatty acids requires
activation of multiple serine kinases in 3T3-L1 adipocytes," Journal of
molecular Endocrinology, vol. 18, pp. 2024-2034, 2004.
[11] T. Mosmann, "Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival:
application to proliferation and cytotoxic assays," Journal of
immunological Methods, vol. 65, no. 1-2, pp. 55-63, 1983.
[12] S. Ambati, H. Kim, J. Yang, J. Lin, M. A. Della-Fera and C. A. Baile,
"Effects of leptin on apoptosis and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes,"
Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 73, pp. 378-384, 2007.
[13] J. R. Patil, G. K. Jayaprakasha, K. N. Chidambara, S. E. Tichy and M. B.
Chetti, "Apoptosis-mediated proliferation inhibition of human colon
cancer cells by volatile principles of Citrus aurantifolia," Food
Chemistry, vol. 114, pp. 1351-1358, 2009.
[14] K. Chobotova, N. Karpovich, J. Carver, S. Manek, W. J. Gullick, D. H.
Barlow and H. J. Mardon,, "Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor
and its receptors mediate decidualization and potentiate survival of
human endometrial stromal cells," Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &
Metabolism, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 913, 2005.
[15] H. Kim, M. Della-Fera and C. A. Baile, "Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits
adipocyte differentiation and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1
preadipocytes," The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 136, pp. 2965-2969, 2006.
[16] A. E. Brodie, V. A. Manning, K. R. Ferguson, D. E. Jewell and C. Y.
Hu, "Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits differentiation of pre- and postconfluent
3T3-L1 preadipocytes but inhibits cell proliferation only in
preconfluent cells,". Journal of Nutrition, vol.129, pp. 602-606, 1999.
[17] M. V. Bilsen, J. E. de Vries and G. J. Van der Vusse, "Long-term
effects of fatty acids on cll viability and gene expression of neonatal
cardiac myocytes," Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty
Acids, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 39-45, 1997.
[18] B. M. Wolfe, S. Klein and E. J. Peters, "Effect of elevated free fatty
acids on glucose oxidation in normal humans," Metabolism, vol. 37, pp.
323-329, 1987.
[1] O. M. Gleeson, "Basic metabolism I; fat," Journal of Surgery, vol. 23,
no. 3, pp. 83-88, 2005.
[2] J. R. Greenfield and L. V. Campbell, "Insulin resistance and obesity,"
Clinics in Dermatology, vol. 22, pp. 289-295, 2004.
[3] K. F. Petersen and G. I. Shulman, "Etiology of insulin resistance," The
American Journal of Medicine, vol. 119(5A), pp. 105-165, 2006.
[4] P. S. Jellinger, "Metabolic consequences of hyperglycemia and insulin
resistance," Clinical Cornerstone, vol. 8(Suppl 7), pp. S30-S42, 2007.
[5] V. Rioux, P. Lemarchal and P. Legrand, "Myristic acid, unlike palmitic
acid, is rapidly metabolized in cultured rat hepatocytes," Journal of
Nutritional Biochemistry, vol, 11, pp. 198-207, 2000.
[6] C. Schmitz-Peiffer, "Signalling aspects of insulin resistance in skeletal
muscle: Mechanisms induced by lipid oversupply," Journal of Cellular
Signalling, vol. 12, pp. 583-594, 2000.
[7] M. Stumvoll, "Fatty acids and insulin resistance in muscle and liver,"
Best Practice & Research, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 625-635, 2005.
[8] A. A. Spector, "Structure and lipid binding properties of serum
albumin," Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 16, pp. 320-338, 1975.
[9] R. Mishra and M. S. Simonson, "Saturated free fatty acids and apoptosis
in microvascular mesangial cells: palmitate activates pro-apoptotic
signaling involving caspase 9 and mitochondrial release of endonuclease
G," Cardiovascular Diabetology, vol. 4, pp. 2, 2005.
[10] Z. Goa, X. Zhang, A. Zuberi, D. Hwang, M. J. Quon, M. Lefevre and J.
Ye, "Inhibition of insulin sensitivity by free fatty acids requires
activation of multiple serine kinases in 3T3-L1 adipocytes," Journal of
molecular Endocrinology, vol. 18, pp. 2024-2034, 2004.
[11] T. Mosmann, "Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival:
application to proliferation and cytotoxic assays," Journal of
immunological Methods, vol. 65, no. 1-2, pp. 55-63, 1983.
[12] S. Ambati, H. Kim, J. Yang, J. Lin, M. A. Della-Fera and C. A. Baile,
"Effects of leptin on apoptosis and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes,"
Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 73, pp. 378-384, 2007.
[13] J. R. Patil, G. K. Jayaprakasha, K. N. Chidambara, S. E. Tichy and M. B.
Chetti, "Apoptosis-mediated proliferation inhibition of human colon
cancer cells by volatile principles of Citrus aurantifolia," Food
Chemistry, vol. 114, pp. 1351-1358, 2009.
[14] K. Chobotova, N. Karpovich, J. Carver, S. Manek, W. J. Gullick, D. H.
Barlow and H. J. Mardon,, "Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor
and its receptors mediate decidualization and potentiate survival of
human endometrial stromal cells," Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &
Metabolism, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 913, 2005.
[15] H. Kim, M. Della-Fera and C. A. Baile, "Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits
adipocyte differentiation and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1
preadipocytes," The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 136, pp. 2965-2969, 2006.
[16] A. E. Brodie, V. A. Manning, K. R. Ferguson, D. E. Jewell and C. Y.
Hu, "Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits differentiation of pre- and postconfluent
3T3-L1 preadipocytes but inhibits cell proliferation only in
preconfluent cells,". Journal of Nutrition, vol.129, pp. 602-606, 1999.
[17] M. V. Bilsen, J. E. de Vries and G. J. Van der Vusse, "Long-term
effects of fatty acids on cll viability and gene expression of neonatal
cardiac myocytes," Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty
Acids, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 39-45, 1997.
[18] B. M. Wolfe, S. Klein and E. J. Peters, "Effect of elevated free fatty
acids on glucose oxidation in normal humans," Metabolism, vol. 37, pp.
323-329, 1987.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:50874", author = "A. Rohana and A. M. and Fadzilah Adibah and M. S. Muhammad Roji", title = "Oleate Induces Apoptosis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes", abstract = "Oleic acid (C18:1) play an important role in
proliferation of fat cells. In this study, the effect of oleate on cells
viability in 3T3-L1 cells (fat cells) was investigated. The 3T3-L1
cells were treated with various concentrations of oleate in the
presence of 23 mM glucose. Oleate was added to adipogenic media
(day 0) to investigate the influence of oleate on proliferation of
postconfluent preadipocytes after 24 h induction. 0.1 mM oleate
promoted cell division by increasing 33.9% number of cells from
basal control in postconfluent preadipocytes. However, there were no
significantly different in cells viability with control cells when oleate
concentrations were increased up to 0.5 mM. When added to
differentiated adipocytes (day 12) for 48 h, the number of cells
decreased as oleate concentrations increased. 92.7% of cells lost
demonstrated apoptosis and necrosis after 48 h with 0.5 mM oleate.
The fluorochrome staining was examined under fluorescence
microscopy using acridine orange and ethidium bromide double
staining. Furthermore, the presence of high lactate (60.6% increased
from basal control) released into plasma has shown the direct
cytotoxicity of 0.5 mM oleate on adipocytes.", keywords = "adipocytes, apoptosis, oleate, postconfluentpreadipocytes", volume = "5", number = "9", pages = "513-4", }
